批判

The former is criticized because of its instrumentalism and normative vacuity and the latter because of its relativism, foundationalism, and utopianism.

前者因为它的工具性和规范性被批判，后者由于其相对主义，基础主义和乌托邦主义被批判。

In order to explain why can transition from Marx" s politics economic critique theory to new-Marxist" s society culture theory and this transition valuably research about human beings how to go out cultural-history trouble predicament and the crisis circumstance of industry society in 20th century .

以此来说明从马克思的政治经济批判理论到新马克思主义者的社会文化批判理论得以转变的理路，及这种转变对于20世纪人类的文化——历史困境的出路和工业社会的危机状况进行了有价值的探索。

After defining the feminine literary criticism from " Female Angle of View ", this paper gives the general description of the practice of Chinese literary criticism since 1900's as well as the analysis of individual characteristics, with the purposes of showing the spirit of creativity and vigorousness in it and giving a summarization of the deficiency in practicing. And all the work is done from three aspects:(1) Reconstruction and construction concentrating on the traditional literary criticism: that is to critique the masculinism in the traditional culture, to get the knowledge of the male writer's gender discrimination, and to find the source of feminine literature by the way of resistance-like reading.

本文从"女性视角"界定了女性主义文学批评的内涵，对20世纪以来中国女性主义文学批评实践，采用总体描述和个体研究特征分析相结合的方式，以彰显女性主义文学批评的学术创新活力、总结其实践中存在的不足为宗旨，从三个方面进行梳理整合：解构与建构，对传统文化的批判：批判传统文化话语中的男性中心主义，解读男性作家的性别歧视，运用抗拒式的阅读方式寻找女性主义文学传统。

With the continuously extending of the feminist's horizon and the range of their research, they change their direction from the criticism of the androcentric to the criticism of the European-centered theory.

随着女性主义者的视野和研究范围的不断扩大，她们由对男性至上的批判转向对欧洲中心论的批判。

The basic method with Marx critically culture and conclusion are critically to current culture the development with culture philosophy still is one inspires sexual fountainhead, it is important to have disentomb value.

马克思文化批判的基本方法和结论对于当今文化批判和文化哲学的发展仍是一个启发性源泉，具有重要的发掘价值。

As this reveals the collision between two completely different cultures and out of human beings' instinct reaction,people started many divertive debates towards it one after another on diffrent attitudes and standpoints and body art has gradually become a special phonomenon which keeps showing itself on squares and in communities in cities all over China,which makes it fail to free from the public attention.

展现在儒家思想根蒂的中国人面前，在两种思想文化的碰撞中以及人的本能反应下，人们以各种心态立场发生了一场场有趣的大批判，在批判中人体艺术逐渐成为公共视野不可忽视的一道独特风景蔓延在各个城市广场社区中，人们说道着或者&人身&攻击或者以开放的眼光接受。

Any frame work and bind of empiricism, doctrinism and those unfavorable to constructing the socialistic culture with Chinese feature, no matter traditional Chinese culture or western culture or the culture of the view of Marxist materialism, should be destructed; any nihilism and arroganism unsuitable for the tendency of globalization and the background of informational era should be animadverted; those extreme ideology featured with the outmoded thought of cold war and the variety of ideology under new background with extreme nationalism as its main content should also be destructed and animadverted.

无论是中国传统文化、西方文化、马克思主义唯物史观文化，对于一切不利于有中国特色社会主义现代化建设的、经验主义的、教条主义的框架和束缚，要解构；对于一切不符合全球化潮流、信息时代大背景的民族虚无主义、民族自大主义都要进行批判；对于旧的以冷战思维为特色的极端意识形态，以及以极端民族主义为主要内容在新背景下的意识形态变种，也要进行解构和批判。

For example, Carl Mitcham divided the technology philosophy into two kinds, i.e., the engineering philosophy of technology and humanist philosophy of technology, and he didn't attribute Marcuse's idea to either of the two kinds but to the part of the traditional social critique of technology. On the other hand, Egbert Schuurman divided the technology belongs to either of them but to a technological type of social critique.

舒尔曼。米切姆把技术哲学分为工程学的技术哲学和人文主义的技术哲学，他把马尔库塞作为与他们不同的一种类别，归为技术的社会批判传统的一部分；舒尔曼把技术研究分为超越论者和实证论者两个类别，马尔库塞并不属于其中的任何一种，他也是把马尔库塞看成是社会批判的技术类型。

For example, Carl Mitcham divided the technology philosophy into two kinds, i.e., the engineering philosophy of technology and humanist philosophy of technology, and he didn't attribute Marcuse's idea to either of the two kinds but to the part of the traditional social critique of technology. On the other hand, Egbert Schuurman divided the technological Ramp;D into transcendentalism and positivism, and he didn't think that Marcuse's philosophy of technology belongs to either of them but to a technological type of social critique.

舒尔曼。米切姆把技术哲学分为工程学的技术哲学和人文主义的技术哲学，他把马尔库塞作为与他们不同的一种类别，归为技术的社会批判传统的一部分；舒尔曼把技术研究分为超越论者和实证论者两个类别，马尔库塞并不属于其中的任何一种，他也是把马尔库塞看成是社会批判的技术类型。

Explores what is challenged now concerning the empirical turn of the philosophy of technology in view of the cause and effect of the development of cultural criticism on technology The classical cultural criticism on technology is discussed through an analysis made for the contradiction between Heidegger's phenomenological standpoint based on existentialism and his hermeneutic methodology taken for studying the philosophy of technology Then, the inexhaustiveness of empiristic methodology that is currently prevailing in cultural study on technology is discussed further to expound the necessity for "embodying" as an empiristic methodology to study the technological culture The way to spread over the embodying in technological study is therefore taken into account to deepen the empirical turn of philosophy of technology

从技术文化批判理论发展脉络的视角探讨技术哲学经验转向所面临的问题，即通过对海德格尔存在论现象学立场与他在技术哲学研究方面采用的解释学方法论的矛盾的解析，讨论了技术文化批判经典理论存在的问题；以此为出发点，讨论了当下技术的文化研究在经验方法上的不彻底性，从而阐明了技术文化研究走向&切身化&经验方法的必要性；讨论了对技术展开&切身化&研究的基本思路，以此作为深化技术哲学经验转向的途径。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。