扰动

Correlation analysis of the two lists of the probe signals are done by using the statistic method. Void wave instantaneous velocity probability distribution graphs and the graphs of a relation between void wave average velocities and fluxes are obtained. The comparison between the fitting lines and the theoretical formulation of void wave velocity is drap.

通过统计的方法对两列探针获得的局部瞬时空隙率信号进行相关性处理，得到不同流量和不同外加扰动下空隙率波瞬时波速概率分布图及空隙率波平均波速和流体流速关系图，并对空隙率波平均波速拟合直线和空隙率波波速理论公式进行比较。

Current dual control is designed base on dynamic and static performances. The typical I model is used to design inner current controller in order to obtain quickly following performance. The typical II model is used to design outer current controller in order to obtain high resistive performance.

分析设计充放电装置的电流双闭环控制：对电流内环采用典型Ⅰ型系统设计电流控制器，以获得较快的电流跟随性；而对电流外环控制则采用典型的Ⅱ型系统设计电流控制器，以提高装置的抗扰动性，实现阶段的恒流充放电。

Applying the convexification of nonconvex function and the theorem in Chapter 2, we establish the perturbed optimization in the bounded subsets of the dual of locally convex spaces

运用非凸函数凸化的方法以及第二章给出的命题，在局部凸空间的对偶空间的有界子集上建立相应的的扰动优化和变分原理

Wanka studied two kinds of dualproblem in finite dimensional space, namely, an extended Fenchel type and Fenchel-Lagrange dual based on the conjugate theorem in convex optimization problem.

Wanka利用有限维空间中凸优化问题的共轭理论，研究了两类对偶问题，即广义Fenchel对偶问题和Fenchel-Lagrange对偶问题，后者是经典Fenchel和Lagrange对偶问题的组合，二者都是在扰动理论基础上产生的，还提出了一个约束条件保证其凸优化问题中强对偶成立。

W anka studied two kinds of dualproblem in finite dimensional space,namely,an extended Fenchel type and FenchelˉLagrange dual based on the conjugate theorem in convex optimization problem.The latter is a"combination"of the classical Fenchel dual and Lagrange dual,which are based on perturbation theory.Then they introduced a constraint qualification whose fulfillment is sufficient in order to guarantee strong duality.

W anka利用有限维空间中凸优化问题的共轭理论，研究了两类对偶问题，即广义Fenchel对偶问题和FenchelˉLagrange对偶问题，后者是经典Fenchel和Lagrange对偶问题的组合，二者都是在扰动理论基础上产生的，还提出了一个约束条件保证其凸优化问题中强对偶成立。

The simulation results show that the proposed scheme can efficaciously reduce the influence of the periodic disturbance and uncertainties of PMLSM servo system, and make the system have good robustness and tracking performance.

仿真结果表明，该控制方案有效抑制了PMLSM伺服系统的周期性扰动及不确定性，提高了系统的鲁棒性和跟踪特性。

In the fourth chapter we deal with the eigenspace (see 4.1) and singular space (see 4.2) perturbations.

第四章讨论了特征空间(见§4.1)和奇异空间见§4.2的扰动。

These two things are what we will study in sectionⅢ. We call them GS and PS. In this section we will study the impact of the two and the relationship between them. Of course, there are some other ways to observe the problem. One of them is to consider the period and the distribution of eigenspace. These are what we will study in sectionⅡ.

这两方面也就是本文中第三章所讲的生成序列和扰动序列，这一章中我们主要研究了这两个因素对分数傅立叶变换算子的影响及它们之间的关系；当然还有另一种看问题的角度就是从算子的周期性和特征子空间的分布的角度，这就是第二章中所介绍的内容，在这里我们给出了两个三周期的分数傅立叶变换算子并比较了其特征性质。

Disturbance electric field ; ionospheric storm ; equatorial ionospheric anomaly ; simulation

扰动电场；电离层暴；赤道异常；模拟

Taking two major storms in October-November 2003 for example,the effects of plasma transportation,which is caused by equatorial disturbance electric field,on low-latitude storm time ionospheric variations at given locations were studied near 105°E.

研究表明，电场能引起电离层foF2的复杂变化。在2003年11月19~24日孤立磁暴事件中，扰动电场在电离层暴初期起主导作用，向上和向极漂移的等离子体造成赤道异常峰南侧海口站电离层负暴和北侧重庆及兰州站正暴。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。