担保

Yet when the pledge is damaged by different parties,the relief of the security interest varies as follows:if caused by the debtor, he is deprived of his interest of period;if by the pledgor（the warrantor offering the pledge）,who failed to offer additionalp ledge,the liability of infringing the security interest will be imposed on him,besides the deprival of the deb-tor' s interest of period.

担保物被毁损时，担保物权之救济因毁损人不同而有区别：债务人毁损担保物的，可剥夺债务人的期限利益；担保人毁损担保物且不提供增担保的，除剥夺债务人的期限利益外，还可进一步追究担保人侵犯担保物权的责任；第三人毁损担保物的，担保物权人可对担保人的损害赔偿请求权进行物上代位，而不必主张侵害担保物权，同时，担保人也可主动提出增担保以阻止物上代位的发生。

The effects of bill hypothecation include: the proving effects of right, it is the analyses about the way that the holder proves that he is the owner of the right according to the endorsement; the effect of stopping the countervailing power, it is the analyses about the way of stopping the apply of the obligator's right of defense against the pledger; the effect of transfer endorsement, i

文章的第四部分，对票据质押权人实现质权的方式做出解释和分析，1、向付款人请求付款，是主债务未到期而票据已到期时，票据质押人作为主债权人，即可以依背书的连续性证明自己权利的存在，持票据提示付款人付款的问题。2、行使票据追索权，是付款请求权的一种补充或保障性的权利，作为第二次请求权有效地起到了保障票据债权流通、票据制度规范运行的作用。3、票据届期与其所担保的债权的届期问题，由于票据的到期日与其所担保的债权的期限有所不同，所以在票据债权的实现上有异，现实中票据的到期日与其所担保的债权的期限的不同，本文就票据所担保的债权与票据的到期日同时届期、票据的到期日先于被担保债权的期限到达、票据到期日后于被担保债权的清偿期到达，这样三种情况进行分析。

On one's honor 以名誉担保 I will do what I had promised,on my honor.

我会做到我承诺过的事，我以名誉担保。

By this way, it can be seen that the risks of natural disaster and accident can be transferred by construction insurance and that man-caused risks by construction bond. Furthermore, this paper studies the legal problems in the implementation of construction insurance and bond system and the correspondent laws that need to be improved. With reference to construction insurance, it is compulsive to carry out Contractor"s All Risks, Erection All Risks, Employer"s Liability Insurance, Supervisory Engineer/Designer Professional Liability Insurance and Maintenance Insurance. As for construction bond, it is suitable to take the method of surety bond and implement obligatorily Bid Bond, Performance Bond, Employer Payment Bond and Contractor Payment Bond. In addition, this paper analyses the problems in the implementation of construction insurance and bond system in China and presents corresponding solutions. In the end, it provides a method by option price theory to estimate the costs of construction bond.

本文首先借鉴国外工程保险和担保制度，通过工程保险可以有效的转移自然灾害和意外事故风险，通过工程担保转移各种人为风险；其次研究了在我国实行工程保险和担保制度存在的法律问题和需完善的相关法律，提出在工程保险方面，应强制实行建筑工程一切险、安装工程一切险、质量保修保险、设计/监理责任险，在工程担保方面，宜采取保证担保的方式，强制实行投标保证担保、履约保证担保、业主履约保证担保和付款保证担保，分析了在我国实行工程保险和担保制度存在的问题，提出相应对策；最后运用期权价格理论给出了确定工程担保费用的一种方法。

On the basis of questionnaire survey, interview and comparative studies of domestic and international practices, this dissertation, in terms of the credit financing guarantee theory and the principal-agent theory under asymmetrical information, discusses the necessity of introducing guarantee to GSSL and examines the following questions: why guarantee can solve the problems of high default rate and credit stinting, which kind of guarantee is suitable for GSSL, which body is fit for providing guarantee for GSSL and how to motivate the guarantor to accomplish the guarantee task of GSSL.

