拉伸断裂

As the caprylic aldehyde content increased,strain at break and tensile strength were decreased.

拉伸强度和断裂伸长率均随辛醛含量的增加而降低。

The gaseous impurities in the alloys were well controlled with the sum of C, N and O less than 500wppm. For the first time it was found the strong interaction between Cr-Ti-CON, which reduces the mobility of Ti and CON, enhancing high-temperature strength and the aging-hardening property, and keeping the cold-work induced hardening at higher temperature. Aging-hardening could increase the tensile strength of V-4Cr-4Ti by 30% and could be utilized at 00 C for better economical performane of a vanadium structure. Hydrogen release will occur for the alloys tensile loaded at room temperature, which will affect the safety of a vanadium structure due to the resulting dimensional instability. For hydrogen embrittlement, impact toughness and fracture toughness of the alloy showed higher sensitivity than the tensile test elongation,so the toughness should be used as a new standard for the assessment of the embrittlement. Vanadium alloys were easily oxidized in air.

合金的气体杂质含量得到有效控制，C、N、O总量低于500wppm；首次发现Cr-Ti-CON之间的强相互作用，它使Ti、CON的高温可移动性降低，提高合金的高温强度、增强时效强化特性、使冷加工强化保持到更高温度；时效强化可使V-4Cr-4Ti的强度提高30%，可在低温（00C）下应用，提高构件的经济性；室温下，钒合金在拉应力的作用下，存在着氢释放，带来部件使用中的尺寸不稳定性，影响构件安全；氢脆是钒合金聚变应用的一个关键问题，合金的冲击韧性和断裂韧性表现出比拉伸延伸率更强的氢脆敏感性，应作为评价合金氢脆行为的新标准。

The results show that the gabion meshes present good tensile characteristics in the event of the rupture of the meshes. The larger-diameter gabion mesh shows a better mechanical performance, and the mechanical performance of 80RE geogrid is superior to that of 70RE geogrid. The revised relationship curves between the tension per unit width and unit elongation also present elastic stage, yield stage and strength stage. The constraint deformation of reinforcement is influenced by factors such as secant modulus of materials, stress levels, and the length of reinforcement in active area and stable area.

结果表明，格宾网在发生钢丝断裂之后仍呈现出较强的抗拉性能，大直径格宾网体现出优越的力学性能；80RE土工格栅的力学性能优于70RE土工格栅；修正后的格宾网的单位宽度拉伸力与伸长率的关系曲线仍呈现弹性、屈服和强化3个阶段；在约束条件下，筋带的变形量与筋带的割线模量、应力水平、筋带在加筋体中主动区和稳定区的长度等因素有关。

The tests of physical properties revealed that plasticizers could make great effects on chitosan/glutin composite films.

结果表明：增塑剂的加入对膜的物理性能产生了显著的影响，三种增塑剂都使膜的拉伸强度和吸水性降低、断裂伸长率和透水气率增大，但不同的增塑剂对断裂伸长率的影响表现出较大不同。

The results showed that when retrogressed by electrical current heating at 200 ℃ the tensile strength in re-aged 7A04 alloy extrusion bar of 60 mm in diameter reached 620-640 MPa and a uniform elongation appeared from central part to surface layer of the sample while the fracture time in test of resistance to stress corrosion under a load stress of 375MPa in 3%NaCl+0.5%H2O2 corrosion solution was greater than 30 d.

结果表明，直径60 mm的7A04铝合金棒材在200℃电流直接加热回归后再时效，从心部到表层的拉伸强度为620-640 MPa，延伸率均匀一致；在3%NaCl+0.5%H2O2水溶液介质中和375 MPa应力下的应力腐蚀断裂时间大于30d，而辐射式加热回归的为575 MPa，延伸率从心部至表层表现极不均匀，应力腐蚀断裂时间只有19 d。

The results showed that when retrogressed by electrical current heating at 200℃the tensile strength in re-aged 7A04 alloy extrusion bar of 60 mm in diameter reached 620- 640 MPa and a uniform elongation appeared from central part to surface layer of the sample while the fracture time in test of resistance to stress corrosion under a load stress of 375MPa in 3%NaCl+0.5%H_2O_2 corrosion sol...

