批判性

Coincidently, in China, there are these young artists who are present during this exhibition, who rebel the tradition, doubt and worry the reality; facing the prosperous image of the world modern art with a "marginal" attitude of real artists, and keep distance with gaudy social climber; with missional responsibility and criticalness, they enter into personal experience and thinking.

巧如斯，在中国有这样一些正如我们此次画展推出的年青艺术家，他们把对传统的叛逆和对现实的质疑与忧患自觉地保持一起；以真正艺术家的"边缘"的态度，面对国际当代艺术一片繁荣的景象，疏离于趋炎附势的媚俗；带着一种使命感和批判性，"远离大叙事、反符号化、反政治化，"进入个体化的体验和思考。

The path to educating thinking quality has: regarding the convergent thinking as the core to educating deepness; regarding the divergent thinking as the core to educating flexibility and originality; regarding the discrimination of thinking as the core to educating criticalness; regarding the skip thinking as the core to educating agility.

培养思维品质的途径有：以收敛思维为核心，培养思维的深刻性；以发散思维为核心，培养思维的灵活性和独创性；以思维辨析为核心，培养思维的批判性；以跳跃思维为核心，培养思维的敏捷性。

First,inspected Zhang Tianyi novel's practical pursue and the criticalness strengthens,he can always adhere to the spirit of realism,and integrates own life to realize from experience,entrusts with its meaning of the times,has affected the new writers' creative thinking,and find a new way for the left-wing literature being forward;next, Zhang Tianyi profited from some theatrical creation factor to realize its satire intention,has had the important influence to the 1930's satire literatures,expanded its influence,urged the satire literature to move towards flourishing;Once again, Zhang Tianyi novel's modernity search has made the preliminary conformity and the standard to Modern Chinese Literature's modernity reforming regards the realism ideological trend in China's changing,its modernity value and the significance, were urging the literature powerfully in 1930's to modernized forward.

首先，考察了张天翼小说的写实性追求和批判性强化，他能够始终坚持写实的精神，并融入自己的生命体悟，赋予其时代的意义，影响了新文学作家的创作思维，为正在前进中的左翼文学找到了新的路向；其次，张天翼借鉴了一些戏剧性的创作因素来实现其讽刺的意图，对30年代的讽刺文学产生了重要影响，扩大了其影响，促使着讽刺文学逐渐走向繁兴；再次，张天翼小说的现代性探求对中国现代文学的现代性转型做出了初步的整合和规范来看待现实主义思潮在中国的流变，其所具有的现代性价值与意义，有力地促使着文学在1930年代向现代化的迈进。

Through the Confucianist and the Mohist school,as well as all of the various schools of thought then,Qu Yuan had criticalness reconsidering with careful examining.And with the foundation which carefully examined has established the worship and the belief in this kind of reconsidering to the Confucianist ethics values.Further more,the union at that time world situation and the Chu country special details perform the creative dissertation explanation. Qu Yuan has formed his own values and the ideal object in life.

屈原深受楚文化思想的熏陶，对当时的儒墨显学及诸子百家多有批判性的反思与审视，并在这种反思与审视的基础上确立了对儒家伦理价值观的崇奉与信仰，结合当时天下大势和楚国具体情况加以创造性的论说阐释，形成了自己的价值观念和理想人生目标。

Manfredo Tafuri, the Italian architecture criticizer, indicates,"Every architecture has it own meaning of criticism."

塔夫里指出："任何建筑都拥有自身的批判性内涵"。

There has always been, however, a critical tension between Sontag's aesthetic ideas and popular culture as she never allows herself to follow the trend in a blind way. For example, she defined the "camp" style as a marginalized cultural phenomenon between high culture and avant-garde culture, which aimed at maintaining the "dandified" and "defamiliarized" aesthetic taste in avant-garde and popular arts, in order to counter "automation" and long-standing binary opposites of elite and popular cultures.

桑塔格的美学思想并非是随波逐流，而是与流行文化始终保持着一种批判性的张力，如她把"矫饰"风格定义为高雅艺术与前卫艺术之间的"边缘"文化现象，其作用是在前卫艺术中保持"花花公子"的审美趣味，在大众文化中凸显反常化的姿态以抗拒"自动化"，从而消弭精英文化与大众文化的长期二元对立的格局。

Critical deism attacked and downgraded conventional Christianity.

批判性的自然神论攻击并贬低了传统的基督教。

On that disagreement is nothing to be afraid of.

不幸的是，现在的中国人里面有一种被广泛接受的看法：批判性思考和

The author argues that we should change our view of art as expressed in the notion of disinterestedness, shift the focus of our studies from high art and traditional aesthetics to the aesthetic phenomena of the daily life,and pay critical attention to the new forms of social inequality and power relations hidden behind the process of aestheticization.

面对这种现象，美学与文艺学工作者应该突破审美活动的自律性观念，打破美学研究的传统对象，关注日常生活的审美化并寻找美学研究的新的生长点；同时，必须警惕日常生活审美化中存在的新的不平等现象，批判性分析新媒介人阶层的社会角色与意识形态，揭示审美化与大众消费主义意识形态以及市场逻辑的合谋。

The dissertation is to study the system, characteristics, inner and outer condition; to firstly disjoin four phases that are gestation period (1840 ~ 1894), formation period (1894 ~ 1902), new politics runtime (1902~1911), the early Republic runtime (1912~1919); to establish a academic and actual analytical frame for the neoteric moral transformation; to make the concrete characters of every phase clear; to probe the deep-seated reasons of the incomplete transformation.

通过批判性的反思意识，具体考察了中国传统德育的体系构成、特点以及转型的内、外历史条件，首次创造性地划分了德育转型的酝酿期（1840～1894）、形成期（1894～1902）、"新政"运作期（1902～1911）和民初运作期（1912～1919）四个时期，确立了德育近代转型的理论和实践分析框架，厘清了每个阶段观念转型、运作转型的具体表现形态，剖析了近代德育不完全转型的深层次原因。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。