抗酸性的

A chromium free conversion coating at least equivalent in corrosion protective quality to conventional chromate conversion coatings can be formed on metals, particularly cold rolled steel, by a dry-in-place aqueous acidic liquid comprising: a component of anions, each of said anions consisting of at least four fluorine atoms and at least one atom of an element selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, silicon, and boron, and, optionally, ionizable hydrogen atoms, and optionally, one or more oxygen atoms; a component of cations of elements selected from the group consisting of cobalt, magnesium, manganese, zinc, nickel, tin, zirconium, iron, and copper; the ratio of the total number of cations of this component to the total number of anions of component being at least 1:5; sufficient free acid to give the composition a pH in the range from 0.5 to 5.0; a component selected from the group consisting of phosphorus-containing inorganic oxyanions and phosphonate anions; and a component selected from the group consisting of water-soluble and water-dispersible organic polymers and polymer-forming resins and, preferably, also including a component selected from the group consisting of tungstate, molybdate, silicotungstate, and silicomolybdate anions.

通过对包含以下成分的含水酸性液体进行干燥，可以在金属上形成无铬的转换涂层，该涂层与普通铬酸盐转换涂层相比，至少在抗腐蚀质量上等效：$_一种阴离子成分，所述各个阴离子包括至少4个氟原子，至少选自钛、锆、铪、硅与硼元素中的1个原子。任选地可离解的氢原子，任选地1个或多个氧原子；$_一种选自钴、镁、锰、锌、镍、锡、锆、铁与铜元素的阳离子成分，上述成分的阳离子总数与成分内的阴离子总数之比至少为1∶5；$_足够的游离酸以使该组合物的pH值在0.5～5.0的范围内；$_一种选自含磷的无机含氧阴离子与膦酸盐阴离子的成分；$一种选自水溶性与水可分散性有机聚合物与聚合物形成的树脂的成分，优选还包括一种选自钨酸盐、钼酸盐、钨硅酸盐与钼硅酸盐阴离子的成分。

Pillared clay is a kind of the mineral materials, which is synthesized by pillaring inorganic polycations or organic ionic groups into clay minerals. Modified clay is a two-dimensional mineral material with large surface area, high thermal stability, strong surface acidity and variable pore size, therefore it is widely used in such fields as catalyst, sewerage treatment, antibacterial material, photic functional material, ionic conductor, pharmacy, nano-complex preparation and nuclear scrap treatment.

柱撑粘土是矿物材料的一种，它是一种由聚合无机阳离子或有机离子插入粘土矿物中而形成的一种具有二维孔洞的矿物材料，具有比表面积大、热稳定性好、表面酸性强以及孔径可变等特性，因此在催化、污水处理、抗菌材料、光功能材料、离子导体、制药、纳米级复合材料制备、核废料处置等领域有着广阔的应用前景。

The two catalysts supported on USY zeolites with surface acid amounts of 626 and 203μmol/g, respectively, showed excellent sulfur tolerance, while the catalysts of higher and lower acid amount showed decreased sulfur tolerance. Energy dispersive spectroscopic analysis proved that the support with a large acid amount adsorbed more sulfur, which might lead to the lower sulfur tolerance of the catalyst.

结果表明硫含量为200μg/g时，载体酸量为626和203μmol/g的两个催化剂的耐硫性最好，而载体酸量更低和更高的催化剂的耐硫性较差，表明载体的酸量太大或太小都不利于催化剂的抗硫性。X射线能量散射分析表明，酸量大时S在酸性位吸附很多，这可能导致催化剂中毒。

On the basis of electroplating and immersion plating tin, and through large numbers of experiments, a new process of electroless plating tin in acid chloride bath solutions including SnCl2 2H2O, NaH2PO2 H2O, special complexing agent, additive agent, stabilizing agent and antioxidant, was established.

本文是在电镀锡、浸镀锡工艺配方的基础上，通过大量的试验，确立了一种以氯化亚锡、次亚磷酸钠和特定的络合剂、添加剂、稳定剂，抗氧化剂为基本镀液组成的酸性氯化物化学镀锡体系，成功地在铜上实现了锡的连续自催化沉积，获得了性能优异的半光亮银白色锡镀层。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。