本文在问卷调查、访谈调查和国际比较研究的基础上，运用信息不对称下的信贷融资担保理论、委托—代理理论，论述将担保引入到国家助学贷款中的必要性，探究担保为何能够解决拖欠率高和银行惜贷问题、哪种担保方式适合国家助学贷款、哪些主体适合为国家助学贷款提供担保以及如何激励担保人做好国家助学贷款担保工作。

Third, this paper theoretically demonstrates and analyzes the four assumptions of the preference theory of guarantee behavior of Chinese listed companies:(1) On the condition of guarantee behavior preference of Chinese listed companies shaped, Chinese listed companies take on the risks, duties and functions on evaluating and supervising the debtors which Chinese banks transfer to listed companies;(2) On the condition of guarantee behavior preference of Chinese listed companies shaped, the irrational financial and investmental psychology of the debtors bourgeons, and then, results in the appearance of irrational behaviors;(3) On the condition of guarantee behavior preference of Chinese listed companies shaped, the security screening system of bank is deformed, the "relation-security system" forms, and results finally that the self-develop system of the debtors becomes flabby;(4) On the condition of guarantee behavior preference of Chinese listed companies shaped, the "guarantee chains" and the "guarantee nets" give birth, and the "tool" function of guarantee,"guarantee chains" and "guarantee nets" forms.

第三，对中国上市公司担保行为偏好理论的&四大假说&进行了理论分析和验证：一是在中国上市公司担保行为偏好形成的情况下，上市公司承担了由银行通过保证担保转移过来的、对借款人进行评判和监督的风险、责任和职能；二是在中国上市公司担保行为偏好形成的情况下，借款人非理性投融资心理倾向萌发，并进而导致其非理性投融资行为产生；三是在中国上市公司担保行为偏好形成的情况下，银行担保筛选机制扭曲、&关系—担保机制&形成，并最终导致借款人&自强&功能弱化；四是在中国上市公司担保行为偏好形成的情况下，担保链、担保网得以催生以及保证担保、相互担保和担保网的工具性功能得以形成。

Company: Sichuan Tianzheng secured Investment Limited, is a professional category in the construction of a security guarantee business, the company secured the Sichuan Provincial Association member units, and has achieved the small and medium enterprises in Sichuan Province and the People's Bank of filing qualifications, Sichuan Guarantee the security of the Association of Professional members of the Committee and agreed Chengdu Construction Committee of credit, the projects carried out extensive security operations.

公司介绍：四川天正担保投资有限公司，是一家专业从事建筑工程类担保业务的担保机构，公司是四川省担保协会理事会员单位，并取得了四川省中小企业局和人民银行的备案资质，是四川省担保协会工程担保专业委员会成员，并获得成都市建设委员会授信，广泛开展各项工程担保业务。

On the 4th, Sichuan SME Board convened an emergency security commercial security institutions accounted for the amount of guarantee for 90% of the 10 private security companies risk warning will be held, the Director of secured financing, Sichuan SME Credit Guarantee Association (referred to as " Sichuan secured Association "), president of Wang warned the meeting of its security company.

11月4日，四川省中小企业局紧急召集担保额占商业性担保机构担保额90%的10家民营担保公司召开风险警示会，融资担保处处长、四川省中小企业信用与担保协会(下简称&四川担保协会&)会长王永其告诫在座的担保公司负责人。

The import security includes: import L/C deposits, documents of title under B/L, trust receipt .Export security includes: pledged by export shipping documents ,foreign bank or factors payment guarantee and traditional third party assure, pledge or mortagage.

其中进口贸易融资产品担保方式包括：保证金、以提单等货权凭证担保及信托收据担保等方式；出口贸易融资产品担保方式包括：以出口单据质押担保、以国外银行或包买商付款承诺担保、及传统第三方保证、抵押、质押等担保方式。

Financial institutions should actively provide support to guarantee agencies. They are supposed to create new products in the cooperation between bank and insurance company, like bill guarantee, export credit guarantee and warehousing collateral. We will speed up polit project of small-loan companies.

各金融机构要积极为担保机构开展担保业务提供支持，在银保合作和担保业务品种上寻求创新，尝试开展票据担保、出口信用担保、仓储抵押担保等。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