拉裂

This dissertation was focused on the research about the formation and evolution of NQB from the Late Triassic to the early middle Epoch of Jurassic Period, including integrated analyzing the characteristic of the key stratigraphic surfaces, the time of the key stratigraphy, regional rock straigraphy, biostratigraphy and chronostratigraphy, sedimentary system and depositional facies. On basis of these analysis, a tectonic evolution model have been established for NQB during from the Late Triassic to the early middle Epoch of Jurassic Period.1. After the systematic surface analysis about main stratigraphy units, we found that:(1) the bottom of Xiaochaka formation was comformity with the middle Triassic in the basin, and in the north margin it was deposited and overlapped on the different period stratigraphy before Triassic.(2) The top surface of Xiaochaka formation developed regionally karst and paleo-karst breccia, and was uncomformity with Nadigangri Formation, these things suggest that NQB in Xiaochaka depositing stage was developed from middle Triassic basin, and then an extensive regression occurred, the deposition was over and erosion come into being.(3) The lithologic assemblage, geochemistry, mixed fossils, and stratigraphy overlapping characteristic of Quemocuo Formation in early middle Jurassic indicted that the uncomformity surface was an extension-unconformity.2. Integrated analysis about stratigraphy division and correlation indicted that:(1) the paleontologic assemblage of Xiaochaka formation show its time was Carian -Norian stage of late Triassic. According to it was overlapped by late Triassic Nadigangri Formation, so Xiaochaka formation should be Carian - early Norian stage.(2) the SHRIMP Zircon U-Pb age of Nadigangri formation volcanic rocks wear vary form 216 to 205 Ma, so its time should be Norian, but maybe extended into Rhaetian Stage.(3) The age of its bottom volcanic rocks, the fossil assemblages of its middle and upper members and overlapped by lower Jurassic, indicted the age of Riganpeicuo Formation was Norian - Rhaetian stage. And the same time, the volcanic rocks geochemistry of Nadigangri and Riganpeicuo formation both reflected that they wear formed in rift tectonic settings. The lower lithologic and surface characteristic, fossil assemblages and its upper maybe was conformity with lower Jurassic, all reflected that the age of Tumengela Formation in Tumen area should be Norian - Rhaetian stage.

论文对晚三叠世—中侏罗世早期盆地的形成与演化开展了研究，包括关键地层界面特征分析、关键地层时代归属分析、区域岩石地层、生物地层和年代地层的综合对比分析、区域沉积体系与沉积相分析、岩相古地理分析，最终建立晚三叠世—中侏罗世早期羌塘盆沉积—构造动力演化模式。1、系统的对各地层单元的界面分析发现：(1)肖茶卡组底界在盆地内部与中三叠统整合关系，在盆地北缘为沉积超覆于不同时代的前三叠系之上：(2)肖茶卡组顶界面发育古岩溶角砾岩，与上覆那底岗日组为岩溶不整合接触，说明肖茶卡组沉积时期的羌塘盆地是在早中三叠世的盆地基础发展起来的，后期出现了广泛的海退事件，使盆地结束沉积并遭受风化剥蚀作用；(3)中侏罗统雀莫错组的岩性组合特征、岩石化学特征、古生物化石混积和地层的沉积超覆现象均表现出裂陷环境下形成的伸展不整合面的特征。2、综合地层划分与对比分析认为：(1)肖茶卡组古生物化石组合反映其时代为晚三叠世卡尼期—若利期，根据其上被上三叠统那底岗日组不整合覆盖，将其时代厘定为卡尼期—若利期早期；(2)那底岗日组火山岩SHRIMP锆石U-Pb年龄在216～205 Ma之间，其时代主要为若利期，可能包含有瑞替期：(3)日干配错组底部火山岩的年龄、中上部化石组合及其被下侏罗统整合覆盖，综合反映的时代为晚三叠世若利期—瑞替期，而且那底岗日组火山岩和日干配错组火山岩的地球化学成分分析反映两者均为引张构造背景下的产物；土门地区的土门各拉组的下部岩性及界面特征、化石组合和上部可能被下侏罗统整合覆盖，综合反映其时代为若利期—若利期。

Therefore,test and research on subgrade treatment of cataclastic expansive rock,retaining and protection of high cut slope in crushing and weak rock,and new retaining structure types of high embankment slope,such as piles-plate wall of prestressed anchor wire,reinforced earth retaining wall of new type straps,are conduc.

对此，开展了碎裂膨胀岩路基边坡处理、破碎软岩路堑高边坡挡护和路堤高边坡新型支挡结构(锚拉式桩板墙，新型拉筋加筋土挡土墙)等项结合工程的科研试验，取得突出成果，为南昆铁路的顺利建成和安全运营提供了科学依据。

It is well known that retinal pigment epithelial cells are predominant proliferative cells in PVR which is an excessively wound healing response occurring after RPE cell wounding. The activated RPE cells migrate from their normal, sessile state to vitreous and onto both surfaces of the retina, in which they begin to dedifferentiate, migrate, proliferate, change phenotype and secrete ECM.

