抗菌法

The principles of antisepsis were carried over into the public hygiene .

抗菌法的原则被应用于公共卫生。

Before the introduction of antisepsis, laparotomy was not usually performed.

在发明抗菌法以前，开腹手术是不常做的。

Methods of Antibacterial Test in Vitro and in Vivo2 4 Dinitrophenol Induced Fever in Rats, Perspiration on Rat Feet, Permeation of Capillary Vessel in Mice, Foot Swelling in Rats, Clearance of Carbon Particles in Mice were used to study the actions of anti bacteria, antipyretic, diaphoresis , anti inflammation and immunity regulation This product inhibited, to some extent, the staphylococcus aureus.

采用体内、外抗菌法；大鼠 2 ，4—二硝基苯酚致热法；大鼠足跖汗液着色法；小鼠毛细血管通透法；大鼠足跖肿胀法及小鼠碳末廓清法观察复方三效微型灌肠剂的抗菌、解热、发汗、抗炎、免疫调节等作用。

Methods The antimicrobial peptide of M. domestica pupa were produced largely by infection and injury, which were isolated and purified by trituration, centrifugalization and column chromatography of AKTA purifier. Then the antimicrobial peptides with anti-Toxoplasma activity were selected by haemacytometry and MTT colorimetric method.

通过损伤加感染的方法诱导家蝇蛹大量表达抗菌肽，然后经过研磨、离心和AKTA purifier层析等步骤，将家蝇蛹抗菌肽进行分离纯化，采用血细胞计数法和MTT比色法筛选对弓形虫速殖子有抑制作用的抗菌肽。

objective to isolate and purify the antimicrobial peptides with anti-toxoplasma gondii activity isolated from the haemlymph of musca domestica larvae.methods the antimicrobial peptides of musca domestica larvae were induced by infection and injury were isolated and purified by trituration,centrifugalization and column chromatography.then the antimicrobial peptides with anti-toxoplasma activity were sieved by mtt colorimetric method and haemacytometry.results it was found that two antimicrobial peptides had anti-toxoplasma activity through resource s cationic column chromatography and superdex g75 gel column chromatography.conclusion the two antimicrobial peptides with anti-toxoplasma activity existing in the haemlymph of musca domestica larvae had different anti-toxoplasma effect.

作者单位：山西医科大学寄生虫教研室，太原 030001；化学生物学与分子工程教育部重点实验室山西大学生物技术研究所目的从家蝇幼虫血淋巴中分离纯化具有抗弓形虫作用的抗菌肽。方法通过损伤加感染的方法诱导家蝇幼虫大量表达抗菌肽，然后经过研磨、离心和层析等过程，将家蝇幼虫抗菌肽进行分离纯化，采用四甲基偶氮噻唑蓝比色法和血细胞计数法筛选对弓形虫速殖子有抑制作用的抗菌肽。结果经resource s阳离子柱和superdex g75凝胶柱层析后，筛选出2种对弓形虫速殖子有杀伤作用的抗菌肽。结论家蝇幼虫血淋巴中存在抗弓形虫作用的抗菌肽，而且不止一种，但其效果有所不同。

Result: There were many semipolar, low-polar and nonpolar antimicrobic components in natural products, they diffused slowly in medium, it was possible for false negative and leaked screening by inhibition zone size judging only, but TTC method was better precise and reliable with the sum of indicator size without dyed by TIC and inhibition zone size.

结果：天然产物中存在中极性、弱极性甚至非极性抗菌成分，在培养基中扩散较慢，现行K-B法以透明抑菌圈为判读抗菌活性依据，会低估样品抗菌活性，甚至出现假阴性结果，造成漏筛。以不能被TTC显色的指示菌范围和透明抑菌圈之和来判读天然产物抗菌活性，提高了K-B法检测天然抗菌成分的准确性和可靠性。

Antimicrobial Peptides Raw Extraction of Differ Tissue from Young Chelydra Sserpentina This experiment was used methods of (NH_4)_2SO_4 extraction and improved acetic acid extraction on antimicrobial peptides crude sample from induced Chelydra serpentina's intestines,blood,liver,skin.

试验一、鳄龟不同部位抗菌物质的初提本实验采用硫酸铵提取法和改进的乙酸提取法两种不同的方法从诱导后的稚鳄龟肠道、血液、肝和皮肤组织内分离抗菌肽，研究鳄龟体内产生抗菌肽的能力及抗菌效果。

The minimum inhibitory concentration of the eight fishery antibacterial drugs are determined and its inhibitory action and bactericidal effects on the Aeromonas hydrophila used respectively and combinedly are compared by using double dilution method and inhibition zone method.

采用二倍稀释法及抑菌圈法测定了目前常用的8种抗菌渔药对嗜水气单胞菌的最低抑菌浓度，比较了这8种抗菌渔药单独用药与联合用药对嗜水气单胞菌的抗菌效果。

Study of kinetic antibacterial activities of QJ2 against pathogen W-1 was tested by viable bacteria counts and absorbency at 600nm: 106～ 107 cfu/mL cells of W-1 began to decrease in 15 min after mixing with CFS(cell free-supernatant) of QJ2; the bacterial counts decreased to a minimum at 4h, and the numbers of bacteria began to increase after 6h. The cells of QJ2 did not show any sensitivity to its inhibitory substances in CFS. The size of active molecule in the CFS of QJ2 was smaller than 8000 Da by measuring the inhibitory activities of the fluid inside and outside the dialysis cellulose tubing. QJ2 was identified as Flavobacterium ordaratum by traditional morphological and biochemical method and API-20 identification system.

并对拮抗菌QJ2的拮抗作用进行了研究，结果为：QJ2有广泛的弧菌抗菌谱，对37株弧菌的抗菌阳性率达到89.2%(33/37)；用活菌平板计数法和O.D.600nm研究了QJ2培养物的去细胞上清液与病原菌W-1的作用动力学，15min时W-1的细菌数便开始减少，4h时细菌数最少，6h后开始增加，而对照组的细菌数呈逐渐上升趋势；QJ2对自身的拮抗物质不敏感；QJ2抗性物质的分子量不大于8000Da；经常规生理生化方法和API-20细菌快速鉴定系统鉴定，QJ2为气味黄杆菌。

This dissertation aims at finding anticancer and antibacterial polynuclear complexes targeting DNA with high activity and low toxicity. Sixteen compounds were synthesized, and characterized by means of X-ray single crystal diffraction, elemental analysis, molar conductivity and IR, and the influencing factors on structures of the compounds have been investigated. The actions of these compounds to DNA were also investigated by spectral, electrochemical and hydromechanical methods.

本论文以DNA为靶点，以寻找新结构类型的高效、低毒的抗癌、抗菌多核配合物为目标，从分子设计出发，共合成得到了16个化合物的单晶结构，对其进行了结构表征，探讨了结构影响因素，并研究了其超分子结构；采用紫外-可见吸收光谱法、荧光光谱法、电化学和粘度法，从分子水平上研究了所得配合物与DNA的相互作用；在细胞水平上，研究了草酰胺桥联双核配合物的抗菌和抗肿瘤活性。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。