抗按蚊的

So, Anopheles dirus-Plasmodium yoelii is a suitable model for study of defense mechanism of mosquito.

为了系统研究按蚊抗疟的分子机制，特别是PPO基因在黑化包被疟原虫反应中的作用。

Gravid An. sinensis demonstrated significant negative taxis towards bacteria A4 and Aeromonas sp., as well as slight taxis to Enterobacter sp., implying that the three bacteria were not the dietary preference for An. sinensis. However, in light of the possibility of their stable colonization into mosquito's guts, these strains may serve as the host cells of larvicide genes and transgenic anopheline antimalarial genes.

中华按蚊产卵时对A4菌和气单胞菌具有明显的负趋性，而对肠杆菌仅具有微弱的趋向性，推测这3种细菌可能不是中华按蚊食物的优先选择，但具有在蚊中肠内较为稳定存活的可能性，因此更适合于作为蚊幼生物杀虫基因的寄主细胞和仿转基因按蚊抗疟基因的寄主细胞被应用。

Malaria remains a leading cause of human morbidity and mortality due to the inability of insecticides and chemotherapy/chemoprohylaxis to eliminate the Anopheline mosquito vectors or disease caused by protozoan parasite belonging to genus Plasmodium.

疟疾仍然是一种严重危害人类健康的寄生虫病。由于抗药虫株以及媒介按蚊耐药性的不断发生和蔓延，世界疟疾形势日趋恶化，防制难度不断加大。因此，研制高效疟疾疫苗是控制和消灭疟疾的重要途径。

In order to reach this goal,the primary basic research work is to clone,evaluate and analyse the function of the genes that support or impact the development of malaria parasites in the mosquito vecter and the study on the mechanisms of innative immune defence responses against Plasmodium infection.

于上世纪九十年代，WHO提出了基因操纵蚊媒的新策略，而寻找支持或抑制疟原虫在蚊体内发育的相关基因，克隆、鉴定及分析其功能，以及研究按蚊抗疟原虫感染的先天性免疫反应机制是实现这一策略的重要前提。

Innate immunity-associated genes were successfully cloned. The association between T6 and melanotic encapsulation remains to be determined.

本研究成功地克隆了与先天免疫相关的大劣按蚊差异基因，进一步的实验分析提示该基因可能与按蚊抗约氏疟原虫感染的黑化反应相关。

The melanotic phenomena mediated by PPO is widespread in both mosquitoes and other insects that being involved in sclerotization and canning of the egg shell and cuticle,wound healing and encapsulation of invading microorganisms.

目前，已从冈比亚按蚊克隆到6种不同的PPO基因，但斯氏按蚊与库态按蚊仅克隆到一种，并对其在按蚊抗疟原虫感染中的作用进行了初步研究。

When she jabs her proboscis into a person's epidermis to drink blood, she sprays the bite area with saliva that serves as an anticoagulant. If her last victim had malaria, that saliva will contain one-celled malaria parasites called plasmodia, a couple of dozen of which can enter the human bloodstream. But it only takes one to kill a person.

当按蚊的雌蚊猛刺进人的皮肤吸血时，还会喷射抗凝剂，假如它叮咬的是患有疟疾的病人，那么雌蚊也就把疟原虫吸进它的体内，然后她又去叮咬其它的人，又把雌蚊体内的疟原虫传播到另外的人造成新的疟疾病人。

Objective To determine the oviposition responses of Anopheles sinensis to bacteria A4, Aeromonas sp. and Enterobacter sp. and whether or not the three strains attracted the mosquitoes, providing theoretical and experimental evidence for the application of the three bacteria in the intervention of malaria. Methods Blood?fed and held for 48-60 h, copulated female An.

目的 具吸引作用的细菌或其挥发物能提高按蚊与杀虫或抗疟工程细菌接触的机会，为此，拟测定中华按蚊对A4细菌、气单胞菌和肠杆菌的产卵反应特性，以明确3种细菌对中华按蚊是否具有吸引特性，为应用这3种细菌开展阻断疟疾传播研究提供理论和实验依据。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。