折射率

The results show that the radiative properties of randomly distributed soot aggregates for a given fractal dimension are complex functions of the monomer diameters, the number of monomers in the aggregates,and the refractive index; For a small value of the monomer diameters, the absorption cross section of soot aggregates tends to be relatively constant when the fractal dimension is small but increases rapidly when the fractal dimension exceeds two. However, a monotonical reduction in light absorption with the increase of the fractal dimension is observed for soot aggregates with sufficiently large monomer diameters, number of monomers,and refractive index. The scattering cross section , extinction cross section and single-scattering albedo increase monotonically with the increase of the fractal dimension. Overall, the results for soot aggregates differ profoundly from those calculated for the equivalent spherical particles, and the discrepancies between them will change small with the increase of the fractal dimension.

研究表明，在给定分形维数的情况下，烟尘団簇粒子的辐射特性取决于原始微粒粒径、数量及复折射率；原始微粒较小的団簇粒子，当分形维数较小时，吸收截面变化不明显，但当分形维数大于二时，吸收截面骤然增大，然而，对于具有比较大的原始微粒粒径、数量及复折射率的烟尘団簇粒子，吸收截面随着分形维数的增大而单调递减；随着分形维数的增大，団簇粒子的散射截面、消光截面及单次散射反照率均单调递增；从整体上来讲，団簇粒子的辐射特性与等效球形粒子的辐射特性存在着比较大的差别，并且这种差别随着分形维数的增大而减小。

About the test of retroreflective films, the concepts of retroreflection rate and retroreflection coefficient are explicated.

从理论和实验结果看，彩虹法对折射率在1.8～2.4范围内玻璃微珠折射率的测量是行之有效的。

The relation of the minimal deflection angle with the refractive index of glass microsphere is obtained on the basis of geometric optic theory, and the domain of the refractive index is analyzed when the retroreflective capability of the glass microsphere reflection pellicle is in the best condition. The relation of the intensity of illumination with the deflection angle is given.

根据几何光学原理，得到了玻璃微珠最小偏转角与折射率关系的表达式，分析了玻璃微珠回向反射特性最佳时的折射率范围；给出了接收面上的光照度与偏转角的关系方程。

The DNG structure unit is composed of square split ring resonator and strip wire. The modified NRW method is used to extract the equivalent permittivity, permeability, and refractive index from the scattering parameters of the two-port waveguide with DNG structure. At the designed operating frequency, the refractive index approximates zero, which makes the nondirective electromagnetic wave tend to approximate plane wave along the normal direction of the superstrate and congregate the radiation energy.

以方形的SRR环和金属条带构成双负媒质结构单元，使用修正的NRW方法，通过放置双负媒质结构的二端口波导的散射参数，提取了等效的介电常数、磁导率和折射率，在所设计的工作频率，折射率接近于0，可以将原本发散的电磁波整理成趋近于覆层面法线方向的近似平面波，起到能量汇聚的功能。

The DNG structure unit is composed of square split ring resonator and strip wire. The modified NRW method is used to extract the equivalent permittivity, permeability, and refractive index from the scattering parameters of the two-port waveguide with DNG structure. At the designed operating frequency, the refractive index approximates zero, which makes the nondirective electromagnetic wave tend to approximate plane wave along the normal direction of the superstrate and congregate the radiation energy.

以方形的SRR环和金属条带构成双负媒质结构单元，使用修正的NRW方法，通过放置双负媒质结构的二端口波导的散射参数，提取了等效的介电常数、磁导率和折射率，在所设计的工作加热板频率，折射率接近于0，可以将原本发散的电磁波整理成趋近于覆层面法线方向的近似平面波，起到能量汇聚的功能。

To match the boundary conditions, the modified Bessel functions are expanded to the planar wave in the interface. Then the eigenvalue equations of different polarizations are obtained by scalar approximation. At last, the relations between propagation losses and the states of polarizations, the geometric structures of the fiber, the refractive index and thickness of the polymer are calculated.

论文首先给出其等效折射率数学模型，在纤芯和包层中，光场用贝塞尔函数及虚宗量贝塞尔函数的求和表示，在聚合物和金属中用指数函数的求和表示，交界面上采用将虚宗量贝塞尔函数用平面波展开的方法匹配边界条件，然后利用标量近似求出极化D型光纤不同偏振态光场模式的本征值方程，最后通过数值计算得到光纤的传输损耗与抛磨平面和纤芯之间的距离，聚合物粘接材料的折射率和厚度，以及偏振态之间的关系。

The relation between phase structure and refractive indices was studied as well as the dispersive relation between refractive indices and extinction coefficient.

研究了薄膜的相结构与折射率之间的关系以及折射率和消光系数的色散关系。

At high powers the nonlinear part of the index of refraction becomes important and causes a higher index of refraction in the center of the laser beam where the laser is brighter than at the edges causing a feedback that focuses the laser even more.

在高权力，非线性部分的折射率变得很重要的原因和较高的折射率为中心的激光束，在激光亮度比是在边缘，造成了反馈，重点激光甚至更多。

The fringe contrast of interference from the reflection spectrum of the sensor is influenced by the refractive index to be measured outside.

干涉条纹的对比度受光纤头端面外部的折射率影响，在干涉条纹包络的波谷处具有最大的对比度，外部待测折射率可通过计算该处的对比度得到。

The result indicates that retarders are more sensitive to variations in the input angle of incidence with refractive index increasing, so the higher refractive index material should be avoided in designing retarders .

结果表明，随着折射率的增加，器件对入射角的变化更加灵敏，因此设计器件时应尽量避免选择高折射率材料。

This brought fixed cost, but it also is meant at the same time use a source to won't make you singlehanded assume a problem.

这带来了一定的成本，但它同时也意味着使用开源不会让你独力承担问题。

He gained a small fortune in real estate.

他在房地产上发了一笔小财。