振

The simulation study shows that linear polarization sensitivity of silvered orthogonal twin mirrors is better than that of aluminum or aurum mirrors at the range of 0.4μm～10μm, and the silvered orthogonal twin mirrors have less influence on polarization ratio than those of aluminum and aurum mirrors.

模拟计算结果显示：在0.4μm～10μm波段内，非理想正交镀银反射镜的线偏振灵敏度优于铝、金等正交反射镜，且对光束偏振度的改变最小，因此正交镀银反射镜在高精度偏振遥感探测中值得广泛应用；若把角度误差控制在0.5°内，则正交镀银反射镜的偏振特性对偏振遥感器的辐射度和偏振度影响很小，具有较好的消偏性能。

The present invention discloses one kind of double micro polarizing free stereo imaging device and method. The device includes image plane, slit grating and double micro polaroid. The double micro polaroid sandwiches the slit grating, and the micro polaroid in the image plane side is between the image plane and the slit grating. The double micro polaroid consists of two adjacent lines of micro polarizing units, which are orthogonally arranged.

本发明公开了一种双微偏振式自由立体成像的装置及其方法，该装置包括图像面、狭缝光栅以及双微偏振片，其中双微偏振片是指上下两层微偏振片将狭缝光栅夹在中间，其中处于图像面一侧的微偏振片处于图像面与狭缝光栅之间；所述的微偏振片由相邻两列微偏振单元的透光轴方向相互垂直的微偏振单元周期性分布构成，即所谓"正交排列"；所述的狭缝光栅由等宽度的遮光条纹平行排列组成。

A FDTD program was written and the electromagnetic fields for various polarized incident beams are calculated and the polarization states of the diffractive waves are extracted. The relation between the polarization state of the diffraction wave and the grating balzed angle and polarization angle for the linearly polarized incident wave is analyzed; In the spectral range of 1530 ~ 1570nm, the polarization dispersion is studied for the linearly and circularly polarized incident beam.

用时域有限差分程序计算出任意偏振方向线偏光经过闪耀光栅衍射后的电磁场分布，提取衍射波的S偏振和P偏振分量，分析它们与光栅闪耀角和入射光波偏振角的关系；分析在1530 -1570nm光谱范围内，入射光波为线偏振波和园偏振波时，衍射光波的偏振色散特性与光栅闪耀角的关系。

The vibrating wire sensors is excited by single-coil structure and the vibration signal will be feedback through the phototube and MCU.This structure not only simplify the hardware circuit,but also solve the problem of electromagnetic interference which generated by the course of frequency's excitation and pick-up,improve the measurement accuracy and stability of frequency.The application of sweeping frequency makes the vibration wire start-up more stable and reliable.

振弦传感器采用单线圈电磁激振方式，应用光电管结合MCU进行振动信号反馈，不但简化了硬件电路，而且解除了激振和拾振中电磁干扰问题，提高了测量的精度和稳定性；激振中采用的扫频技术也使振弦的起振更加稳定可靠。

In this topic, the dynamic analysis methods for piezoelectric vibrator are studied systematically based on the theoretical model, FEM numerical experimentation and FEM governing equation for given compound-mode vibrator, and some valuable conclusions are obtained. The main work accomplished is summarized as follows: 1.Elaborate the main modeling methods for piezoelectric vibrator and the significance and necessity to study the dynamic characteristics of piezoelectric vibrator which emphasize the urgency of this paper. 2.Take the bending deformation induced by piezoelectric ceramic as example, the energy transfer mechanism of electric energy to mechanical energy are analyzed; the motion and force transfer mechanism are analyzed for the longitudinal-bending vibrator. 3.Based on mode assumption and Hamilton principle, the coupling model of piezoelectric vibrator of linear USM is built; moreover, the equivalent circuit model is obtained and a coupling equation represents the relation between electric parameters and mechanical parameters is derived which provides foundation to match the vibrator and driving circuit. 4.Combine the constitutive equation of piezoelectric ceramic with elastic-dynamical equation, geometric equation in force field and the Maxwell equation in electric field and the corresponding boundary condition equation, the FEM control equation for piezoelectric vibrator of USM to solve dynamic electro-mechanical coupling field is established by employing the principle of virtual displacement. The equation lays the foundation to study the non-linear constitutive equation of piezoelectric ceramic driven by high-power. 5.Define the dynamic indexes of characteristic of vibrator and carry out variable parameters simulation by calculating the model parameters and the electric characteristics of vibrator are simulated according to the equivalent circuit model. By numerical experimentation, the working mode of vibration of vibrator and the shock excitation results of the working frequency band which provides the mode frequency to realize bimodal are analyzed. Detailed calculation of the electro-mechanical coupling field parameters is made by programming the FEM control equation.

