扰动

Particularly, when the dimension of input space of the column reduced interval polynomial fraction model is one, the result can be reduced to the well-known Box theorem in robust control.

为了使这种模型更接近于实际系统，文中分别采用了范数有界的加性扰动和乘性扰动以及Gap度量来反映系统的非结构扰动部分。

In this paper, the JFO condition, satisfied with global mass continuity, is incorporated into an universal Reynolds equation with micro-polar fluid which is solved for the oil film pressure using OSM and FEM. The bearing load capacity and friction resistance were given, and stiffness/damping coefficients and critical rotor mass were obtained by solving a pressure perturbation equation with micro-polar lubricants.

本文采用满足全流场质量连续的JFO边界条件，采用微极性流体的广义雷诺方程来求解油膜压力分布，进而获得油膜承载力和粘性阻力等轴承动力特性量；采用小参数摄动法得出油膜压强扰动方程，并采用有限元法解出扰动压强，积分扰动压强获得油膜的阻尼系数和刚度系数，进而求得了表示轴承油膜稳定性的临界转子质量。

By re-constructing the system, the residual error dynamic characteristics of unknown input and fault signals including unknown disturbances and modelling error are obtained. The energy norm indexes of disturbance and fault signals of residual error are selected separately to reflect the restraint of disturbance and the sensitivity of faults, and the design of fault detection observer is described as an optimization problem.

通过对系统进行重构，获取了包括未知扰动、建模误差等未知输入信号和故障信号的残差动态特性，分别选取残差的扰动信号和故障信号的能量范数指标来体现其对扰动的抑制作用和对故障的灵敏性，并将故障检测观测器的设计描述为一个优化问题。

The property of translate invariant transformation in randomly-perturbed periodic structure is widely extended, owing to the demonstration of its origin from the spectral periodicity of the periodic structure.

4指出无序扰动周期结构中关于局域长度的平移等价变换是扰动前周期结构光谱周期性的结果，从而将该变换推广到所有厚度无序扰动的周期结构。

Through analysis of potential vorticity in isobaric surface field, in high-troposphere a positive potential vorticity disturbance before rainstorm generation;positive potential vorticity disturbance in high-troposphere downward, form one vertical disturbance column, now corresponding precipitation develop stage;When near ground arises negative potential vorticity disturbance, precipitation also weaken.

通过对等压面的位涡分析，发现在暴雨发生发展时，在对流层高层有正位涡向下扰动，在暴雨的发展鼎盛阶段，从对流层中高层到地面形成一个垂直扰动柱；位涡柱对地面气旋的发展有较好的指示性，位涡柱形成时刻前后降水达到最强；当近地面出现负的位涡扰动时，降水随之减弱。

In the forth part, we mainly discuss the properties of cosine operators, such as the normcontinuity, locally Lipschitz continuity, which are preserved under the multiplicative perturbation with the-condition.

第四部分讨论了余弦算子在条件下的乘积扰动和扰动下的不变性。如条件下的乘积扰动仍保持范数连续、局部Lipschitz连续不变。

The method of calculating the perturbed Chebyshev-Padé approximation is proposed for not only the general situation but also some special cases, i.e., an odd function and an even one.

提出了一种新的带有扰动的Chebyshev-Padé逼近，它依赖于一个扰动参数，其优点在于：它可以通过调整扰动参数来提高逼近的精度。

Then, the fronts .of different intensities are superposed on the orographic disturbances and pushed by basic geostrophic flow to climb over the orography.

通过非静力模式讨论了两维地形扰动与锋面的相互作用，研究了不同基本气流，包括正压、斜压、层结强弱差异，不同尺度的地形，包括不同高度和不同宽度，强弱不同的锋面等多种情况下地形扰动与锋面扰动的相互影响，发现地形尺度和气流的性质不同带来的结果是有差异的，中尺度地形使冷锋在迎风坡锋消，在背风坡则是锋生和锋消相间的波状分布，表现为锋面在山顶附近锋生、快速下坡过程中锋消和山脚处锋生的分布特征，这与半地转模式中地形的动力作用使冷锋在背风侧单纯加强是不同的。

The exact invariants of the symmetry for the system without perturbation are given. Perturbation to weakly Noether symmetry is discussed and the adiabatic invariants of the perturbed system are obtained.

给出了未受扰动系统的弱Noether对称性导致的精确不变量，讨论了受扰动后系统弱Noether对称性的摄动，并得到受扰动后系统的绝热不变量。

During the four years study on the project, we develop a dynamical forecast model that describing the subtropical ridge surface. A new theory on the role of the land-sea thermal difference on the formation of the Subtropical High is advanced. It is concluded that in the summer subtropics over each continent and its adjacent ocean LO, SE, CO, and a double-dominant heating from west to east compose a LOSECOD heating quadruplet. The influence of the Eurasia continent on SH varies according to the seasonal variation. From the ideal numerical simulation it is shown the important role of the Eaiuan continent and the huge topography on the mechanism of formation and mantanence of the SH during the summer. It is verified by the numerical simulation that the extension of the subtropical continent into the tropics greatly enhances the " East Asian monsoon". Through the Rossby energy dissipation theory it is verified that the deep latent convective heating induces the onset of the South China Sea monsoon over the Bay of Bengal. The relationship and mechanism between the precipitaiton over the East Asia and the Subtropicla high is illustrated by the data. It is also found the close phase lock between the east-west shift of the SH and the disturbence of the east wind belt over the tropical troposphere. The interaction between the structure and activity feature of the SH and the Meiyu over the Yangtze-Huaihe river valley is revealed from the data. The numerical simulation verified the impact of the different SH pattern on the path of the typhoon.

本项目的研究发展了描述副热带高压脊面变化的动力模型，提出了夏季副热带地区四叶型非绝热加热分布型及相应环流拼图的创新理论；明确了大陆尺度的海陆热力差异在副热带高压形成中的作用；指出欧亚地形对副热带高压和气候的影响随季节变化而变化，通过数值试验证明春季青藏高原的感热加热对亚洲夏季风的爆发地点起了"锚定"的作用，进一步证实了副热带高压断裂和亚洲夏季风的最早爆发地点发生在孟加拉湾东岸；利用Rossby波能量频散理论证明了孟加拉湾深对流潜热释放诱导南海季风爆发的机制；揭示了东亚季风降水的季节内变化与西太副高的关系及机理；揭示了西太副高与东西风带中扰动之间的相互作用过程，指出西太副高的东西活动与热带对流层上空东风带扰动和中纬度西风带扰动的移动和锁相密切相关；研究了夏季淮河流域梅雨期间副高结构和活动特征及其与江淮暴雨的相互作用；验证了不同副热带高压形态对台风路径的不同影响；通过数值试验证明了欧亚大陆和青藏高原等大地形对副热带高压形成和维持的重要作用。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