结果表明，直径60 mm的7A04铝合金棒材在200℃电流直接加热回归后再时效，从心部到表层的拉伸强度为620-640 MPa，延伸率均匀一致；在3%NaCl+0.5%H_2O_2水溶液介质中和375 MPa应力下的应力腐蚀断裂时间大于30 d，而辐射式加热回归的为575 MPa，延伸率从心部至表层表现极不均匀，应力腐蚀断裂时间只有19 d。

The principle of monitoring steel-cord conveyor belt joint breaking by Hall transducer and the mathematics model of measuring the belt joint elongation is discussed.

论述了用霍尔传感器通过测量接头拉伸量来进行钢绳芯输送带接头损伤和断裂状况监测的原理以及用于测量诊断的数学模型，并研制成功包括霍尔传感器与变送器、以及Z－80上开发的故障诊断软件在内的一套监测系统，该系统可用于皮带损坏、断裂信号的拾取、贮存、处理、诊断和预报等。

Breaking Load—Load which causes fracture in a tensile, compression, flexure or Torsion

断裂负荷—在拉伸、压缩、弯曲或扭转试验中引起断裂的力。

The main research tasks and results are as follows:(1) Through comparing the stress intensity factor of compact tension specimen calculated by finite element software with the theoretical value, the feasibility of calculating fracture parameters of crack tip in ABAQUS software was verified.(2) The relationship between the elastic modulus of the material and research scale was studied based on deriving the cohesive stress theory and other relevant theories. And the elastic modulus of the material on meso-scale was determined.(3) Global model and sub-model of the finite element were built in th...e macro-scale, and stress-strain field nearby the crack tip was analyzed, and the results show that the detailed stress-strain in the crack tip could be obtained by using the sub-model technique.(4) In meso-scale, the crack growth model was also established by assuming the crack propagating along the grain boundary, and the detailed stress-strain field in the crack tip was obtained.(5) The effect of crack length on Von Mises stress, and maximum principal stress and strain was analyzed in meso-scale when equivalent KI equals 30MPa.m1/2. And the results show that except for crack tip area, the stress-strain distribution in whole specimen is not affected.

主要完成研究内容和取得成果如下：(1)利用有限元软件计算出紧凑拉伸试样的裂纹尖端应力强度因子KI值，其结果与理论值一致，从而验证了利用ABAQUS计算裂纹尖端相关断裂参量的可行性；(2)在研究内聚应力等相关理论的基础上，推导出了研究尺度与材料弹性模量的近似关系，并确定了介观尺度上的弹性模量；(3)在宏观尺度上建立了全局有限元计算模型和子模型，得到了裂纹尖端应力应变场分布，结果表明利用子模型技术获得比较准确的裂纹尖端应力应变场分布是可行的；(4)在介观尺度上利用平均晶粒尺度的方式建立了裂纹沿晶扩展模型，得到了裂纹尖端断裂过程区的微观应力应变场；(5)当应力强度因子为30MPa.m1/2时，分析了介观尺度上在裂纹沿晶扩展过程中裂纹长度对Mises应力、最大主应力和应变的影响，结果表明，裂纹扩展长度对试样整体应力应变分布影响不大，而对裂纹尖端区域有较大影响；(6)介。。。

Electron microscope of the scheme of chart of X ray diffraction that analyses composite material, transmission and photograph of scanning electron microscope make clear: OMMT basically is with coming off condition disperses in PLA matrix, form in order to come off model give priority to, the accept rice that at the same time existence inserts a structure composite material, the affiliation of OMMT makes the drawing section of composite material ruptures to tenacity by brittleness change.

分析复合材料的X射线衍射谱图、透射电子显微镜和扫描电子显微镜照片表明：OMMT主要以剥离状态分散在PLA基体中，形成以剥离型为主、同时存在插层结构的纳米复合材料，OMMT的加入使复合材料的拉伸断面由脆性断裂向韧性断裂转变。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。