指标

An integral square performance criterion containing tracking error and control energy was defined. Spectral factorization to minimizing the performance index for different systems was applied and corresponding parameter tuning methods of PID controller was derived, which could be used to obtain optimal control performance under control energy constraint.

定义了一个包含跟踪误差和控制能量在内的积分平方性能指标，针对不同系统运用谱分解的方法最小化该性能指标，从而导出相应的PID控制器的参数整定方法，可使系统在控制能量约束条件下具有最优的控制性能。

To avoid this, a robustness index is proposed as a replacement for the gain margin. Optimal controller design is the achievable by minimizing a designated error integral criterion for a load disturbance subject to inequality constraints on phase margin and the new robustness index.

因此，本文提出一强韧性指标来取代传统的增益边距，最佳强健控制器即可在相位边距和此指标的不等式限制下，透过将负载扰动产生之特定误差积分最小化来取得。

In the second place, this paper uses the financial data reported by China's private listed companies and statistical analysis skills to test the theories and hypotheses. The research collects all required data from 2000 to 2002, examines the profit ability, the gain ability, the repay ability, and the cost control ability for all sampling listed companies by using Paired-Samples T test in the quantitative analysis section. The results show that these listed companies'profit decreases, income increases, repay ability enhances after the companies go public. Finally the paper takes the non-operating expenses as the illustrating index for the cost control capability of the companies to demonstrate that there is an obvious increase of non-operating expenses after getting great amount of money in IPO, in this sense it can be stated that there is the intendancy of low capital utility rate in private companies.

研究选用了描述性统计分析方法对样本企业IPO前后时段的财务指标进行了对比考查，并运用配对样本t检验方法进行了显著性检验，研究结果表明民营企业在IPO前后的盈利水平总体上是显著下降的；同时研究也显示虽然获利水平出现了小幅上升，但这是由于企业通过IPO融资增加了投资规模导致的；企业的偿债能力在IPO之后有明显的好转；研究最后以营业外支出作为企业成本控制能力的解释指标，发现企业在IPO上市融得大量资金后对主营业务以外的支出有明显的增多，可以判断民营企业存在资本利用效率低下的现象。

Combining the experimental results and theoretical analysis, the following work has been accomplished.(1) Reasons of the decrease of interelectrode capacitance and the increase of discharge gap caused by the powder suspended in dielectric fluid are explained. And the mechanism that surface quality of workpiece improved by powder-mixed EDM is analyzed from this viewpoint.(2) The variation regularity of the percentage of silicon on the machined surface of workpiece has been summarized according to the experiment results when silicon powder was added into the working fluid. The entropy is introduced to explain the reasons for this variation regularity by thermodynamics.(3) The dimensional accuracy is greatly influenced by the overcut resulting from discharge gap and electrode wear in practice application. Empirical formulas for the overcut in EDM and powder-mixed EDM are established based on the experimental results using the ternary linear regressive method in this paper.(4) The influence of main factors on the machined surface characteristics has been evaluated based on the orthogonal experimental design method.

通过一系列普通电火花加工与混粉电火花加工的对比实验，运用工艺实验和理论分析相结合的方法，重点做了以下工作：(1)探讨了粉末颗粒导致极间电容减小、放电间隙增大的原因，并从这个角度解释了混粉电火花加工可以改善工件表面质量的机理；(2)以混合硅粉的电火花加工为例，实验得出峰值电流和脉冲宽度对加工表面层成分中硅元素含量的影响规律，并引入熵的概念从热力学的角度对硅元素含量变化的原因寻找了理论依据；(3)在实际加工中，由于粉末的加入使放电间隙变大，这使得混粉电火花加工的尺寸精度难以控制，本文利用三元线性回归的方法，在实验数据的基础上，建立了两种电火花加工过切量的计算公式；(4)将正交试验法应用于混粉电火花加工实验研究，并通过对实验指标极差的直观分析，得出各电参数对加工指标影响的敏感程度。

We investigated the clinical and genetic sources of interindividual variability in serum CRP.

我们探讨临床指标和基因指标在由个体差异引起的C-反应蛋白不同水平中的意义。

The research employs three variable VAR systems and the result shows that in different regions the causality of scale and efficiency index between financial intermediation and economic growth is different because of the differentials of regional economic development. Finally, the authors suggest that the financial intermedia...

通过运用多变量VAR系统的研究表明：金融中介的规模指标和效率指标与经济增长在各地区间的因果关系不一致，这与地区间经济发展水平的差异有直接关系，中西部地区的金融中介机构为更好地促进本地区经济增长应该扩大对非国有企业的贷款。

The dicreasing rate of main pests in interplant and mixture sowing fields were between 11.4%-81.4%and 20.9%-76.0%, respectively.

100%和 56.7%？100%。间作只有豆天蛾和蛴螬可达防治指标，同穴混播田仅豆天蛾达防治指标。

The result indicated that,various agricultural production condition modernization target and the total agricultural output value interrelatedness had all achieved the remarkable level,showed various targets all have the obvious ...

结果表明，各农业生产条件现代化指标与农业总产值的关联度都达到了显著水平，说明各指标对农业经济的发展都有明显的影响作用。

The results showed that this method was intuitional, scientific and impersonal, and could avoid disadvantage of subjectivity which existed in traditional basic farmland distribution.

结果表明，用这种方法进行基本农田指标分解具有直观、科学和客观的特点，克服了以往基本农田指标分解中主观性较强的缺点。

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Variables as followings were measures: blood routine examination indexes, blood sedimentation, lactic acid dehydrogenase, C reactive protein, lymphocyte proportion, reticulocyte, mean corpuscular volume, febrile, hemorrhage, arthralgia, intumescence, edema and erythra. RESULTS: A total of 92 patients (86%) developed diseases of the hematopoietic system.

主要观察指标：考察变量为血常规3项、血沉、乳酸脱氢酶、C反应蛋白、淋巴细胞比例、网织红细胞、平均红细胞体积、发热、出血、骨关节痛、肿大、水肿及皮疹等15项指标。

I am accused of being overreligious," she said in her quiet, frank manner,"but that does not prevent me thinking the children very cruel who obstinately commit such suicide.""

客人们在卡罗利娜·埃凯家里，举止就文雅一些，因为卡罗利娜的母亲治家很严厉。

Designed by French fashion house Herm è s, this elegant uniform was manufactured in our home, Hong Kong, and was the first without a hat.

由著名品牌 Herm è s 设计，这件高贵的制服是香港本土制造，是我们第一套不配帽子的制服。