抗毒性

Toxic and antitoxic effects of ions.

离子的毒性及抗毒性影响。

Objective: To study the antitoxic role of vesicular monoamine transporter 2( VMAT2) in transgenic Chinese Hamster ovary cell.

目的：研究转基因中国仓鼠卵细胞中单胺囊泡转运体(VMAT2)的抗毒性作用。

In many people, this leads to a heightened endogenic defense capacity against those toxic influences and environmental stresses which inundate us from many sides.

在好多人，这会导致增强内部抗毒性物的影响和在很多方面淹没我们的环境压力的防御能力。

The terms mithridatism and mithridate were named after him.

术语抗毒性（通过毒药服用剂量渐增而产生）和万应解毒剂是以他来命名。

There are some toxic substances and antinutritional factors in flaxseed,such as anti-vitamin B6 factors and cyanogenetic glycoside,Which limit the application of flaxseed.

亚麻籽中毒性物质和抗营养因子(如抗维生素B6因子、生氰糖苷等)的存在，尤其是生氰糖苷的毒性限制了亚麻籽的使用。

Glioma is still one of refractory disease in the neurosurgical field; the development of new primary and adjuvant treatment is vital. Recently, the gene therapy of glioma is developed rapidly and there are many methods about the gene therapy that include: suicide gene therapy, immunologic gene therapy, drug resistangce gene therapy, angiostatin gene therapy and so on. The sucide gene therapy is the most potential approach of antitumer, these nonmammalian genes encode enzyme that convert nontoxic prodrugs into highly toxic metablites. Cells transfected with suicide genes are targeted for specific negative selection, witch can be induced by administrtion of the corresponding produg. Among the enzyme/produg combinations, two of the best characterized system are herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase /ganciclovir and Escherichia coli cytosine deaminase /5-flourocytosine (5-FC). The formor can convert the antiviral nucleoside analogs acyclovir , ganciclovir to their nucleoside monophosphate derivatives, the monophosphate forms are subsequently phosphorylated by endogenus cellular kinases to triphosphates, these molecules are potent inhibitors of DNA synthesis.

近年来脑胶质瘤的基因治疗发展迅速，应运而生的方法有自杀基因、免疫基因、多药耐药基因以及抗血管生成基因等，其中自杀基因被认为是最有前景的基因治疗方法，它又称病毒介导的酶／药物前体疗法，是利用转基因技术将哺乳动物细胞中所不含有的自杀基因转入到哺乳动物肿瘤细胞中，该基因表达的产物可将无毒的药物前体转化为毒性药物，从而选择性杀伤该肿瘤细胞，常用的自杀基因有单纯疱疹病毒-胸苷激酶基因和大肠杆菌胞嘧啶脱氨酶基因，前者催化无毒性抗病毒核苷类似物如丙氧鸟苷、无环鸟苷等成为单磷酸核苷衍生物，然后在内源性细胞激酶作用下转化为具有明显毒性的三磷酸核苷，作为DNA合成链的终止剂和DNA合成酶的抑制剂，干扰细胞DNA的合成；后者编码的胞嘧啶脱氨酶可催化5-氟胞嘧啶（5-FC）脱氨成为5-氟尿嘧啶（5-FU），然后代谢为有毒性的5-氟尿嘧啶-5′三磷酸（5-FUTP）和5-氟-2′脱氧尿嘧啶-5′磷酸（5-FdUTP），5-FUTP通过与UTP竞争性结合而抑制mRNA和tRNA的合成，5-FdUTP则作用于胸苷合成酶，导致TMP衰竭而阻止DNA的合成，最终诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡。

The results of bioassay indicated: 1 The new compound (compound 6) and other three compounds (compound 1, 2 and 5) showed strong anti-HIV activity (EC50.064μg/ml), compound 3 and 4 showed less activity (EC50=6.18μg/ml and 12.85μg/ml respectively); Compound 5 and 6 showed weak cytotoxicity, and compound 1-4 showed moderate cytotoxicity; 2 Compound 5 and 6 were activated to all the four tested microbial; Compound 1, 2 and 13 were activated to all the three tested bacterial, but were unactivated to the tested fungi, Penicillium avellaneumUC-4376; One of the test bacterial, Staphylococcus aurues, seemed to be sensitive to all the eleven triterpenoids.

新化合物（化合物6）和化合物1、2、5具有强烈的体外抗HIV活性，其EC50值均小于0.064μg/ml，化合物3和4也具有抗HIV活性，但活性相对较弱，EC50值分别为6.18μg/ml和12.85μg/ml；化合物1-6都具有一定的细胞毒性，且化合物5和6的细胞毒性明显弱于化合物1-4的。 2）新化合物（化合物6）和化合物5对所有四种试验菌都有一定的活性；化合物1 、2和13对三种细菌均有一定的活性，但对真菌橙色青霉UC-4367（Penicillium avellaneum UC-4376）无活性；金黄色葡萄球菌对所有11个三萜都较为敏感。

The LD50 of acute toxicity to mice and chronic accumulated toxicity to bandicoots of crude and processed Radix Aristolochice were observated.Intestinal and myokinetic influence of normal and revulsive hyperactive gastrointestinal motility of mice induced by neostigmine were observated by giving aqueous extract and alcoholic extract of crude and processed Radix Aristolochice.Relieving pain and eliminating inflammation to mice also were observated .

采用小鼠急性毒性和大鼠蓄积性毒性方法观察青木香炮制前后对小鼠急性毒性LD50和对大鼠的慢性蓄积性毒性作用；观察了青木香炮制前后的水煎剂和醇提物对正常和新斯的明诱导的胃肠运动机能亢进小鼠肠肌运动的影响；并观察了对小鼠的镇痛和抗炎作用。

In part two, dibenzoxanthene (2~7, 14~16), the oxidation products of naphthols, were found to be of notable anti-tumor activity to several kinds of tumor and relatively lower toxicity to normal tissue, which implied a promising application for new anti-tumor drugs.

在第二部分，体外抗肿瘤活性实验结果显示，萘酚类化合物的氧化产物中，二苯并咕吨类化合物（2~7，14~16）对多种肿瘤细胞具有较显著的细胞毒性和相对较低的正常细胞毒性，具有良好的抗肿瘤新药开发前景。

Toxicities of methanol, propylene glycol and n, n-dimethylformamide were lower than the others when sea perch and Japanese flounder embryos were exposed to 6 cryoprotectents, respectively.

鲈鱼尾芽期胚胎在十种稀释液中分别处理后，DS1组的胚胎成活率最高(95％)，与海水对照组没有显著差异。鲈鱼和牙鲆胚胎单一抗冻剂的毒性实验结果表明，甲醇、1，2-丙二醇和二甲基甲酰胺的毒性低于其它三种抗冻剂的毒性。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。