折射

The birefraction filter is also designed to get satisfying output-parameters. At last, the Ti:sapphire laser with flat-flat resonant cavity is pumped with the pumping source at 532nm. The pumping source is got from the frequency doubling of Nd:YAG laser.

对调谐元双折射滤光片进行了设计，采用厚度比为1：2：10的三片组合型双折射滤光片，最薄晶片厚度d 1 = 0.45mm，光轴与滤光片法线方向呈90度角，以使系统的输出参数达到预期的要求。

The results show that when the linear birefringence is small, the linear birefringence of the bulk glass can be effectively measured by the methods reported in this paper.

研究发现：在线性双折射较小的情况下，通过论文中提出的方法，可较好的测量出块状光学玻璃线性双折射的大小。

In theory, there is no error for the refractive seismic exploration by permuting the focus and the cymoscope. In some especial condition, it would be the only choice because that refractive seismic exploration is needed, but the error can not be neglected be cause of various factors.

在理论上，用源检互换的方法进行折射地震勘探是没有误差的，在某些特殊条件下无法铺设检波器而又必须进行折射地震勘探时它也是唯一的选择，然而，在实际工作中，由于各种因素的影响，其误差是不可忽略的。

An optical system with refraction and total internal reflection was proposed according to the luminous characteristic of LED and the law of energy conservation. The ordinary differential equations satisfying the spots on the contour curve of TIR refractive and reflective planes were established. The coordinates of points on profile curves were obtained by solving these ordinary differential equations using Runge-Kutta method. The profile curves were acquired by curve fitting of the coordinate spots with software UG, and then TIR model of the projector and data of the surface shape suitable for NC manufacture were obtained.

根据LED的发光特性以及能量守恒定律选择采用折射全反射光学系统，通过建立TIR折射面及全反射面轮廓曲线上的点所满足的常微分方程，利用RungeKutta求解常微分方程得到轮廓曲线上点的坐标，再在UG中对坐标点进行曲线拟合得到轮廓曲线，进而得到TIR模型及适合数控加工的面形数据。

With the relations between the output of the former interface and the input of the latter, double refraction and/or double internal reflection in a crystal along two and multiple successive interfaces can be calculated.

并讨论了在晶体内沿多个面的连续双折射双反射，分析了前一界面输出量和后一界面输入量之间的联系，得到多次双折射双反射后的光线方向和光波法线方向。

The general formulation of double refraction or internal double reflection with different directions of propagation vector and wave vector in a uniaxial crystal is analyzed in terms of the Huygens principle.

并讨论了在晶体内沿多个面的连续双折射双反射，分析了前一界面输出量和后一界面输入量之间的联系，得到多次双折射双反射后的光线方向和光波法线方向。

Considering both the phenomena of double refraction and internal double reflection, and the electro-optic effect in a crystal, all elements of n×n crossbar network are integrated in one birefringent crystal slab with electro-optic property.

通过综合考虑晶体的双折射和全内双反射现象，以及晶体的电光效应，将构成n×n纵横开关网络的所有单元器件都集成到一块具有电光效应的双折射晶体上。

The model of full vector Galerkin finite element method with transparent boundary conditions is established.

建立了基于透明边界条件的全矢量迦辽金有限元法分析二维光子晶体光纤的模型，并对椭圆芯等5种高双折射光子晶体光纤基模的模式双折射、限制损耗及色散特性进行了数值分析和比较。

The Mater M series of refractometers are new hand-held refractometers developed with high quality and ease of use in mind.

该材料m系列的折射，是新的手提式折射发展起来的高品质和易于使用的铭记。

In order to observe crystal birefringence phenomenon visually,this paper designed and fabricated the visually experimental demonstrating device of crystal birefringence phenomenon by using the scattering process of impurity in non-optically natural Iceland crystal.

为了能够直观地观察到晶体中的双折射现象，利用非光学级的天然晶体冰洲石中杂质对光的散射作用，设计、制做了晶体双折射现象的直观实验演示器。

The concept of equivalent rotationally rigidity is offered and the formula of rotationally rigidity is obtained.

主要做了如下几个方面的工作：对伸臂位于顶部的单层框架—筒体模型进行分析，提出了等效转动约束的概念和转动约束刚度的表达式。

Male cats normally do not need aftercare with the exception of the night after the anesthetic.

男猫通常不需要善后除了晚上的麻醉。