批判

Critical spirit ; practice dialectics ; dialogue ; sublate ; scientific criticism ; value criticism ; reflection

批判精神；实践辩证法；对话；扬弃；科学批判；价值批判；反思

This thesis unfurls its theoretical exploration with the premise that animadverting thinking is philosophical mode of thinking.It analyses and compares the animadverting mode of thinking contained in Chinese and western philosophy,anticipating to do some valuable research and pondering upon the future development of Chinese philosophy with animadverting mode of thinking with a accreted Chinese and western perspective.

本文就是在哲学思维方式的层面上对批判的思维方式展开理论探讨，并对中国哲学和西方哲学蕴含着的批判的思维方式进行分析比较，期望以一种中西融通的批判的思维方式对中国哲学未来的发展进行有价值的研究与思考。

Cassirer's cultural philosophy model made his philosophy changed from rational animadversion to cultural animadversion, but it also can't avoid escaping transcendental mentalism, and can't exceed Kant's transcendental animadverted philosophy in the end.

卡西尔文化哲学的哲学模式使他的哲学从理性批判走向了文化批判，但却仍然不可避免地难逃先验唯心主义，最终还是没有超越康德的先验批判哲学。

Adorno's view," This is not only a scientific understanding of the objective critique of the world, but is also on the subjectivity of the 'objectifying' interpretation of criticism, so is a priori, a 'survival of the survival theory analysis' and the possibility of criticism."

在阿多诺看来，&这不仅是对客观世界的科学理解的批判，而且同样也是对主观性的'客观化'解释的批判，因此是对一个先验、一个'生存的生存论分析'的可能性的批判。&

Marx sublates the German Ideology through out the critic on Stirner, the performance of it, is the critic on the Ego and Its Own by word and charpter ,and also is the burn and useness of the concept of Experience ,Ideology,community and the Real Individual.Marx sets up the arthority of Empirical way through out the critic on Stirner's hallucination which is belong to Don Quixote.

马克思对德意志意识形态的批判和扬弃，是通过对施蒂纳的批判来实现的，不但表现在马克思在《德意志意识形态》中对施蒂纳和他的《唯一者及其所有物》的逐章、逐节以至于逐句的批判上，也具体表现在马克思对&经验&、&意识形态&、&共同体&和&现实的个人&等概念的形成与使用上。

In "The Significant Transformation of Lenin's Theory of Subject and Object: A Comparative Study of 'Criticism of Materialism', and 'Philosophical Notes"', the author didn't understand the criticism on empiriocriticism in "Criticism of Materialism"--essentially empiriocriticism is subjective idealism, distorted and adulterated Lenin's real idea on subject and object at random, thought wrongly that "Philosophical Notes" affirmed the origin of empiriocriticism, the unity of subject and object, but that "Criticism of Materialism "made a mistake of denying the unity of subject and object.

吕国忱的《列宁主体客体观的重大转变―＜唯批＞与＜哲学笔记＞之比较研究》一文，误解了《唯批》对经验批判主义批判的实质，任意歪曲、篡改列宁关于主体、客体的本意，错误地认为《哲学笔记》肯定了经验批判主义的根源即主客体的统一，而《唯批》却发生了否定主客体统一的错误。

While the resolution of logic issues of rational criticism presented a new kind of criticism: cultural criticism.

而对理性批判逻辑问题的解决，展示了新的批判形态——文化批判。

Of higher criticism to undermine people's faith in the Bible, and they began to use the term "higher critic" as if it meant "someone who pulls the Bible to pieces."

他们也对批判主义者实施更加严厉的批判，好像批判主义者意味着&要将圣经撕毁&似的。

Kant's unorthodox religious teachings, which were based on rationalism rather than revelation, brought him into conflict with the government of Prussia, and in 1792 he was forbidden by Frederick William II, king of Prussia, to teach or write on religious subjects.

如《纯粹理性批判》（1781）、《实践理性批判》（1788）、《判断力批判》（1790）。1793年《在理性范围内的宗教》出版后被指控为滥用哲学，歪曲并蔑视基督教的基本教义；于是政府要求康德不得在讲课和著述中再谈论宗教问题。

With the development of mature thinking of Marx,Marx has carried on the comprehensive criticism to Proudhon, and this kind of criticism is mainly achieved by political economy criticism.

随着马克思思想的发展成熟，马克思对蒲鲁东进行了全面的批判，这种批判又主要是通过对政治经济学的批判来完成的。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。