本课题从理论模型、有限元数值试验、有限元控制模型等方面以复合振动模式振子为例对超声电机压电振子的动力学特性及其分析方法进行了全面系统地研究，得出了许多有价值的结论，主要概括如下： 1、阐述了目前针对超声电机压电振子的主要建模方法，对压电振子动态特性的研究意义和必要性进行了论述，突出了本文研究内容的迫切性； 2、以压电陶瓷诱发弹性体发生弯曲变形为例，分析了压电陶瓷通过诱发应变来实现机电能量转换的机理；对基于纵弯模式的压电振子的运动及动力传递机理进行了分析； 3、基于模态假定，利用分析动力学的Hamilton原理，建立了面向直线超声电机压电振子的机电耦合动力学模型，并据此建立了压电振子的等效电路模型，导出了电参量与动力学特性参量的耦合方程，为压电振子与驱动电路的匹配提供了依据； 4、从压电陶瓷的本构方程出发，综合力场的弹性动力学方程、几何方程、电场的麦克斯韦方程以及相应的边界条件方程，采用虚位移原理，建立了压电振子动态问题机电耦合场求解的有限元控制方程，为研究其大功率驱动下的非线性本构模型奠定了基础； 5、界定压电振子的动力学特性指标，对压电振子的机电耦合动力学模型参数进行计算及变参数仿真；依据等效电路模型，对压电振子的电学特性进行了仿真分析；通过有限元数值实验，对压电振子工作模态附近的模态振型及工作频率附近的频段进行了激振效果分析，找出了实现模态简并的激振频率；利用有限元控制方程，通过编程计算，对压电振子的力电耦合场参数进行了详细计算，得出了一些有价值的结论。

The method utilizes an optical device which consists of polarization control elements and polarization beam splitting pieces for realizing the multi-switching of polarization or non-polarization light; in a position sequence, one polarization beam splitting piece is arranged on a main optical path at the back surface of each polarization control element, thereby commonly constituting a 'single-pole double-throw' optical switch with a controller; the controller changes the polarization state of input light beams by driving the polarization control elements according to the control logic, and the input light beams are switched to any one path on an output channel through the polarization beam splitting pieces, thereby completing the designated optical information processing function.

利用偏振控制元件和偏振分束片两种光学元件组成的光学装置实现偏振或非偏振光的多路切换；在位置序列上，每个偏振控制元件后面主光路上放置一块偏振分束片，并和控制器共同构成一个'单刀双掷'光开关；控制器按照控制逻辑驱动偏振控制元件改变输入光束的偏振态，并通过偏振分束片将输入光束切换到输出通道上的任何一路，来完成指定的光信息处理功能。

The phase of ω0 frequency fluctuates tempestuously. The resonance peaks of flexural and torsional vibrations response are present at 2/3ω0 1/2ω0 1/3ω0 and 1/4ω0 with three kinds cracked rotor models. Near 1/2ω0 frequency, quasi-periodic and chaotic motions maybe appear. Periodic, quasi-periodic and chaotic motions show on alternately when the rotating speed is near to 2/3ω0.Combined step-by-step integral method with traditional transfer matrix method, an increment transfer matrix method is put forward.

