担子体

The polypores treated in the present list are in wide sense, including the poroid species in Polyporales, Hymenochaetales, Gloeophyllales, Trechisporales, Corticiales, Thelephorales and Russulales, and a few poroid genera of Agaricales, Atheliales, Cantharellales and Auriculariales (e.g. Dictyopanus, Favolaschia, Elmerina, Fistulina and Protomerulius).

本文中的多孔菌系指广义非褶菌目中具有孔状子实层体的种类，按照现代分类系统包括担子菌门中多孔菌目、锈革孔菌目、褐褶菌目、糙孢孔目、革菌目、糙孢革菌目和红菇目中孔状子实体的种类，还有伞菌目、阿太菌目、鸡油菌目和木耳目中个别属，如网孔菌属、胶孔菌属、榆孔菌属、牛排菌属和纵隔孔菌属等的种类。

Dikaryosis is common in ascomycetes and basidiomycetes, and results from the fusion of two monokaryotic mycelia of different mating types.

这种现象普遍存在于子囊菌和担子菌中。是两个不同交配类型的单核菌丝体融合的结果。

In the more advanced fungi, especially the Basidiomycota, nuclei may fuse some considerable time after fusion of hyphae of different mating strains, forming a dikaryon.

在较高等的真菌中，尤其在担子菌门中，不同类型的菌丝融合后细胞核需要较长的时间进行融合，从而形成双核体。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。