既往研究证明视网膜色素上皮(retinal pigmentepithelial，RPE)细胞是参与PVR的主要细胞，PVR是视网膜脱离后RPE细胞损伤的一种自我修复过程，是一种过度的眼内创伤修复反应；RPE细胞在正常位置上处于静止状态，而在某些病理条件下，如视网膜裂孔形成和视网膜脱离后，RPE细胞脱离原位，开始去分化、移行、增生、发生表型转化并分泌胶原等ECM，最终在视网膜前后表面和玻璃体内形成具有收缩能力的增生膜，造成牵拉性视网膜脱离。

Based on the petroleum system division of our predecessors, the petroleum systems of Chinese marine basin s can be divided into six types, that is, the aulacogen and its succeeding syneclise, the craton basin, the craton peripheral subsidence basin, the foreland basin, the strike slip basin and the epicontinental fault basin petroleum system.

该文在总结前人油气系统分类的基础上，将中国海相盆地油气系统划分为 6种类型，分别为坳拉槽及其后期的台向斜油气系统、克拉通盆地油气系统、克拉通周边沉降盆地油气系统、前陆盆地油气系统、走滑盆地油气系统和陆缘裂陷盆地油气系统。

Traditional block has the construction requirements of constructional column, tensile inarch bar, castinplace concrete ring beam, and it is diffic ul t for construction and to assure the construction quality, moreover, the period is long. However, the core column and beam of new concrete hollow block with mac roporous lightweight aggregate adopt Ushape block to instead of traditional te c hniques. This technology reduces the process of formwork and binding reinforceme nt, and has the characteristics of convenient operation, rapid construction spee d, strong crack resistance, lower cost, and good insulation properties, and so o n.

摘要］ 传统的砌块有构造柱、拉结筋、现浇混凝土圈梁等施工要求，施工难度大、施工工期长、且施工质量不容易得到保证；新型材料大孔轻集料混凝土空心砌块芯柱以及芯梁采用 U形砌块代替传统工艺要求，减少了支模、绑扎钢筋等工序，还具有使用方便，施工速度快，抗裂性强、节约成本、保温绝热性能好等施工优点。

In the East there existed from the earliest times or at least from the outbreak of the Novatianist schism a functionary known as presbyter penitentiarius, i, e, a priest especially appointed on account of his prudence and reserve to hear confessions and impose public penance.

在东部地区存在着从最早的时候（ sozomen ，他在七，第十六章），或至少是从爆发的novatianist裂（苏格拉底，他的，五，十九）职务之称为presbyter penitentiarius ，我，电子商务，一位牧师特别是任命到他的谨慎和储备，以听取口供，并强加给公众忏悔。

The Cenozoic of the deep-water basin in the north of the South China Sea is the passive continent margin which has the continent marginal characteristic of being tensionally rifted. It is favorable for the formation of deep\|water reservoirs and gas hydrate.

南海北部深水盆地新生代处于准被动大陆边缘的区域地质背景，具有北部拉张裂陷的大陆边缘性质，其凹陷裂陷深、沉积充填规模巨大，不仅有利于深水油气藏的形成，而且亦是天然气水合物形成与分布的有利区域。

Pacific plate subduction was dominated in study area since late Jurassic, stress regime was then transited from compression into extension associated with the steepening of subduction angel and retreat of subduction zone ocean inward; due to the difference in basement properties, extensional rifting basins dominated by depression basins developed within the Yangtze block, while volcanic faulting bounded basins for the Cathaysia block, and a series of red faulting bounded basins with half graben shape for the areas within the boundary zone between these two blocks.

晚侏罗世以后，太平洋板块对研究区的影响占主导地位，随着俯冲角度的变陡和俯冲带向洋的后撤，全区由挤压为主转变为以拉张为主的应力环境，由于基底属性有所差异，在扬子地块区域形成以拗陷盆地为主的伸展裂陷盆地，在华夏地块区域形成了火山断陷盆地，而在两大地块边界附近，则形成了一系列半地堑式的红色断陷盆地。

Based on the analysis of the main failures discovered in pavement on steel deck plate and the demanding service condition of the pavement on steel deck,high-temperature rutting test,low-temperature bending test and controlled stress flexural fatigue test are used to study the performance of asphalt mixtures modified by epoxy resin including high-temperature stability,low-temperature cracking-resistance,and fatigue cracking-resistance,which are served to evaluate the modification effect of epoxy resin of different contents.

文摘：在分析钢桥面铺装层主要病害和特殊工作环境的前提下，分别采用高温车辙试验、低温小梁弯曲试验和控制应力小梁弯拉疲劳试验，研究了不同环氧树脂掺量下的环氧树脂改性沥青混合料的高温稳定性、低温抗裂性和抗疲劳性能。

Based on the analysis of the main failures discovered in pavement on steel deck plate and the demanding service condition of the pavement on steel deck,high-temperature rutting test,low-temperature bending test and controlled stress flexural fatigue test are used to study the performance of asphalt mixtures modified by epoxy resin including high-temperature stability,low-temperature cracking-resistance,and fatigue cracking-resistance,which are served to evaluate the modification effect of epoxy resin of different contents.

在分析钢桥面铺装层主要病害和特殊工作环境的前提下，分别采用高温车辙试验、低温小梁弯曲试验和控制应力小梁弯拉疲劳试验，研究了不同环氧树脂掺量下的环氧树脂改性沥青混合料的高温稳定性、低温抗裂性和抗疲劳性能。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。