研究结果表明：各种故障情况下，华北电力大学博士学位论文弯振和扭振之间都存在祸合关系，但弯扭祸合振动一般不会威胁机组安全运行：在叶片丢失或滑环飞脱故障时，将产生很大的弯振，同时各转子扭振也将被激发出来，它以工倍频和前三阶固有频率为主；在各种电气故障情况下，各转子都很快被激励出较大幅值的扭振来，相应各转子弯振也发生一定的变化，但它的变化明显滞后于扭振，扭振和扭矩主要以前三阶固有频率为主。

The distribution of gear's contact stress, root stress, and contact engagement line in the engagement situation of gear pairs, were obtained on the base of explicit integration method. 3. Adopting the method of system matrix, the torsional vibration differential equation of general shafting was gained. The simple harmonic forms of excitation torque under the normal combustion or piston flameout of in-line engine and v-type engine were analysed. The decoupled algorithm of free vibration and forced vibration and the solution to the vibration damper's energy of resistance and the off-resonance calculation were studied. The sensitivity formulations of the natural frequency and vibration mode to physical parameters of system were derived by solving the eigenvalue problem. These sensitivity formulations provided the theoretical base for the dynamic modification of structure.

运用系统矩阵法建立了轴系的扭振微分方程，并对直列和V型发动机在正常发火和气缸熄火工况下的激振力矩进行了详细的简谐分析；基于精确方法推导了自由振动和强迫振动的解耦算法，给出了能量法计算中的减振器阻尼功求解和非共振计算方法；并研究了曲轴系扭振非线性分析中的变惯量问题，得到了单缸转动惯量的精确求解公式以及变惯量和固有频率的关系式；最后，从特征方程和振型正交性出发，推导了固有频率和振型对轴系转动惯量和刚度等物理参数的灵敏度，为扭振系统的结构动力学修改提供了理论基础。

Hung庄振also invest a lot of money bidding on all the "sub-floor, half" function re-positioning to small units mainly apartment and asked for the floor, designer body appearance, color design and high-grade transformation.

洪庄振还投入大量资金对所有投标的&分楼一半&功能重新定位，以小单位主要是公寓和要求发言，身体的外观设计，色彩设计和高品位的转变。

When left when the test-drive after repair in shop main engine is adding this ship to 540r/min, supercharger occurrence asthma brace up phenomenon, rotate speed lifts slightly again, noise shakes very big, smoke evacuation temperature is normal, hair of on the high side of temperature of air inlet duct is very hot, as good as of smoke evacuation smoke constant, supercharger rotor rotate speed and the rotate speed of right leader supercharger that work normally comparative. 2 breakdown analyse this model diesel engine supercharger breathes heavily brace up the reason has the following sides. Bearing of 1 supercharger rotor damages, bring about on the low side of supercharger rotor rotate speed or wave motion, make inadequacy of compressor part air feed and diesel engine and its demand do not match, bring about air current not to stabilize generation to breathe heavily brace up. 2 diesel engine offers oil, match gas to time forbid, match gas, draw well time and disorder, bring about supercharger to breathe heavily brace up. 3 supercharger nozzle jams, cause smoke evacuation not free, circumfluence of exhaust stroke waste gas, enter jackknife of new energy of life with the below one stroke that take energy of life, produce air current to hit generation to breathe heavily brace up. Canal of 4 smoke evacuation jams, smoke evacuation not free, bring about waste gas circumfluence, hit generation of new energy of life to breathe heavily brace up. 5 jams into gas mouth, enter gas inadequacy, generation breathes heavily brace up. 3 trouble removal are based on above analysis, adopt the following measure to remove trouble.

该舰在厂修后试车时左主机在加至540r/min时，增压器出现喘振现象，转速再略升高，声响震动很大，排烟温度正常，进气管温度偏高发烫，排烟烟色无异常，增压器转子转速和正常工作的右主机增压器转速相当。2故障分析该型柴油机增压器喘振的原因有以下几个方面。1增压器转子轴承损坏，导致增压器转子转速偏低或波动，使得压气机部分供气不足和柴油机及其需求不匹配，导致气流不稳定产生喘振。2柴油机供油、配气定时不准，配气、发火定时紊乱，导致增压器喘振。3增压器喷嘴堵塞，导致排烟不畅，排气冲程废气回流，和下一进气冲程进新气重叠，发生气流冲撞产生喘振。4排烟管堵塞，排烟不畅，导致废气回流，冲撞新气产生喘振。5进气口堵塞，进气不足，产生喘振。3故障排除基于以上分析，采取以下办法排除故障。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。