折射法

Finite-difference beam propagation method is used to calculate and analyze the influence of different structural parameters on birefringence of holey fiber.

采用有限差分波束传播法计算分析了不同结构参数对多孔光纤双折射的影响，结果表明，调控这些结构参数能在特定的波长窗口获得稳定的拍长，且拍长值也可以根据实际需求设计调整。

The shallow seismic refraction method is one of the main methods of exploration for engineering, hydrogeological and environmental geology.

浅层地震折射波法是在工程地质、水文地质及环境地质勘查中广泛应用的地震探测方法之一。

So the improvement and enlargement of the scope of judicial review of administrative actions in China is both unavoidable and clear: to make amendments to the administrative litigation law to review "abstract administrative actions","final administrative actions" and "inner administrative actions";to delete detailed listing of "reviewable administrative actions" and to establish the essential rule in administrative litigation that any administrative actions shall be judicially reviewable unless the litigation is definitely forbidden by law and harmful to the principle of rule of law.

上述看似疏忽与不慎的用词，恰恰折射出作为国家最高审判机关在行政诉讼受案范围问题上的扩大倾向与面对立法现实的无奈。因为根据我国目前最高审判机关的司法解释的权限，最高人民法院只有依照法律和行政法规，适用法律法规的具体作出解释的权力，而不能似英、美普通法系国家那样&法官造法&，更不能以司法解释权侵夺国家的立法权。

So the improvement and enlargement of the scope of judicial review of administrative actions in China is both unavoidable and clear: to make amendments to the administrative litigation law to review "abstract administrative actions","final administrative actions" and "inner administrative actions";to delete detailed listing of "reviewable administrative actions" and to establish the essential rule in administrative litigation that any administrative actions shall be judicially reviewable unless the litigation is definitely forbidden by law and harmful to the principle of rule of law.

上述看似疏忽与不慎的用词，恰恰折射出作为国家最高审判机关在行政诉讼受案范围问题上的扩大倾向与面对立法现实的无奈。因为根据我国目前最高审判机关的司法解释的权限，最高人民法院只有依照法律和行政法规，对适用法律法规的具体问题作出解释的权力，而不能似英美判例法系国家那样&法官造法&，更不能以司法解释权侵夺国家的立法权。

So the improvement and enlargement of the scope of judicial review of administrative actions in China is both unavoidable and clear: to make amendments to the administrative litigation law to review "abstract administrative actions","final administrative actions" and "inner administrative actions";to delete detailed listing of "reviewable administrative actions" and to establish the essential rule in administrative litigation that any administrative actions shall be judicially reviewable unless the litigation is definitely forbidden by law and harmful to the principle of rule of law.

上述看似疏忽与不慎用词，恰恰折射出作为国家最高审判机关在行政诉讼受案范围问题上扩大倾向与面对立法现实无奈。因为根据我国目前最高审判机关司法解释权限，最高人民法院只有依照法律和行政法规，对适用法律法规具体问题作出解释权力，而不能似英美判例法系国家那样&法官造法&，更不能以司法解释权侵夺国家立法权。

The design principle of refractive microlens arrays with different microstructures is proposed on the basic of refractive microlens arrays fabrication using thermal reflowing method and ion beam etching technique.

探讨了通过光刻热熔法及离子束蚀刻技术制作具有不同微面型结构的折射微透镜阵列的设计原则。

It is to say we can use the information of the refraction wave to judge whether the spread covers the boundary fault of the fault trough so we can modify the spread of the reflection exploration so as to increase the efficiency of the exploration.

四、反射波法已经发展了一套完整的资料成像技术，在生产中发挥了重要的作用，但随着地震勘探技术的发展和在工程勘探中的应用，折射波已经成为地震波成像中一个不可忽略的影响因素。

Plates of globular cluster M3, taken with the 40cm refractor at Sheshan station of Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, are used by this work. The difference of epoch of these plates is up to 81years. The positions and absolute proper motions of 24 stars in ACT catalogue, which links with the Hipparcos Catalogue based on the International Celestial Reference System, are used as the reference frame. Using the central overlapping principle, the absolute proper motions of 534 stars in the region of about 100'×100' around the cluster are determined. After the membership determination of the stars which based on the data of proper motions, average absolute proper motion components for the cluster of -0.3±0.3 mas/yr in R.A.

本文使用上海天文台佘山40厘米折射望远镜拍摄的14张最长时间跨度为81年的球状星团M3底片的PDS扫描结果，使用与 Hipparcos星表相联系的基于国际大球惯性参考系的ACT星表中的 24颗恒星的位置和绝对自行为参考架，用中心重叠法进行天体测量归算，得到了这个星团中心附近100'×100'天区内534颗恒星的位置和绝对自行，并利用这些自行对成员概率进行了估算，得到这个星团的赤经方向绝对自行为- 0.3±0.3mas/yr，赤纬方向绝对自行为-3.1±0.3mas／yr。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。