批评家

The term intertextuality was first coined by Julia Kristeva in 1967, based on Bakhtin's theory of "dialogism" and "polyphony". It indicates every literary work is a matter of convention and a reworking of old works.

内容提要"互文性"这一术语最早是由法国文学批评家和女性主义学者朱丽娅·克丽斯蒂娃根据巴赫金的"对话性"和"复调"理论推演而来的，指文学本身存在着互涉关系，任何作品都存在着对传统文化的承袭和对以往作品的模仿。

A Tale of Two Cities has been regarded by many critics as the least Dickensian one among all Dickenss masterpieces. Some critics even considered the novel a failure that should be outside the Dickens canon.

双城记》被很多批评家认为是一部最不具有狄更斯写作特点的小说，因为这部作品的重点不是刻画人物而是编织情节，而且表现人物主要手段也不是对话而是事件和行为，这些都与狄更斯以往颇受欢迎的风格大相径庭。

Disconcertingly for critics, the vast majority of the Russian population seems to like the game and to support Mr Putin, whose popularity rating is consistently above 70%.

令批评家深感不安的是，绝大多数俄罗斯的民众似乎喜欢这个游戏，而且支持普京，他的民众支持率也持续保持在百分之七十以上。

Critics believe that some or all of these policies are wrong and discriminatory.

批评家则认为，BSA的某些规定是错误的，且有种族歧视之嫌。

Rising abruptly that the black feminism criticizes, is that doubleness that the woman suffers with black to the race and nature oppresses cannot to part,"coming into being that the black feminism criticizes since the black daughter critic and the writer realize the white race male sex and the female , black male sex is that heresy , this have helped to bring about all in the experience looking on self experience as a standard but looking at the black woman".

黑人女权主义批评的崛起，是与黑人妇女遭受到种族和性的双重压迫分不开的，"由于黑人女批评家和作家意识到白人男性和女性、黑人男性都在将自己的经验作为标准而视黑人妇女的经验为异端，这就促成了黑人女权主义批评的诞生"。

Although Drabble has gained the literary critics spotlight and has a high reputation among readers all over the world, she is yet a new face to most of the Chinese.

在世界文坛，德拉布尔因其崇高声誉，常常是文学批评家和女性读者所热衷追踪的对象，而在中国，我们对她的研究却还刚刚开始。

Dreiser was criticized by critics and readers because he didn't give any comment on her degeneration.

由于作者未对她的堕落行为做出任何评价，也因此受到批评家和读者的指责。

ABSTRACT William Empson was a famous English poet and literary critic.

威廉·燕卜荪是英国著名诗人和文学批评家。

In addition to the same social concern, Empson's verbal analysis, especially in his Seven Types of Ambiguity, implies a more important concern and understanding towards life itself.

燕卜荪的词语分析，尤其是《含混七型》里，除了同样表现出这种社会关怀外，更重要的是表现了燕卜荪作为诗人和批评家对于生命本身的关注和理解。

Chapter Ⅴ is about the relationship between Empson's analytical explanation of Shakespeare's poetic effects and the scientific movement appeared in literary criticism in 1930s. In 20th century, influenced by development in natural science, New Critics, headed by Richards, devoted themselves to transferring literary criticism from literary enjoyment to scientific study.

第五章讨论了燕卜荪用分析的方法来阐释莎剧的诗意与30年代文学批评中出现的科学主义思潮的关系。20世纪受自然科学发展的影响，以新批评为主流的批评家们在瑞恰兹的推动下，致力于将文学批评从一种艺术欣赏变成科学研究。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