损耗

This paper presents the expressions of energy consumption in two types of blank holding: the conventional hydraulic cushion and cushion-compensating cylinder in single-action deep-drawing hydraulic press,and shows through comparison that the energy consumption in the latter one is far less than that in the former one.

用能量法推导了单动拉深液压机的两种压边方式即传统液压垫压边方式和液压垫—补偿缸压边方式的能量损耗表达式，以此为基础对两种压边方式产生的能量损失进行比较，结果表明后者远小于前者。

By analyzing the pulse transformer and ideal drive electric current wave, we try to improve the rate of changing-over, discuss the damped oscillation, point out existing circuit design error, and working a new circuit design which can reduce the common circuit circulation and switch loss.

通过对脉冲变压器及理想激励电流波形的分析，如何提高转换速率，阻尼振荡予以讨论，指出目前存在的设计误区，做出减少共态导通与开关损耗的新设计。

Vibration-damping property of damping material is related closely to its damping factor and modulus.

阻尼材料的阻尼减振性能和材料的损耗因子和弹性模量密切相关。

The relationship between stiffness, damping coefficient dissipation factor and frequency, and acting force is acquired.

获得测试对象的刚度系数、阻尼系数以及损耗因子等动力学特征参数值与使用频率、作用力幅值以及合金厚度之间的对应关系。

Furthermore, numerical simulations are performed to give the influences of several parameters such as the damping, loss factor and stiffness of isolator on power flow transmissibility.

此外，数值模拟结果给出了隔振器的阻尼、损耗因子以及刚度对功率流传递率的影响，结果将有助于被动和主动隔振器的设计和性能评估。

In the world, become world the biggest fruit to produce a country, but long-term since because take crop seriously, negligence quality, take measure of the increase production before collecting seriously, negligence collects an aftertreatment, store up treatment, the decay after causing fruit greens product to collect is degenerative and serious, loss is great, main show is in these problems the following respects: 1Structure of breed of product of.1 fruit greens is unreasonable although the crop of fruit greens product of our country is tall, but quality is poorer, market price is low, breed structure is unreasonable, early, medium scale of ripe, late-mature breed is undeserved, do not have especially comfortable the high grade breed at treatment, restricted our country fruit to machine the development of course of study apparently.

因此提高果蔬产品的质量，发展贮藏加工业，是我国果蔬产业发展亟待解决的问题。1 目前我国果蔬产业发展中存在的问题自 1993年以来，我国果品产量跃居世界第 1位，成为世界第一大水果生产国，但是长期以来由于重视产量，忽视质量，重视采前增产措施，忽视采后处理、贮藏加工，造成果蔬产品采后腐烂变质严重，损耗极大，这些问题主要表现在以下几个方面：1.1 果蔬产品品种结构不合理我国的果蔬产品产量虽高，但质量较差，市场售价低，品种结构不合理，早熟、中熟、晚熟品种比例不当，非凡是没有适于加工的优质品种，明显制约了我国果品加工业的发展。

The information available to a party may be limited, regulated, and received with time delay, and decisions made by one party may influence the decision space and well-being of others.

但是竞标者在竞标前所得到的信息一般是有限的、不准确的、时间上滞后的，所有竞标者之间的竞标策略也相互影响，且竞标系统中存在众多的内在不确定性，如系统需求量、燃料价格、发电和传输损耗等等，因此，电力市场充满着大量的随机因素，竞标具有一定的风险。

In this paper, the study on forecast and decomposition of power loss index focuses in the following areas.

本文对电力网电能损耗指标预测与分解的研究主要在以下几个方面开展工作。

This paper presented the research and exploration of mechanism and technics as well as the design of the magnetic circuit of this new compound machining, based on above, establishing the parameter model, meantime, analyzing influential effects on productivity of magnetic and EDM compound machining the holes through large numbers of experiments, including velcoity contrast experiments of pre-compound and after-compound machining with the change of current, velcoity contrast experiments of pre-compound and after-compound machining with the change of magnetic induction, velcoity contrast experiments of pre-compound and after-compound machining with the change of impulse width, experiments of the superficial roughness, experiments of the Electrode wastage, and intersectant experiments analysis as well as the change experiments of current waveforms. Through a number of experiments we analysed the influential effects of magnetic and EDM compound machining, compared the factors with EDM by oneself. A large of experiment records and deducibility have demonstrated that the productivity of magnetic and EDM compound machining is developed by 20%～400% than traditional EDM.

本论文对磁场电火花复合加工这种新的复合加工的机理、工艺和复合加工的磁路设计进行了研究和探索，在此基础上，建立了磁场电火花复合加工的参数模型，同时通过大量的随着电流变化磁场电火花复合前后加工速度对比实验、磁感应强度变化时的加工速度变化实验、随脉冲宽度变化的加工速度实验、表面粗糙度实验、电极损耗量实验、磁场电火花复合加工正交实验分析、电流波形变化等实验，实验分析了影响磁场电火花小孔加工效率的因素，并且跟单一的电火花加工中的影响因数进行了比较，大量的实验数据和理论推导证明磁场电火花复合加工比传统的单一电火花加工的效率提高了20％～400％左右。

Because the expensive tunable laser is not available in laboratory, the high-luminosity halogen lamp is considered as the multiplex photosource, at results, the cost become lower and the program keep more practicable. A experimental scheme of 16 channels wave demultiplex based on volume holographic technology is designed, and its channel capacity, noisiness, cut-in loss, isolation and storage persistence are analyzed.

采用高亮度溴钨灯代替价格昂贵的大功率可调谐激光器作为波长解复用试验的光源进行设计，有效降低实验成本，设计出基于体全息技术的16通道波分解复用器的实验方案，并分析该器件的信道容量、噪声特性、插入损耗、隔离度以及存储持久性等主要性能指标。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。