抗菌

In this paper, the ability and mechanism of antibacterial and immune defense ofChinese shrimp was studied using cytological, biochemical, molecular biological andproteomic methods. A sensitive and stable antibacterial and lysozyme assay methodswere selected. The effect of Vibrio anguillarum and laminarin (a kind of beta-1,3-glucan) on the immune ability of haemolymph of Chinese shrimp was analyzed.The changes of total haemocyte counts, antibacterial ability, lysozyme activity andlysosome membrane stability were detected.

本文采用细胞学，生物化学，分子生物学和蛋白质组学等技术，对对虾的抗菌能力和免疫防御机制进行研究，筛选了灵敏稳定的抑菌和溶菌检测方法；并对灭活鳗弧菌和海带多糖(laminarin，一种B-1， 3 葡聚糖)免疫诱导后的中国明对虾血细胞数目，血淋巴的抑菌活力，溶菌能力，溶酶体膜的稳定性进行分析；对两种重要免疫因子溶菌酶和精氨酸激酶进行克隆和表达分析。

The new type of multi-functional anticormsive coatings has been developed by using nonpoisonous raw materials and self-made multi-functional antibacterial agent.

采用无毒原材料和自制的抗菌、防霉、抗藻多功能纳米无机抗菌剂，研制了一种适用于高速公路服务区污水池内壁的多功能防腐涂料。

Resultsthe lowest spermicidal concentration of ethanol extract of rhynchosia volubilis lour roots on mouse and human sperm were 50mg/ml and 100mg/ml, respectively.the lowest inhibiting concentration of ethanol extract of rhynchosia volubilis lour roots on staphylococcus aureus, pseudomonas aeruginosa, escherichia coli, and pneumobacillus were 1.0,1.0,4.0,4.0 mg/ml,respectively.conclusionthe ethanol extract of rhynchosia volubilis lour roots has spermicidal and antibacterial effect.

结果鹿藿醇提取物对小鼠和人精子最低杀精浓度分别为50和100 mg/ml；对标准菌金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌mic分别为1.0，1.0，4.0，4.0 mg/ml。对临床分离菌金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌mic分别为0.5，2.0，8.0 mg/ml。结论鹿藿醇提取物对小鼠和人精子有一定杀精作用，对临床常见致病菌有比较强的抗菌作用。

Methods The antimicrobial peptides of housefly larvae were induced largely by infection and injury, which were isolated and purified by trituration, centrifugalization and column chromatography. Then the antimicrobial peptides with anti-Toxoplasma activity were sieved by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium colorimetric method and haemacytometry. The DNA contents of T.gondii tachyzoites were detected by flow cytometry.

通过损伤加感染的方法诱导家蝇幼虫大量表达抗菌肽，然后经过研磨、离心和层析等过程，分离纯化并筛选出抗弓形虫作用的抗菌肽，采用流式细胞术分析其对弓形虫速殖子DNA含量的影响。

The specific properties of materials, such as the palate adhesion, dynamic cruor, anti-bacterial and the degradability of lysozyme, were studied, which provide valuable data for further application. The main creative ideas are listed as follows:(1) The water-retention chitosan/poly vinyl alcohol blend fiber was obtained by coagulating in 10％ NaOH/ethanol solution, and the blend and crosslink due to GA can enhance the mechanical properties of fiber;(2) The controlled degradable chitosan/gelatin blend fiber was obtained by solution filature, and the mechanical properties were improved;(3) The N-acylchitosan with the different degree of substitution were successfully prepared, and the relationship between structure and properties was estabilished;(4) By a new solvent system of 6％ NaOH/4％ urea for cellulose, the blood anti-coagulant function films were prepared by blending cellulose with chitin;(5) In the same solvent system above mentioned, the anti-bacterial blend films based on cellulose and carboxymethyl-chitosan were prepared, and the relationship of DS and the anti-bacterial property was concluded;(6) The controlled degradable chitosan films was obtained by the chemical crosslink.

本论文的主要创新点：（1）以NaOH水溶液／无水乙醇为凝固液，采用溶液纺丝法制备出保水性壳聚糖／聚乙烯醇纤维，共混和戊二醛交联极大提高了壳聚糖纤维力学性能；（2）用壳聚糖和明胶共混，以溶液纺丝法制备出可控降解的壳聚糖／明胶纤维，并大幅度提高了壳聚糖共混纤维的干、湿态抗张强度；（3）确立了不同取代度N-酰基壳聚糖的合成方法及其膜的结构与性能的关系；（4）利用纤维素新溶剂6％NaOH／4％尿素制备出抗凝血性纤维素／甲壳素共混膜；（5）利用上述纤维素新溶剂制备出抗菌性纤维素／羧甲基壳聚糖共混膜，揭示了羧甲基壳聚糖取代度与抗菌性能的关系；（6）制备出可控降解壳聚糖交联膜。

Ermcidin is a new antibacterial peptide recently found from human sweat glands, and DCD-1L is a derivant of Dermcidin which has a broad spectrum of activities against Gram negative and positive bacteria.

CD是最近从人汗腺中发现的抗菌肽，DCD-1L是它的衍生物，能够有效地抗革兰氏阴性细菌和革兰氏阳性细菌，具有广谱的抗菌活性。

This dissertation aims at finding anticancer and antibacterial polynuclear complexes targeting DNA with high activity and low toxicity. Sixteen compounds were synthesized, and characterized by means of X-ray single crystal diffraction, elemental analysis, molar conductivity and IR, and the influencing factors on structures of the compounds have been investigated. The actions of these compounds to DNA were also investigated by spectral, electrochemical and hydromechanical methods.

本论文以DNA为靶点，以寻找新结构类型的高效、低毒的抗癌、抗菌多核配合物为目标，从分子设计出发，共合成得到了16个化合物的单晶结构，对其进行了结构表征，探讨了结构影响因素，并研究了其超分子结构；采用紫外-可见吸收光谱法、荧光光谱法、电化学和粘度法，从分子水平上研究了所得配合物与DNA的相互作用；在细胞水平上，研究了草酰胺桥联双核配合物的抗菌和抗肿瘤活性。

Spider Rubber squared, this rubber is designed with our highest coefficient of friction to be sticky on any surface and under any condition, the stickiest of all Spider Rubbers.

由于服装经常需要洗涤，将会把抗菌物质从其纤维表面洗掉，所以用这种方法生产的抗菌纤维的抗菌效果持久性比较差。

So it was primarily identified as Bacillus subtilis. In the antifungal activity test,the method of sitzkrieg culture, asynchronism culture and hyphal extension inhibition assay of plate were adopted to study the inhibitive effect of the antagonist on Fusarium graminearum, and at the same time,the test conditions were explored.

在拮抗物质抗菌活性测定的研究中，分别采用对峙培养法、异步培养法和杯碟测定法研究枯草芽孢杆菌对小麦赤霉菌的抑制作用，探索抗菌活性测定的条件。

So low-dose polymyxin B can be used safely in clinic.

多粘菌素B是一种环状阳离子多肽类抗生素，既有抗菌作用，又能拮抗内毒素活性，但其严重的肝肾毒性限制了临床应用，后来有人发现小剂量的多粘菌素B可保留中和内毒素作用，而无抗菌作用，使用安全，值得在临床上推荐使用。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。