拜占庭

The Byzantine litanies, the service of the Ptoskomide and other elements were introduced into the Greek Alexandrine Rite before the twelfth or thirteenth centuries; so also in Syria and Palestine the Melchites admitted a number of Byzantine elements into their services Charon, op.

拜占庭litanies表示，有关服务的ptoskomide及其他犯罪分子被引入到希腊亚历山大成年礼之前第十二或十三世纪，所以也是在叙利亚和巴勒斯坦melchites承认若干拜占庭内容纳入服务（上述特性，作品引文中， 9月25日）。

In AD 330, King Marian III's acceptance of Christianity ultimately tied the kingdom to the neighboring Byzantine Empire, which exerted a strong cultural influence for several centuries 希腊神话中, Colchis 是 Apollonius Rhodius 所作史诗巨著 Argonautica

公元330年，该王国的玛利亚三世宣布承认基督教，并将王国并入邻近的拜占庭帝国，此后几个世纪拜占庭帝国的文化就一直影响着格鲁吉亚。

The function of Byzantine in the transition from ancient music to western ecclesiastical music is not incidental.

里斯在《中世纪音乐》中把拜占庭、叙利亚和犹太音乐传统之和视为西方宗教音乐的共同源头并不为过，拜占庭音乐能够充当古代音乐遗产向西方宗教音乐发展的桥梁并不是历史的偶然，因此，了解拜占庭音乐并且用辨正唯物主义的观点重新审视拜占庭音乐，特别是拜占庭基督教音乐在世界音乐发展史中的作用是极其有意义的。

The first part is the retrospection of course, which foreign musicologist study Byzantine music .

本文以拜占庭音乐和颂诗史为逻辑起点，第一部分可概括为拜占庭音乐研究之研究，是对国际拜占。。。

In the sixth century, Hypatia's panel painting became Byzantium's battle icon, the picture to paralyze the enemy with a terrifying gaze. With such miraculous signs and symbols how could the Byzantines ever lose?

第六世纪时，海佩西亚的画像变成拜占庭的战徽，该画像犀利的目光足以瘫痪敌人，有了这么神奇的符号与象征，拜占庭怎么可能输？

Well trained and disciplined troops used throughout the Byzantine Empire, these Lancers are well armoured and equipped.

拜占庭枪骑兵是训练有素、军纪严明的职业部队，装备精良，属於拜占庭常备骑兵。

Well trained and disciplined troops used throughout the Byzantine Empire, these Lancers are well armoured and equipped.

拜占庭枪骑兵是训练有素、军纪严明的职业部队，装备精良，属于拜占庭常备骑兵。

Theres still controversy about the concept and border of BC. In this essay, I will mainly focus on the East Roman Church in the Medieval Byzantine Empire, especially the church of Constantinople. Sometimes, I would also mention the period after the capture of Constantinople (1453), and the people whose music accept some influence of BC.

学界对拜占庭圣咏的概念和界定尚存争议，本文对拜占庭圣咏的研究主要集中在中世纪拜占庭帝国时期，说希腊语的东罗马帝国教会中所使用的宗教仪式音乐，同时，对拜占庭帝国灭亡(1453年)后的拜占庭圣咏，以及拜占庭周围受其影响地区的圣咏传统加以适当关照。

According the data I command, I will divide the essay into such sections. Through the description of "Byzantine Empire and Church","the Develop of BC","Liturgy of Byzantine Church","MS of BC","Notation","Mode of BC","the Influence of BC", Ill try to draw a general picture of this music.

笔者根据所掌握的学界现有的研究成果，从&拜占庭帝国与教会&、&拜占庭圣咏的发展过程&、&拜占庭教会的礼拜仪式&、&记载拜占庭圣咏相关的书籍手稿&、&拜占庭记谱法&、&拜占庭音乐调式体系&以及&拜占庭圣咏的影响&等几个方面入手，对拜占庭时期圣咏音乐的概貌做一个大概的描述。

Why was Constantinople's name changed to Istanbul?The city was founded as Byzantium by the Greeks around the 8th century BCE; in 330 CE, the emperor Constantine I made it the capital of the Byzantine Empire and renamed it Constantinople after himself.

公元前8世纪希腊人建立了这个城市，当时称为拜占庭；公元330年，君士坦丁大帝一世把这座城市设为拜占庭帝国的首都，同时以自己的名字将该城改名为君士坦丁堡。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。