担保

Your continuation as a Graduate student after your first year will be conditional on your performance in the examination for the Certificate of Postgraduate Study being satisfactory to the Degree Committee and the Board.

大概是说是否让我继续我的博士学位课程，学校要看我在第一年内的表现和考试成绩来做出决定。请问：我在签证或者给学校做经济担保的时候，，是担保一年的就可以呢？还是要担保三年的？？

On the basis of the characteristic of the sponsion law relationship,this paper discussed how to confirm its effectiveness from three key constructed essential points of subject,content and object of th...

针对在实践中如何认定担保法律关系的效力仍存在一些模糊认识，从担保法律关系的特征出发，就担保法律关系的主体、内容、客体三个构成要素论述了如何认定担保法律关系的效力。

On the basis of the characteristic of the sponsion law relationship,this paper discussed how to confirm its effectiveness from three key constructed essential points of subject,content and object of the sponsion law relationship.

针对在实践中如何认定担保法律关系的效力仍存在一些模糊认识，从担保法律关系的特征出发，就担保法律关系的主体、内容、客体三个构成要素论述了如何认定担保法律关系的效力。

The excluded warranties include, but are not limited to, any implied warranty that work or professional services will be performed in a good and workmanlike manner, or any express warranty, written or oral, regarding either its services or the suitability of any of the Contract Documents.

排除的担保包括，但不限于有关于其服务或任何合同文件的适用性的任何暗示的担保（工作或专业服务将以良好而熟练的方式履行的担保），或任何明示的担保，不管是书面的还是口头的。

In light of Principal-Agent Theory, the dissertation explores the "institution guarantee-government reguarantee " mode under Federal Family Education Loan Program and the Indonesian mode of "institution administration-mixed guarantee", analyzes the essential factors affecting the success of case programs and proposes the core contents of GSSL "higher education institutions-government guarantee" mechanism, which are: By referring to the GSSL coverage, loan amount and default rate in various higher education institutions, the government decides the proportion of taking default loan and shares with the institutions the collected default so as to motivate them to manage the GSSL in accordance with its goal of financial aid.

本文运用委托—代理理论，剖析美国联邦家庭教育贷款&机构担保—政府再担保&模式和印度尼西亚助学贷款&高校管理—混合担保&模式，分析案例项目成败的关键因素，提出了国家助学贷款&高校—政府担保&机制的核心内容：政府根据不同高校国家助学贷款的人数获贷率、金额满足度和拖欠率，来确定分担拖欠贷款的比例，并与高校分享追讨回来的拖欠贷款，以此激励高校按照政府的资助目标努力管理国家助学贷款。

On the basis of the study on the practice of construction bond in western countries,this paper makes an analysis in construction bond from its concepts and contracts toconcrete operation and management.

本文在研究国外工程担保做法的基础上，首先简要介绍了工程担保的概念、方式、工程担保与工程保险的区别，以期正确把握工程担保制度的基本内涵。

Combining with Chinas construction bond practice. This paper makes an analysis inchoosing the classifications of construction bond and operating.

针对我国建筑市场现状，结合我国工程担保的实践，论述了我国工程担保制度担保模式的选择与运行机制的建立，提出了建立我国工程担保制度的政策性建议。

Chapter Two illustrates the nature of the international guarantee.At first,the writer analyses the meaning of collateral nature and its theoretical basis.Thewriter points out that in order to reinforce the protection of the guarantor'sinterest,the guarantee is located as collateral guarantee in all countries'traditional legislation.In other words,the validity of the guarantee contract isdetermined by the underlying contract,i.e.if the underlying contract isestablished,the guarantee contract is established,too;if the underlying contract isvalid,and the guarantee contract is valid too.It is true,otherwise.But thedoctrine of autonomy of private law dominates the civil law and commercial lawin all the countries,so the parties are permitted to alter the collateral nature of theguarantee by an agreement under the related laws worldwide.so the collateralnature of the guarantee is not the compulsory nature of the law.This lays a solidfoundation for the emerging of the independent guarantee.The writer thenanalyses the meaning of independence and the cause of the booming of theindependent guarantee.In fact,the independent guarantee was originated fromthe change of the collateral nature by the parties contract.As a result,the validityof the contract of independent guarantee is not determined by the underlyingcontract as the collateral guarantee,But the validity of the independent guaranteecontract is independent from the underlying contract,the establishment and thevalidity of the contract of independent guarantee are not subjected to theunderlying contract.

第二章对国际信用担保的法律属性进行了论述，首先分析了从属性的含义及其理论基础，指出虽然各国传统立法为了加强对保证人利益的保护，都将信用担保定位于从属保证，即保证合同的效力取决于主合同的效力，主合同成立，保证合同也成立，主合同生效，保证合同也生效；主合同不成立，保证合同也不成立，主合同不生效，保证合同也不生效，但是由于私法自治的精神主导着各国的民商法领域，各国立法都允许当事人通过合同约定对信用担保的从属性进行改变，所以保证的从属性从来就不是信用担保制度的法律强制属性，这也为独立保证制度的出现奠定了制度前提；其次分析了独立性的含义以及独立保证兴起的原因，独立保证实际上就是当事人通过合同约定对保证从属性的改变，使独立保证合同的效力不再象从属保证合同的效力那样取决于主合同的效力，而是使独立保证合同的效力独立于主合同的效力，独立保证合同成立不因主合同的不成立而受影响，也不因主合同的无效而无效。

The thesis begins with the current situation of foreign trade of Guangdong Province and the development status of foreign exchange business of CCB Guangdong Branch. Then the author reviews theoretical accomplishments of credit financing over the past 30 years, mainly involving credit transaction cost security theory, adverse selection and moral risk security theory, and relationship lending security theory. So CCB should open-mindedly reassess the scope and controllability of mortgage security and increase the importance of cash flow to repayment.

本文首先介绍了广东省对外贸易进出口状况及建行广东省分行的外汇发展状况，回顾了信贷融资理论近三十年的发展成果，主要涉及信贷交易成本担保理论，逆向选择与道德风险担保理论和关系贷款担保理论，指出省建行必须重新认识抵押担保的范围和可操控性，强化现金流对还款的重要性。

The main function of transferguaranty is to expand the scope of subject matter of hypothec to movable estate to realize the non transfer possession of movable estate guaranty, giving attention to the need of guaranteeing jus in personam and the need of guaranty provider's usufruct of guaranty.

让与担保所起的主要作用是将抵押权的标的物范围扩大到动产之上，从而实现动产担保的非移转占有化以兼顾债权之确保的需求和担保提供人对担保物用益之需求。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