折射的

The tea drinking resulted the tea sets, and the tea sets have been the unity of the elegant artifact and the common aliment in the course of the history. They were so close with the scholars that they were the reflex and the reposement of the spirit of the scholars. In addition, the tea sets were the products of the history. Because the tea sets developed in the continual change of the needs of the people" s tea drinking, they presented bright times" character.

茶具因人们饮茶的需要而产生，随着历史的演变，它成了高雅艺术品和世俗生活用品的统一体；它与文人的关系密切，是文人心灵的折射，成了他们的精神寄托；作为历史产物的茶具因其满足了人们不断变化的需求而不断发展，每个时期的茶具呈现出鲜明的个性。

It hover in the sueface forever. But in the contemporary photo , because of surface of pursue goes perfect, on the contrary matter center of moment, with self express photo action, exhibition manner seems very west, on the other , reflect material society of dole visual angle and make demotics of interpret

它永远在表面徘徊，但在当代摄影家手中，由于对表面的追求发挥到了极致，结果反而酿成了到达事务的核心内容的契机，他们进行着观念先导的艺术实践，不断的用"自我"来表达着摄影的行为，展示方式非常西化，但在其中又不断的折射着物质社会的一种"哀"视角，将摄影家的"我"通过他者的身份上升到一种大我的境地，进行着镜头的社会语言阐释。

According to the boundary relations of the electromagnetic field, and based on the phenomena of double refraction and double reflection in crystals, the reflectivity and transmissivity are deduced at boundary when an extraordinary beam is incident from an isotropic medium upon a crystal or from a crystal to an isotropic medium with optical ax.

为分析非常偏振光在晶体表面的能量损耗，给出一种求解反射率和透射率的方法，即根据电磁场的边值关系以及晶体的双折射和双反射现象，求解晶体光轴在入射面内时，非常偏振光从各向同性介质入射到晶体和从晶体出射到各向同性介质两种情况的反射率和透射率的方法，并给出反射率和透射率的解析解，同时得到对于晶体光轴在入射面内的情况，光轴的取向对非常偏振光反射率的大小几乎没有影响，但对产生全反射的临界角θc影响较大的结论。

Mining universal themes of sacrifice, death, the yearning to commune through language and identification - and the converse, effacement through enforced ideology - he probes the human psyche at the place where it transcends the borders of a nation or particular time, while at the same time reflecting on his own historical circumstances.

透过对全人类共通的牺牲，死亡的主题，对语言和身份的共识的渴望，以及被倾听的愿望的深入调查，他探索人的灵魂，制造了一种折射出中国乃至这个世界正在经历的巨大转移的方向迷失感。而这次，他更邀请所有的看客们共同来参加他的作品创作，从而透过艺术家制造的空间达到一个改写艺术史乃至与历史本身的目的。

In a sense, because this period was not only an end of the national tribulation, but also a beginning of China to seek ask again for jump-off point of history from politicals economics thinking and cultural viewpoint, it was filled with anxiety rooted in turbulence and change. It was after Culture Revolution that the narration of tribulation in literature reflected more about the complexity s contradiction and turbulence of the society, and more about some basic conditions of mankind.

从某种意义上说，这段时期因为既是&文革&这一民族性苦难的终结，也是中国社会在政治、经济、思想、文化层面重寻历史起点的开始，因此而充满着动荡和变易的焦灼；文学中的苦难叙述也更能折射出复杂、矛盾、游移不定的时代特性，更能表现出人类的某种根本处境。

And if there are any historians about 50 or 100 years from now,and there should be preserved the kinescopes of one week of all three networks,they will there find recorded in black and white, and in color,evidence of decadence,escapism,and insulation from the realities of the world in which we live.

我们的历史将由我们来构造，在未来的50或100年史学家们将找到三大电视网已保存的的一些记录画面，他们将会发现这黑白或彩色的画面折射出我们对现实世界的堕落、逃避以及置若罔闻。

The S8 badge at the rear, an integrated rear spoiler, a subtle light-refracting edge in the apron and an exhaust system with four oval tailpipes complete the range of optical modifications.

在后方，集成后扰流板，一种微妙的光线折射在停机坪边S8的徽章和一个完整的四个椭圆形的排气管的光学排气系统修改的范围。

Tie-dye is a unique process Bai product, it shows the rich folk art styles, more than 1000 kinds of patterns for thousands of years is a microcosm of the history and culture, which reflects the people's feelings customs and aesthetic taste, it can be seen everywhere in the Dali sign of Urban and Rural It and various technological means of weaving and dyeing together constitute the charming culture.

麻烦帮我翻译一下啊！！论文的英文摘要，不要在线翻译的，语法错误太多！扎染是白族特有的工艺产品，它显示出浓郁的民间艺术风格，1000多种纹样是千百年来历史文化的缩影，折射出人民的民情风俗与审美情趣，在大理城乡随处可见它的踪影，它与各种工艺手段一起构成富有魅力的织染文化。

Tie-dye is a unique process Bai product, it shows the rich folk art styles, more than 1000 kinds of patterns for thousands of years is a microcosm of the history and culture, which reflects the people's feelings customs and aesthetic taste, it can be seen everywhere in the Dali sign of Urban and Rural It and various technological means of weaving and dyeing together constitute the charming culture.

扎染是白族特有的工艺产品，它显示出浓郁的民间艺术风格，1000多种纹样是千百年来历史文化的缩影，折射出人民的民情风俗与审美情趣，在大理城乡随处可见它的踪影，它与各种工艺手段一起构成富有魅力的织染文化。

Global illumination plays an important role in 3D graphics. Compared with local illumination, global illumination considers not only direct lighting, but also influence from indirect lights and occlusion. Thus, it can simulate more realistic effects, for instance, refraction and reflection of transparent objects, sub-surface scattering of translucent objects and shadow.

三维场景的全局光照计算[76~78]不仅考虑当前着色点的直接入射光照，还涉及环境中其它景物对着色点的间接光照或遮挡的影响，因而可以模拟比局部光照更真实的效果，如透明物体的折射和反射，半透明物体的子表面散射，阴影等。

This brought fixed cost, but it also is meant at the same time use a source to won't make you singlehanded assume a problem.

这带来了一定的成本，但它同时也意味着使用开源不会让你独力承担问题。

He gained a small fortune in real estate.

他在房地产上发了一笔小财。