拱壁

Why didn't the plow, for instance, or backstrap looms, or the buttressarch, or any number of thousands of ancient inventions spread to all parts of the world once they had been refined?

比方说，为什么犁、腰机（最古老的一种织布机——译者注）、拱壁以及其他数以千计的古代发明在它们被完善之后没有传播到世界其他地方呢？

The article finally through analyzing of the Zhejiang YiwuBinwang bridge temperature load, obtained the CFST arch bridge temperature stress rules with the temperature load which is including from top to bottom and from margin to core of arch-rib when the temperature value、 steel pipe wall thickness value and marking value of concrete change. The rule is that the axial force、 bending moment, as well as the shearing force elevates along with the change of temperature increases, so the control section stress which is linear relationship is. The article further proved the change of steel pipe wall thickness and marking value of concrete is not remarkable influence on temperature stress and internal force of arch ribs control section.

文章最后通过对浙江义乌宾王大桥温度荷载分析，得出了在由上至下和由周边向核心呈梯度变化的温度荷载作用下钢管混凝土拱桥结构应力随温度值、钢管壁厚值和混凝土标号值变化时的规律，即：轴力、弯矩以及剪力随着温度变化值增大而增大；钢管混凝土拱桥主拱肋的控制截面应力值亦随之增大，基本呈线性关系；并通过计算论证了拱肋各截面应力、内力值同钢管壁厚的变化、核心混凝土标号变化无关。

In the process of design in, look for the most reasonable arch rib cross section, arch axis coefficient, arch ring wall thickness is the valve key of design.

在设计过程中，寻找最合理的拱肋断面、拱轴系数、拱圈壁厚是设计的关键。

It is embodied concretely:(1) With the adoption of grouting bolts, the cranny in wall rocks can be blocked up, the air can be isolated, the wall rocks can be prevented to be weatherized and make water, the strength of wall rocks can also be avoided to be lowered;(2) The lax broken wall rocks are commentated to a whole by liquid after they were grouted and the rock"s strength is increased, so the wall rocks become a part of the support structure by using itself and become a whole with the original rock, and the roadway is made to keep stable but not easy to be broken;(3) The spray layer wall are filled with liquid after grouting, the stress is avoided to be concentrated because the load could be evenly acted on the spray layer and the support;(4) The pressure acted on the plank can be delivered to the two sidepieces and then to the bottom by reinforcing the sidepiece; At the same time, the concentration degree of loads acted on the motherboard can be weaken because of the enlargement of the combination arch"s thickness, as result, the rock"s stress is lowered and the heaving is alleviated;(5) The common bolt is made to be fixed the whole length after grouting, the layers are connected to a integral whole and bear the weight of loads, so the support structure"s unity is increased.

具体体现在：(1)采用注浆锚杆注浆，可以利用浆液封堵围岩裂隙，隔绝空气，防止围岩风化，且能防止淋水和渗水，避免围岩被水浸湿而降低围岩的本身强度及造成的巷道变形。(2)注浆后浆液将松散破碎的围岩胶结成整体，提高了岩体强度，实现利用围岩本身作为支护结构的一部分，且与原岩形成一个整体，使巷道保持稳定而不易产生破坏；(3)注浆后使得喷层壁后充填密实，保证荷载能均匀地作用在喷层和支护上，避免出现应力集中点而首先破坏；(4)注浆后使作用在顶板上的压力能有效地传递到两帮，通过对帮的加固，又能把荷载传递到底板；同时由于组合拱厚度的加大，这样又能减小作用在底板上的荷载集中度，从而减小底板岩石中的应力，减轻底臌；(5)注浆加固后能使普通端锚锚杆实现全长锚固，它们共同将多层组合拱连成一体，共同承载，提高了支护结构的整体性。

As when some mighty wave that thunders on the beach when the west wind has lashed it into fury- it has reared its head afar and now comes crashing down on the shore; it bows its arching crest high over the jagged rocks and spews its salt foam in all directions- even so did the serried phalanxes of the Danaans march steadfastly to battle.

正如巨浪击打涛声震响的海滩，西风卷起峰尖，一浪接着一浪地冲刷，先在海面上扬起水头，然后飞泻下来，冲荡着滩沿，声如滚雷，水波拱卷，对着突兀的岩壁击撞，迸射出四溅的浪花，达奈人的队伍，一队接着一队，蜂拥而至，开赴战场；各位首领统带着自己的

Jane covered with tile-ridge, with Qian Yan Gallery, Yan Zhu 4, 7 brackets, known as the "hidden carved brackets", was recorded on the early history of the "arch buttress" the example of the kind, Taiyuan only one example of this.

覆以简瓦素脊，前檐带廊，檐柱四根，斗拱七朵，俗称&隐刻斗拱&，是早期史籍上记载的&扶壁拱&的实物例证，太原仅此一例。

Based on structure calculation of the pool wall,the top-cover of thin brick shell ,pull beam and base plate of underground round-arch single-well-head thin brick shell ,the paper proves that such a structure can bear load well and safely.

通过对地下圆拱式单井口砖薄壳的池壁、砖薄壳顶盖及拉梁和底板进行受力分析和结构计算，阐明了该种结构是一种受力合理、安全可靠的结构

Although there is a prominent curving couloir skirting the buttress on the left, the Russians chose to tackle a direct and far more difficult line up the center.

虽然这里有一个突起的冰雪沟槽从左边连接着拱壁，俄罗斯人选择对付这条直上更难的路线直达拱壁。

8150M. Although there is a prominent curving couloir skirting the buttress on the left, the Russians chose to tackle a direct and far more difficult line up the center.

虽然这里有一个突起的冰雪沟槽从左边连接着拱壁，俄罗斯人选择对付这条直上更难的路线直达拱壁。

The straight distance from arch apex to posterior wall and ante...

上半规管拱峰与内听后壁的直线距离为(7.03±0.26)mm(6.01~7.85mm)，距前壁为(14.44±0.76)mm(12.03~15.77mm)。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。