抗菌

For a peptide to act as part of the host defense system or to be of pharmaceutical interest, high antimicrobial activity must be combined by low hemolytic activity. Our results indicated that the antimicrobial activity increased with increasing charge and polar angle, with charge of ＋4 and polar angle of 140° exhibiting the highest antibacterial and membrane permeabilizing activity. Higher hydrophobicity and hydrophobic moment correlated with increased hemolytic activity, thus decreasing selectivity dramatically.

胜肽要扮演宿主免疫机制的一部分或要成为新型态的抗生素不仅要有强大的抗菌活性还需要有高度的选择性，由本实验的结果发现，当抗菌胜肽的正电荷及极性角度增加时，胜肽之抗菌活性会随之增加，当抗菌胜肽的电荷为＋4而极性角度为 140°时，胜肽有最强之抗菌能力及膜渗透活性；而随著胜肽疏水性以及疏水性矩的增加，会增加溶血活性，结果反而降低了抗菌胜肽的选择性。

The results showed that the composite loaded abio-antimicrobials were superior to the single; Ag-Cu-carried sepiolite was the best in complex abio-antimicrobials in this article.

结果表明：复合抗菌剂比负载单一金属离子扩抗菌剂的抗菌效果好；负载银、铜的复合抗菌剂抗菌性能最佳。

objective to isolate and purify the antimicrobial peptides with anti-toxoplasma gondii activity isolated from the haemlymph of musca domestica larvae.methods the antimicrobial peptides of musca domestica larvae were induced by infection and injury were isolated and purified by trituration,centrifugalization and column chromatography.then the antimicrobial peptides with anti-toxoplasma activity were sieved by mtt colorimetric method and haemacytometry.results it was found that two antimicrobial peptides had anti-toxoplasma activity through resource s cationic column chromatography and superdex g75 gel column chromatography.conclusion the two antimicrobial peptides with anti-toxoplasma activity existing in the haemlymph of musca domestica larvae had different anti-toxoplasma effect.

作者单位：山西医科大学寄生虫教研室，太原 030001；化学生物学与分子工程教育部重点实验室山西大学生物技术研究所目的从家蝇幼虫血淋巴中分离纯化具有抗弓形虫作用的抗菌肽。方法通过损伤加感染的方法诱导家蝇幼虫大量表达抗菌肽，然后经过研磨、离心和层析等过程，将家蝇幼虫抗菌肽进行分离纯化，采用四甲基偶氮噻唑蓝比色法和血细胞计数法筛选对弓形虫速殖子有抑制作用的抗菌肽。结果经resource s阳离子柱和superdex g75凝胶柱层析后，筛选出2种对弓形虫速殖子有杀伤作用的抗菌肽。结论家蝇幼虫血淋巴中存在抗弓形虫作用的抗菌肽，而且不止一种，但其效果有所不同。

It is found to produce antimicrobial protein that is designated as APBN (antimicrobial protein of Bacillus natto). The results show that the culture has a broad antimicrobial spectrum against some Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, yeasts and moulds, especially against Shigella dysenteriae, Staphylococcus aureus and Hansenula anomala.

研究证实，纳豆菌具有广谱抗菌作用，对革兰氏阴性菌、革兰氏阳性菌、酵母菌和霉菌皆有一定的拮抗作用，特别是对痢疾志贺氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和异常汉逊酵母具有较强的抗菌作用，其抗菌作用具有良好的遗传稳定性。

Result: There were many semipolar, low-polar and nonpolar antimicrobic components in natural products, they diffused slowly in medium, it was possible for false negative and leaked screening by inhibition zone size judging only, but TTC method was better precise and reliable with the sum of indicator size without dyed by TIC and inhibition zone size.

结果：天然产物中存在中极性、弱极性甚至非极性抗菌成分，在培养基中扩散较慢，现行K-B法以透明抑菌圈为判读抗菌活性依据，会低估样品抗菌活性，甚至出现假阴性结果，造成漏筛。以不能被TTC显色的指示菌范围和透明抑菌圈之和来判读天然产物抗菌活性，提高了K-B法检测天然抗菌成分的准确性和可靠性。

Study of kinetic antibacterial activities of QJ2 against pathogen W-1 was tested by viable bacteria counts and absorbency at 600nm: 106～ 107 cfu/mL cells of W-1 began to decrease in 15 min after mixing with CFS(cell free-supernatant) of QJ2; the bacterial counts decreased to a minimum at 4h, and the numbers of bacteria began to increase after 6h. The cells of QJ2 did not show any sensitivity to its inhibitory substances in CFS. The size of active molecule in the CFS of QJ2 was smaller than 8000 Da by measuring the inhibitory activities of the fluid inside and outside the dialysis cellulose tubing. QJ2 was identified as Flavobacterium ordaratum by traditional morphological and biochemical method and API-20 identification system.

