折射率

The colour, transparence, double refraction index and density of thetourmalines are related with species and content of the trace elements in the composition oftourmalines.

锂电气石。碧玺的颜色，透明度，双折射率，密度与电气石成分中的微量元素种类和含量有密切关系。

Birefringence, or double refraction, is the decomposition of a ray of light into two rays (the ordinary ray and the extraordinary ray) when it passes through certain types of ma ...

光在晶体中传播时，再不平行于光轴方向上，由于e光和o光传播速度不同，而出现两个不同折射率的光的像，这种现象叫做双折射现象。

As a new type of electromagnetic material, left-handed materials have very special electrodynamic properties, such as the reversal of Snells law, the Doppler effect, and Cerenkov radiaton.

作为一种新型的电磁材料，异向介质具有独特的电磁特性，如负折射率，负多普勒效应，逆楔伦可夫辐射等。

Optical electronegativity of binary oxide glasses based on the energy gap and refractive index Optical electronegativity is one of the most important parameters in understanding the nature of chemical bonding, and several important physical parameters can be predicted by using it.

光学电二元氧化物玻璃基于关于能源的差距和折射率光学电是其中最重要的参数在了解的性质，化学粘接，和几个重要的物理参数可以预测使用它。

Numerical analysis is given in detail. The measure of precision of elliptic-meter not only depend on the structure parameter and reading precision ,but also depend on refraction index of substrate, the range of elliptically polarized angle.

椭偏仪的测量精度除了与它本身的结构参数以及读数精度有关外，还与被测系统本身有关，精度还取决于衬底的折射率n2，的区域及入射角。

This kind of materials has also parameters defining other effects such as emissive color, blend color, transparency, reflectivity or refraction.

此类型的材质还具备其它的参数来表现更多的效果，诸如发光色，混合色，透明度，反射率和折射率。

The main work can be summed up as follows: Firstly, we studied the thermal-field properties of VCSELs, and analyzed the influences of current spreading, material parameters and operating conditions on the temperature distributions. Secondly, we began with the electrode voltage and calculated the equipotential s distributions, compared the distributions of voltages and current densities in different depths of VCSELs, and then studied the influences of the oxide-confining region with different position or thickness, and the different sizes of the gain-guided aperture and emitting window on the distributions of the injected current density, carrier concentration and temperature in the active region. Thirdly, we realized the coupling of electricity, optical and thermal-fields, worked out the threshold voltage, calculated the distributions of the injected current density, carrier concentration and temperature under different offset voltages, and analyzed the impacts of temperature profile and carrier density on the refractive index, Fermi levels and optical-field. Finally, we gave the equipotential line distributions with considering N-DBR and double oxidized-confining regions, and analyzed theinfluences of N-DBR and double oxide-confining regions on the distributions of the current density, carrier concentration, temperature and optical-field.

具体工作可以概括如下：首先，研究了VCSEL的热场特性，分析了电流扩展，材料参数和工作条件对于温度分布的影响；其次，从电极电压入手，计算出激光器中的等势线分布，并对不同深度处的电压和电流分布进行比较，研究了高阻区的不同位置和不同厚度、限制层和出射窗口半径的大小对电流密度、载流子浓度和温度分布的影响；再次，实现了电、光、热耦合，求出了阈值电压，计算了不同偏置电压下的电流密度分布、载流子浓度分布和热场分布，分析了温度和载流子浓度变化对折射率、费米能级和光场的影响；最后，给出了考虑N-DBR和双氧化限制层时激光器中的等势线分布，分析了N-DBR和双氧化限制层对VCSEL电流密度、载流子浓度、温度和光场分布的影响。

Variational regularity of the normalized equivalent radius( r norm= r/Λ) with normalized frequency is found out for different photonic crystal fiber parameters.

该分析和结果可为利用有效折射率法分析光子晶体光纤时等效芯半径的选取提供一定的理论依据。

In order to compensate the vacant band error automatically and timely in the real-time measurement, a method based on measuring the value of the refractive index and length of the vacant band timely is proposed.

针对目前激光外差干涉实时测量中，由于现场工作环境的限制，无法对闲区误差进行实时自动补偿的问题，提出了一种基于实时测量闲区值和折射率值的闲区误差补偿方法。

Simulated mathematical models include several physics principles, e.g., distribution of stress-induced refractive index in the panda fiber of MRI, phase contrast, and image error of optical fiber around the observation plane of the objective lens.

仿真数学模型考虑了匹配型熊猫光纤的应力折射率分布、相衬成像原理、光纤在物镜观察面上的相衬成像偏差等物理图像。

This brought fixed cost, but it also is meant at the same time use a source to won't make you singlehanded assume a problem.

这带来了一定的成本，但它同时也意味着使用开源不会让你独力承担问题。

He gained a small fortune in real estate.

他在房地产上发了一笔小财。