指标误差

According to the demand of high magnetic field power supply, reference is increased with a set ramp rate and stops at a set stable value, so reference system is composed of digital setting and digit to analog converting circuit. But the stability of reference is mostly guaranteed by the performance of D/A circuit, so D/A circuit is particularly studied in reference system. The scheme of D/A circuit, the selection of DAC and its voltage reference, hardware anti-jamming design and PCB design are discussed in detail, and software of remote control and PLC are discussed in brief. Zero-flux DC current transformer well satisfies the demands of the high stability of Load current detection unit, so the principle of zero-flux DC current transformer is analyzed; in the mean time a project which detects the long term stability is designed. During 8 hours, analog signal which is detected with high precision digit multimeter is recorded in computer at 1HZ frequency by GPIB communication. The drift error source and related parameters are explained in the compare-amplify part. Detailed subtraction circuit is designed; also amplifier chip and periphery components are selected and verified according to the theory of error analysis.

根据强磁场电源的需求，参考源应按照软件设定的斜率逐渐上升到设定稳态值，则参考源系统应由数字给定和数模转换电路两大部分组成，而参考源的稳定度主要依靠完成数模转换功能的模拟电路的性能来保证，因此本文对参考源系统的研究以数模转换电路为重点，分别从电路方案的确定、数模转换芯片及其基准电压源的选取和验证、电路板硬件抗干扰和PCB设计几方面进行了论述，然后对数字给定部分的远控组态和PLC程序设计作了简要介绍；采用零磁通原理的直流电流转换器很好地满足了对负载电流检测单元高稳定度的需求，本文详细分析了零磁通检测的原理，并在选定此种类型电流转换器的基础上设计了一套检测长期稳定度的方案，8小时内以1秒为采样周期，通过计算机Labview程序和高精度数字电压表的GPIB通讯，将被高精度数字电压表数字化后的模拟信号采样值连续记录至计算机中；比较放大环节简要阐述了漂移产生的原因和相关参数指标，确定了具体的减法电路形式，并根据误差分析理论对运算放大器和外围元器件进行了选取和验证。

By re-constructing the system, the residual error dynamic characteristics of unknown input and fault signals including unknown disturbances and modelling error are obtained. The energy norm indexes of disturbance and fault signals of residual error are selected separately to reflect the restraint of disturbance and the sensitivity of faults, and the design of fault detection observer is described as an optimization problem.

通过对系统进行重构，获取了包括未知扰动、建模误差等未知输入信号和故障信号的残差动态特性，分别选取残差的扰动信号和故障信号的能量范数指标来体现其对扰动的抑制作用和对故障的灵敏性，并将故障检测观测器的设计描述为一个优化问题。

Spatial data quality estimated by band model of error entropy is discussed in the article,and area is selected to be the measure index In the last the rationality is verified.

讨论了利用误差熵不确定带评价空间数据质量，并选择面积作为指标计算量，最后用实例说明了该方法的合理性和科学性。

With coupler embedded and acceleration sensitivity compensation design, the structure symmetry is insured, which can induce the acceleration sensitivity effectively. The acceleration sensitivity compensation design also improves the production efficiency of FOH for towed linear array application.2. A good theoretical simulation platform, utilizing the method of elastic mechanics and the finite element method, is established, which can provide an effect predictive design for FOH. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical analysises.3. Some key technology problems in the making of FOH for towed linear array application are conquered. The new developed FOH, with an acoustic sensitivity of -143.0dB, has acceleration sensitivity less than -30dB, which exceeded to results from other international reports.

