拓扑结构

Complex based non manifold modeling generates topology framework of an object.

以代数拓扑中的复形为基础的非流形造型的作用是生成物体的拓扑框架，既可以表示CAD的物体，更适合表示具有复杂拓扑结构的自然物体。

Based on theanalysis of topology structure of parallel mechanisms and using differential topology anddifferential manifolds as mathematical tools, we propose a new classification method. Thismethod classifies singularities of parallel mechanisms into two basic types, i.e. topologysingularity and parameterization singularity. This kind of classification has clear physical andmathematical meaning and fully reveals the characteristic of configuration space of parallelmechanisms.

采用微分拓扑和微分流形等现代数学工具，在对并联机构位形空间的拓扑结构进行分析的基础上，提出了一种新的奇异位形的分类方法，即把奇异位形分为拓扑奇异位形、参数化奇异位形两种类型，这种分类方法充分体现了并联机构位形空间的特点，具有十分明确的物理和数学意义。

This method combined the traceroute result with the topology information obtained by tomography to construct a final topology using minimum similarity cluster algorithm and merging and constructing anonymous routers algorithm.the simulation on ns2 shows that this method not only be able to infer the network topology which contains uncooperative routers, but also enormously reduce the number of probes.

该方法可通过提出的最小相似度聚类算法和匿名节点构造归并算法，将网络层析成像获得的拓扑信息与traceroute探测结果融合，构成最终的拓扑结构。ns2的仿真表明，该方法不仅可识别包含不协作节点的网络拓扑，且所使用的探测包的数量也大大减少。

It can be followed adaptively to the change of network topology and transferred the complicated radial network into simple trunk network set. Dynamic topology logic equivalent decoupling and subarea is realized by the dynamic topology analysis under the normal network operation condition. It can reduce the fault disposal time availably. The problem of fault analysis disposal is simplified and the efficiency of problem solving is improved.

它能自适应跟踪网络拓扑结构变化，将复杂的辐射网的故障分析处理问题转化为简单的树干网集合的形式，拓扑逻辑等效解耦与分区是在网络正常运行状况下进行动态拓扑分析实现，可有效节省故障处理的时间，简化了故障分析处理问题，提高了问题的求解效率。

Structure-Based Approximation Learning Theory: Under the description of manifold and topological architecture of neural field, we have proposed a learning frameworks of neural networks based on global architecture approximation theory borrowed from the concept of topology and manifold to solve the optimal problems of learning in non-nonlinear and non-Euclidean space, and discussed a few basic components of the learning theory, learning mechanism and learning algorithm in the term of structure-based approximation and global structure analysis.

基于结构的逼近学习理论：通过人工神经网络模型神经场的流形结构和拓扑结构描述，我们提出了在非线性和非欧氏空间中基于整体结构逼近的神经场学习理论框架；用对偶流形理论和拓扑概念作为工具，讨论了神经网络的学习理论、学习机理、学习算法和算法的具体实现。

In this paper we study mainly the topological structures of some invariant sets and entropy of continuous self-maps on Warsaw circle and unstable mainifold s and entropy of continuous self-maps on a tree.

本文主要研究了华沙圈上连续自映射的一些不变集的拓扑结构、拓扑熵和树上连续自映射的非稳定流形和拓扑熵等某些动力性质。

In this paper we study mainly the topological structures of some invariant sets and entropy of continuous self-maps on Warsaw circle and unstable mainifolds and entropy of continuous self-maps on a tree.

中文摘要：本文主要研究了华沙圈上连续自映射的一些不变集的拓扑结构、拓扑熵和树上连续自映射的非稳定流形和拓扑熵等某些动力性质。

In terms of the topological invariant in Riemann-Cartan spacetime proposed by Prof. Duan and the φ-mapping topological current theory, we gave the cosmic strings with the complex scalar field and showed that the strings appear in the zeroes of the scalar field. Meanwhile one can find that the length of cosmic strings is quantized in the topological level and the quantum number is determined by Hopf indices and Brouwer degrees.

以段一士教授提出的Riemann-Cartan流形中的新拓扑不变量为基础研究了宇宙弦的拓扑结构，指出宇宙弦只能存在于复标量场的零点处，而且在拓扑层面上是量子化的，而该量子数决定于Hopf指数和Brouwer度。

Coordinate sequence method is made up of the instruct information of polygon boundary x, y coordinate. It is the easiest polygon vector encoding method. The file structure of this method is easy, but because of the polygon boundary has stored two times, it will produce data redundancy, moreover, short of neighbor threshold information; Tree index encoding method make all the boundary points digitizing, store the coordinate sequence, connect the point index to boundary line, and then connect the line index to other polygons, so as to the tree index structure has came into being. It eliminates neighbor polygons boundary data redundancy problems; Topology structure encoding method is a method which by setting up a complete topology relationship structure, resolve the neighbor threshold and island information process problem. However, it makes arithmetic more complicated and makes database bigger.

坐标序列法是由多边形边界的x，y坐标对集合及说明信息组成，是最简单的一种多边形矢量编码法，文件结构简单，但多边形边界被存储两次产生数据冗余，而且缺少邻域信息；树状索引编码法是将所有边界点进行数字化，顺序存储坐标对，由点索引与边界线号相联系，以线索引与各多边形相联系，形成树状索引结构，消除了相邻多边形边界数据冗余问题；拓扑结构编码法是通过建立一个完整的拓扑关系结构，彻底解决邻域和岛状信息处理问题的方法，但增加了算法的复杂性和数据库的大小。

The core thought of retiform topology discovery algorithm is penetration strategy based secondary source routing topology discovery algorithm, which has greatly improved the discovery probability of boundary router, furthermore, has improved the fraction of coverage of the whole topology discovery.

其中网状拓扑结构发现算法核心思想是基于穿透策略的二次源路由拓扑发现算法，其优点在于大大提高了边界路由器的发现概率，进而增大了整个拓扑发现的覆盖率。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。