并对拮抗菌QJ2的拮抗作用进行了研究，结果为：QJ2有广泛的弧菌抗菌谱，对37株弧菌的抗菌阳性率达到89.2%(33/37)；用活菌平板计数法和O.D.600nm研究了QJ2培养物的去细胞上清液与病原菌W-1的作用动力学，15min时W-1的细菌数便开始减少，4h时细菌数最少，6h后开始增加，而对照组的细菌数呈逐渐上升趋势；QJ2对自身的拮抗物质不敏感；QJ2抗性物质的分子量不大于8000Da；经常规生理生化方法和API-20细菌快速鉴定系统鉴定，QJ2为气味黄杆菌。

Coli and S.aureus , the experiment showed that recombined gene peptide has the antibacterialactivities.Conclusion The recombined gene antibacterial peptide was expressed successfully in the fusional pTYB vetor and the fusion gene peptide CA(1 ~8-MA(l ~12),CAM has the antibacterial activities to E. coli and S.aurens. While how to frame a more efficient expression system should be studied further , and its other biological activities are still to be tested.

本实验通过基因克隆方法拼接重组基因抗菌肽与融合表达载体pTYB12并在大肠杆菌中进行表达成功，抑菌活性的检测结果表明重抗菌肤的克隆表达与活性初步测定中文摘要组基因抗菌肤CA(1一8卜MA(1一12)，cAM〕对大肠杆菌与金黄色葡萄球菌均有一定的抗菌活性，如何进一步提高抗菌肤的表达量和有关重组基因抗菌肤的生物学活性还有待于进一步研究。

Analysis and fitting of growth curves in Liyang chicken;2. The results of antibacterial spectra and growth curves of eleven strains with better antagonistic effect showed that: 4 strains isolated from NAC plate had wider range of antibacterial spectra,3 strains isolated from manganic nutrient agar plate had advantage on growth.

用点种法从大黄鱼肠道优势菌群中筛选出104株病原性副溶血弧菌的拮抗菌，进一步研究拮抗效果最好的11株拮抗菌的抗菌谱和生长曲线，其中NAC平板上筛选的4株拮抗菌的抗菌范围较广，锰营养琼脂培养基上筛选的3株拮抗菌具有生长优势。

85 And 119486/79. They are a novel type of antibiotic having both the wide antibacterial spectrum and high safety of penicillin and cephem antibiotics belonging to beta -lactam antibiotics, as well as the potent antibacterial activity and high beta -lactamase stability of carbapenem antibiotics.Sodium-(5R, 6S)-6-[-1-hydroxyethyl]-7-oxo-3- [-2-tetrahydrofuryl]-4-thia-1-azabicyclo [3.2.0] hept-2-ene-2-carboxylate 5/2 hydrate (faropenem sodium, hereinafter referred to as compound 1) is currently used as an oral drug for various infectious diseases and is reported to show potent antibacterial activity against not only methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyrogenes and Streptococcus pneumoniae but also gram-positive bacteria for which conventional beta -lactam drugs have proved ineffective such as penicillin-resistant pneumococci, oral staphylococci and enterococci, also showing a wide antibacterial spectrum covering gram-negative bacteria such as Haemophilus influenzae and anaerobic bacteria such as the genus Bacteroides, which activity is due to its novel skeleton penem ring (Kagaku Ryoho no Ryoiki The Field of Chemotherapy, Vol.

他们是一种新型的抗生素都具有广泛的抗菌谱和高度的安全青霉素和cephem抗生素，属于β-内酰胺类抗生素，以及作为强大的抗菌活性和高β-内酰胺酶稳定的碳青霉烯类antibiotics.sodium -（ 5 R ， 6 S ）-6 -[ - 1 -羟乙基] - 7 -氧- 3 - [ - 2 - t etrahydrofuryl] - 4 -硫杂- 1 -氮杂双环[ 3 。2.0]庚- 2 -节能- 2 -羧酸5 / 2水合物（法罗培南钠，以下简称为化合物1 ）是目前用来作为口服药物，为各种传染病和报道，以显示强大的抗菌活性，不仅对甲氧敏感的金黄色葡萄球菌，链球菌pyrogenes和肺炎链球菌，但也克阳性菌为常规β-内酰胺类药物已证明无效，如青霉素耐药pneumococci ，口腔葡萄球菌和肠球菌，也显示出广泛的抗菌谱，包括革兰阴性菌如流感嗜血杆菌和厌氧菌如属杆菌，这活动是由于其新颖的骨架青霉烯环（（化学ryoho没有ryoiki领域的化疗），第13卷，第10号，第74-80 ， 1997年）。

However, traditional stainless steel has no antibacterial capability, and if medical apparatus and other stainless steel products are infested with bacterials, they will not only endanger patients'life and health, but also lead to large-scale contagions.

目前抗菌不锈钢的研究主要是在制备方面，其主要方法有：高温热处理渗入抗菌离子；不锈钢冶炼中添加抗菌离子制造弥散型抗菌不锈钢；不锈钢表面涂抹抗菌层；复合性抗菌不锈钢等。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。