本论文的主要成果和创新在于：1、提出了耦合器内嵌、带加速度灵敏度微调补偿的低加速度灵敏度光纤水听器结构，最大程度保证了工艺结构的对称性，实现了对工艺误差的有效补偿，提高了低加速度灵敏度光纤水听器研制的成品率。2、采用弹性力学和有限元方法建立了拖曳线列阵光纤水听器理论设计平台，实验与理论分析结果相一致，这为优化光纤水听器的结构设计提供了有效的技术手段。3、解决了拖曳线列阵用光纤水听器制造的关键技术问题，研制出声压灵敏度为-143.0dB，加速度灵敏度低于-30dB的拖曳线列阵用光纤水听器，其加速度灵敏度优于国际上已报导的结果，并在国防水声一级计量站对其进行了性能指标测试(来源：A14BC论文网www.abclunwen.com)。

The functional by variational calculus leads to a set of elliptic partial differential equations,in particular,Poisson equations,which is possibly solved by numerical methods.

利用变分法可以从这个二次误差指标函数导出一组椭圆形偏微分方程泊松方程，这类方程有相当成熟的数值解法。

Methods and results We assume the carotid arterial wall is the elastic material so we can use the Hooke's law to analyze it. The experiment is based on the use of ultrasound B-mode imaging technique and the off-line image analysis. Elastic tube phantom experiments demonstrated the validity of the technique, providing the size of the tube within 3% of the actual values. The system was also tested in the common carotid arteries of 10 healthy males (age 23.6 y). According to the experimental result, it shows that our index is less variant than Peterson's elastic modulus. The results of and are and respectively.

根据橡皮管的体外实验结果，利用超音波以及影像分析所得到的橡皮管尺寸，与实际尺寸间的误差只有3%，而使用超音波 B-mode 量测颈动脉的实验结果显示，在把颈动脉当作完全弹性体的假设下，所得到的 CIMT 硬度指标，於十位平均年龄为23.6岁的年轻健康男性中，结果与过去文献中常使用的 Peterson's elastic modulus 相比较，结果显示容易受到不同受试者间，不同的生理状态之影响，而在考虑受试者的 IMT 变化情况下，比能够反映更多的受试者颈动脉材料性质，因此得到了较为稳定的实验结果。

For the ill conditioned load flow caused by the error produced in the transformation from electricity quantities to average power, direct current load flow and sensitivity vector are presented to find out the ill node, then by adjusting the load curve and generation curve in a certain principle, which is shown in detail with several flow charts, a new operation mode is reestablished to ensure the convergence of the calculation. Optimal multiplier method is proposed to work out the least square solution according to ill conditioned structural power network. The electricity quantities flow method enhances the reliability and accuracy of the calculation of the power transmission losses.

该方法可根据当前输电网中各个变电站24小时的电量记录，利用电量潮流计算对输电网总线损和各条线路损耗进行计算，使计算的精度满足降损措施分析和指标考核的要求；并且对于由负荷出力曲线转化成平均功率计算潮流时引入的误差，进而导致潮流计算不收敛的情况，采用直流潮流法，依据相角对有功功率的灵敏度向量判断出"网络异常点"，并且给出了解决此种情况的方法流程图；针对结构病态的电力系统潮流计算不收敛的情况，运用非线性约束优化方法中的最优乘子法求解潮流方程的最小二乘解，从而解决了电量潮流法计算理论线损时的收敛性问题，增强了该方法的适用性。

Therefore, the authors suggested that a coefficient of correction for correcting height index measurement error should be established when the height is measured in the afternoon, so as to enhance measurement efficiency and measurement objectivity.

青少年身高在一日中发生变化，因此，在下午测量时，为了提高测试效率及测量的客观性，建议制定修正身高指标测量误差的系数。

The design of fuzzy H(subscript ∞) filter is based on T-S fuzzy model, which assures asymptotic stability and prescribed H(subscript ∞) index for the error filtering system.

模型H H滤波器的设计建立在T-S模糊模型上并能确保滤波误差系统的渐近稳定和给定的H H性能指标。

The closed-loop bandwidth of the system reaches 10Hz which assures the error of amplitude less than ±10% and the lag of phase less than 10°.

系统的性能指标达到幅值误差在±10%以内、相位滞后小于10°时，闭环频宽为10Hz。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。