损害赔偿

This essay will point to the problem existing in the system of compensational liability for loss of life or personal injury at sea and present my own point of view on the perfection of application of Chinese law to compensational liability of loss of life or personal injury at sea, doctrine of liability fixation, scope of liability and limitation of liability.

论文的第一章主要是对海上人身伤亡损害的基本法律理论问题的研究，首先对海上人身伤亡损害进行了定义，即在海上或与海相通的可航水域，在海上运输或者其他海上作业、港口作业等过程中由于自然灾害或者人为因素造成船员、旅客和其他人员的生命健康权的损害而导致伤亡的后果。然后研究了我国关于海上人身伤亡损害赔偿的法律现状及相关法律法规存在的问题。

The third part of industrial injury accident from the encroacher principle, industrial injury accident of tort liability form aspects of infringement of industrial injury accident compensation.

第二部分从理论和立法依据方面论述工伤侵权救济存在的必要性，第三部分从工伤事故的侵权归责原则，工伤事故的侵权责任构成等方面工伤事故侵权的损害赔偿，第四部分将从工伤事故侵权赔偿的原则和赔偿标准等问题论述对工伤事故受害者的侵权赔偿问题。

Caps on damages: Legislative limitations on the amount of money that can be awarded to the plaintiff for economic or noneconomic damages in a personal injury claims, such as medical malpractice.

：赔偿的最高限额：在人身伤害赔偿中，在经济上或非经济上的损害赔偿，由立法规定判给原告的最高限定金额，诸如医疗事故赔偿。

However, the countries and regions of continental law maintain the compensatory principle and do not admit punitive damages liability is a civil liability, and investigate the adjudgements of punitive damages as a case, usually disavowing the adjudgements.

而在大陆法系国家和地区则坚持损害赔偿的补偿性原则，不承认惩罚性赔偿是一种民事责任，对普通法系的惩罚性赔偿判决则予以个案审查，一般情况下不认可惩罚性赔偿判决部分。

The compensation system for mental impairment is essential in compensation system in Civil Law at present.

精神损害赔偿制度是现代民法损害赔偿制度的重要组成部分。

The law as the adjustor of the social relation should have specific provision to the mental suffering compensation on default, especially in the contract law.

法律作为调整社会关系的调节器，理应对违约中的精神损害赔偿予以明确规定。从法律的功能角度考虑，我国合同法中应当明确规定对违约造成的精神损害予以赔偿。

In order to make the compensation payment fair and rational,negligence of a tortfeasor,facts of damage,regional economic circumstances of infringement acts and economic circumstances of a litigant shoud be considered.

一、精神损害赔偿的概念研究精神损害赔偿，应该从精神这一基本概念谈起。精神的概念在不同的领域有不同的涵义。

Spiritual damage refers to:a tortfeasor infringes personal benefit of a civil subject, which leads to a victim's grief and damage to spiritual benefit, a tortfeasor should take civil responsibility according to law.

精神损害赔偿是民法学上一个新的研究课题，也是侵权行为法中的一个突出的理论和实践问题。在我国的立法实践中至今还没有明确、具体的有关精神损害赔偿的条款。

Damage for patent infringement is the foundation of patent system. However, a clear standard of damage estimation has not been established in practice. Consequently it is difficult for the patentees to protect their patents by raising infringement litigations.

中文摘要专利侵权的损害赔偿是专利制度能否发挥功用的关键，但目前实务上对於损害赔偿的计算尚未建立明确的标准，造成专利权人难以利用侵权诉讼保护其专利权。

How did this article to deal with medical service damage compensate dispute's several issues to carry on the analysis and the discussion, this article also elaborated in the medical right infringement damage compensate dispute's onus probandi, simultaneously dealt with the issue which to the incident of malpractice in the stipulation existed to propose a view and the viewpoint

本文对如何处理医疗损害赔偿纠纷的几个问题进行了分析和探讨，本文还论述了医疗侵权损害赔偿纠纷中的举证责任，同时对医疗事故处理规定中存在的问题提出了一点看法和观点。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