抗震

The optimality criterion that the aseismic structure must satisfy as it is optimal is derived by using the Kuhn-Tucker necessary condition, and its meanings are also interpreted from the point of view of physics.

从数学规划中的Kuhn-Tucker条件出发，推导出结构抗震可靠性的优化准则，并在物理上解释了该准则的含义。

At the soft-hard interface, pile may overbear the ultimate moment which leads to bending and shearing failures.

所得结果对今后桩基的抗震设计具有一定的指导意义。

It has been shown that new design of earthquake resistant connections should incorporate both weld fracture mitigation measures and flange overstress mitigation measures, that usually comprise changes in connection configuration.

而新的抗震节点应能够减少焊接的脆性破坏和缓解翼缘处的过高应力集中，这常常要求要改变节点的细部构造。

In this paper, in cognizance of the lack of accuracy of the calculation results in the current method of seismic analysis for the frame structures, the paper is searching for a new approach, using continuous models and through the establishment of the partial differential equations to carry on the dynamic analysis of the fiame structures, the limited units will be expanded to the unlimited units, each component as a continuous unit to deal with without the need of further subdivision, making the structure of dynamic behavior closer to the actual behavior and to improve the accuracy of the results.

本文针对当前框架结构抗震分析的动力时程法计算结果不精确的不足，寻求一种采用连续模型并通过建立偏微分方程来对框架结构进行动力分析的新方法，把每个构件作为一个连续单元来处理而不需要再细分，使得结构的动力行为与实际更为接近，从而提高计算结果的精度。

The main research work and its results are: 1Empirical results are analysed for the relations of fault displacement and earthquake magnitude, and difference between permanent ground deformation and maxium dynamic relative displacement on the two sides of fault; 2An analytic method is proposed for resopnse of a buried pipeline due to earthquake fault movement; 3A new shell model with an equivalent boundary and relted finite element analysis method are proposed for estimating response of a buried pipeline under large fault movement; 4By the proposed method, damage performance of water supply steel pipelines with large diameter is simulated to the real cases in Kocaeli Earthquake and Ji-Ji Earthquake, and simulating results show the real failure mode of pipes is revealed; 5Effects of overlying soil and soft/hard interlayers are analyzed on ground rupture mode and degree due to earthquake fault, and some earthquake rupture phenomena in soil layers are theoretically described for the first time; 6Pipeline response characters are discussed for the case of considering effects of soil layers on ground rupture mode; 7Research results and proposed method are applied in seismic analysis of pipline acrossing fault in the Gas Tansportation Project from West to East in China.

主要工作和成果包括：1）分析了不同断层位错形式下地表破裂位错量与震级之间的经验关系，并基于集集地震近断层记录分析了断层两侧永久地面变形和地震动相对位移幅值之间的差别，为合理地考虑地震断层位错地面变形动态影响提供了依据；2）发展了断层位错地面大变形下管线反应分析模型并给出物理概念明确、简单实用的解析分析方法；3）建立了断层位错下埋地管线反应分析的等效边界壳模型有限元方法，方法中引入了以非线性弹簧形式模拟离断层较远处管段影响的等效边界，简化了计算模型并突出了近断层处管体反应；4）利用等效边界壳模型方法，对土耳其地震和集集地震中大口径埋地管线震害进行了模拟，结果表明所提方法可以更清地解释震害所表现的管体破坏特征；5）研究了覆盖土层和软硬夹层的存在对断层位错地面破裂形式和程度的影响，首次从理论上解释了某些地震地表破裂现象；6）探讨了考虑土层对断层位错地面变形影响的管体反应特征；7）本项目成果已在西气东输工程的管道跨断层抗震问题分析中得到了应用。

Based on failure model of brick masonry walls and truss bar model of fiber reinforced polymer, the formulas of shear capacity of brick masonry wall with pilaster strengthened with GFRP are established, which agree well with the experimental results.

基于未加固墙体的剪摩和剪压破坏模型和纤维复合材料的桁架受力模型，推导出在不同破坏形态下，GFRP加固带壁柱砖墙的抗震抗剪承载力理论计算公式。利用公式所得的计算结果与试验结果吻合。

An experimental research is conducted on the seismic performance of brick masonry walls with pilaster reinforced by glass fiber reinforced polymer.

对玻璃纤维复合材料(Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer，GFRP)加固带壁柱砖墙抗震性能进行试验研究。

By carrying out the experiment of five pieces of brick masonry walls with pilaster under low reversed cyclic loading, including four pieces strengthened with GFS and one piece un-strengthened, the seismic performance, such as the hysteretic behavior, rigidity degradations deformation and energy-dissipation, are studied systematically.

通过1片未加固砖墙体和4片玻璃纤维布加固砖墙体抗震性能的试验，对墙体的滞回特性、刚度退化性能、变形性能及耗能性能进行系统分析。

Based on the low cyclic loading experiments on one brick masonry wall with ordinary pilaster and eight specimens of masonry walls with pilaster strengthened by GFRP, the failure characteristics of the walls are explained; seismic performance characteristics, such as resilience, rigidity and its degeneration, deformation, and energy dissipation are studied; and influence of the measures including strengthening means, reinforcement area proportion between GFRP and wall surface,"through-wall" anchorage reinforcement effects are studied.

通过1片未加固带壁柱砖墙和8片GFRP加固带壁柱砖墙在低周往复荷载作用下的抗震性能试验，阐述了各试件的破坏特征；研究CFRP加固前后墙体的滞回特性、刚度及退化特性、变形性能、耗能性能等变化规律，以及加固方式、加固量和"对拉"锚固措施对加固效果的影响。

This kind of structure is fit for the comfortable steer with no other expansion joints except for those at the two ends. It characterized the wholeness of structure , good astigmatic ability and load-bearing ability , construction rapidness, bright and pithiness bridge style, so rigid frame bridge have taken an increasingly great proportion in bridges constructed and those under construction at city and county.

连续刚构桥能满足特大跨径桥梁的受力要求，除梁端以外无其他伸缩缝，有利于行车平顺舒适，具有结构整体性能好、抗震能力强、承载能力强，施工快捷等结构特点，因此在城乡已建和在建的桥梁中占据了越来越大的比重。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。