批判

Nevertheless, if I wished to give some sort of indication by choosing one or two "names," and by recalling those authors in whose discourses this occurrence has most nearly maintained its most radical formulation, I would probably cite the Nietzschean critique of metaphysics, the critique of the concepts of being and truth, for which were substituted the concepts of play, interpretation, and sign; the Freudian critique of self-presence, that is, the critique of consciousness, of the subject, of self-identity and of self-proximity or self-possession; and, more radically, the Heideggerean destruction of metaphysics, of onto-theology, of the determination of being as presence.

假如，我们无论如何要以直陈的名义选择一些"特殊的名字"，提及一些最能表征这种发生过程之极端形式的作者的话，那无疑地就得引用尼采对形而上学和存在及真理概念的批判，因为这些概念被游戏、解释、和符号的概念(即无在场真理的符号概念)所代替；就得引用弗洛伊德对自我呈现的批判，也就是说对意识、主体、自我一致性、自我临近、自我同性的批判：更激进一点，就得引用海德格尔对形而上学、存在论神学、作为在场的存在的规定性的解构。

This paper illustrates the theory's initiation in the early period of Marxism and indicates that it was characterized by romanticist criticism reflecting subjectivism.

本文主要对马克思社会批判最初思想形成时期进行了分析和梳理，表明主观主义的浪漫主义批判是马克思这一时期社会批判的主要特征。

It is also a critique of the entire intellectual apparatus that accompanies the socialist idea, including the implicit religious doctrines behind Western socialist thinking, a cultural critique of socialist teaching on *** and marriage, an refutation of syndicalism and corporatism, an examination of the implications of radical human inequality, an attack on war socialism, and refutation of collectivist methodology.

它也是对陪伴随社会主义思想的整个思想武库的批判，包括对西方社会主义思想背后暗含的宗教教义的批判，对社会主义教导的性观念和婚姻观念的文化批判，对工会运动主义和社会统合主义的驳斥，对暗示人类极其不平等的审问，对为社会主义而战的攻击，以及对集体主义方法论的驳斥。

It is also a critique of the entire intellectual apparatus that accompanies the socialist idea, including the implicit religious doctrines behind Western socialist thinking, a cultural critique of socialist teaching on sex and marriage, an refutation of syndicalism and corporatism, an examination of the implications of radical human inequality, an attack on war socialism, and refutation of collectivist methodology.

它也是对陪伴随社会主义思想的整个思想武库的批判，包括对西方社会主义思想背后暗含的宗教教义的批判，对社会主义教导的性观念和婚姻观念的文化批判，对工会运动主义和社会统合主义的驳斥，对暗示人类极其不平等的审问，对为社会主义而战的攻击，以及对集体主义方法论的驳斥。

This paper introduces Habermas" theory of modernity from the four dimensions (historical research, language criticism, social criticism and life world criticism) according to the problems existed in present studies on Habermas" theory of modernity.

本文针对哈贝马斯现代性理论研究所存在的问题，提出了从四个维度(历史考察、语言批判、社会批判和生活批判)来分析哈贝马斯的现代性理论。

Western Marxism inherits Marx"s critical spirit, criticizing drastically the developmental capitalist countries" economy,politics and culture .The cultural critical theory is most arrestive.

西方马克思主义继承了马克思的批判精神，对发达资本主义社会的经济、政治、文化都进行了激烈批判，其中，文化批判最引人注目。

They ought to follow Marx'sthought of emancipating mankind and his theoretic logic ofcriticism on the basis of clarifying the standards of humanexistence. Facing the dilemmatic reality of modernity, theymust try to develop a social critical theory that containsboth the critical spirit of Marxism and%26amp;nb sp;the issue of humanliberty and liberation.

在对人类生存规范基础的先行澄明基础上，依照马克思关于人类解放的问题意识和针对原本批判的理论逻辑，着眼于现代性两难的现实，努力发展一种既内含马克思理论的批判精神，又带有指向人类自由、解放实践倾向的社会批判理论，这便是当代马克思主义者的历史责任。

The aim of this paper is to illustrate the basic difficulties of total claims and the problems of unit science by the example of economics. It holds that we must both respect the disciplinal knowledge and break the limits of disciplinal thinking, and advocate one kind of post-disciplinal thinking that maintains both disciplinal knowledge with strict limits and exterior critiques.

本文的目标在于阐明总体性声称的基本困难，并以&经济学帝国主义&之例指出&统一科学&的问题，强调必须同时尊重学科知识有效性和超越学科思维的禁锢从而维持人文研究的批判和自我批判向度，并在此基础上主张具有严格边界的学科知识发展与外部批判共举的&后学科思维&。

The incorrect thoughts of crime beneficial theory and relativism idea of criminality existing in do mesic criminal law circle have a spreading tendency,while one of the supportive Viewpoint is to consider that criminal has positive function of arousing examine feeling,i.e criminal can arouse the examine aesthetic feeling of public,which will offer a kind of service to the society.

国内刑法学界当前存在着不正确的&犯罪有益论&、&相对主义犯罪观&思潮，并且有日益漫延的趋势，而其支撑性观点之一，是认为犯罪具有&唤起审判感&的正面功能，即犯罪可以唤起公众的审美感，从而也是为社会提供一种&服务&。对于这一学说的批判，应当逐一进行，而关于犯罪具有唤起审美感观点的批判，是反思和批判此类观点的重要内容。

Heidegger's criticism of subjectivistic philosophy is realized through his criticism to the explanation given by subjectivistic philosophy of such concept as subject,world,truth, temporality, being,etc., which constituted a magnificent scenery of a confrontation of ideas.

这种批判首先是对主体性哲学的&主体&概念本身的批判，在此基础上，海德格尔还相继对这种哲学的&世界＼&真理&、&时间&、&存在等概念进行了系统而彻底的批判，从而在我们面前展现了一幅波澜壮阔的思想斗争的画卷。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。