折射透镜

In such a medium, the direction of the Poynting vector monochromatic plane wave is antiparallel to that of its phase velocity. Because of that, DNG displays some unusual electromagnetic properties such as backward-wave effect, negative refractive effect, perfect lens and a limit situation, zero index of refraction materials.

在这种材料中，单色均匀平面波的相速方向和坡印亭矢量方向是相反的，因此使双负材料表现出一系列反常的电磁特性如：回波效应、负折射效应、完美透镜效应和一种极限情况即零折射率材料等。

So the Poynting vector and wave vector are antiparallel, consequently, the light is refracted negatively, and also there are many other unusual behaviors in LHM like reverse Cerenkov radiation, contrary Doppler effect etc.

所以近年来有关左手材料的研究受到了广泛的关注。2002年，科学家们发现当光波以一定角度入射到在光子晶体界面上时，光波在光子晶体中的传输也会出现和在左手材料中相同的现象：比如负折射和超透镜现象。

Using these molds, nano-dot-array with 200nm diameter, binary optical micro-lens array, refractive micro-lens array, cross micro-fluidic channel and cap for glucose test strips are fabricated by thermal nanoimprint process.

此外，针对纳米压印光刻在制备三维微结构方面的优势，采用热压印方法制备了二元光学微透镜阵列，折射微透镜阵列，微流体通道、血糖检测芯片封盖等。

Because of the curvature of its surface, different rays of light are refracted through different angles.

由于透镜的表面是弯曲的，所以不同的光线以不同的角度折射

The laser does not need any thermal len and thermal double refraction compensation element, having high output power, better beam quality, high doubling efficiency, better stability, widely applied in medical, industry.

该激光器不需要任何热透镜和热致双折射补偿元件，具有输出功率高、光束质量好、倍频效率高、稳定性好，医疗、工业应用性强等优点。

The lens telescope, or refractor, was vastly improved when it became possible to manufacture high-quality lenses made from flint glass

透镜望远镜，或称折射望远镜，在人们能够制造出高质量的火石玻璃透镜以后得到了很大的改进。

The lens telescope, or refractor, was vastly improved when it became possible to manufacture high-quality lens es made from flint glass

透镜望远镜，或称折射望远镜，在人们能够制造出高质量的火石玻璃透镜以后得到了很大的改进。

The mechanical measurement is to use an indicator to measure the surface or the edge of the testing lens mounted in a specific holder in a contact way. The principle of the optical measurement is the geometric optics, utilizing the properties of refraction or reflection of light to detect the centering error of the testing elements in a contactless way.

机械式的测量是利用指示器配合治具对待测透镜之外缘或表面进行接触式测量；而光学式的测量原理则是利用几何光学的折射或反射性质，对待测元件进行非接触式的偏心误差量测。

The theoretical and numerical study of such a device is reported, including the derivations of the diffractive screen function of the compound lens and the equations of the intensity distribution in the focus plane by considering both refraction and absorption effect and diffraction theory.

针对 X射线波段的特性，综合考虑折射和吸收效应得出组合透镜的衍射屏函数，并利用衍射理论推导出 X射线组合透镜的设计理论。

Achromatic lens: A lens which refracts light of most colours equally, i.e.

消色差透镜：能够把大多数色光作等量折射的透镜。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