扰动

The type of the disturbance can be identified by the duration and amplitude of the disturbance.

根据扰动的持续时间和扰动的幅度对扰动类型进行识别。

Initial growths of disturbances are measured by means of hot-wire anemometry. Due to the detected signals with low signal to noise ratio, the coherence function is used to eliminate background noise during data reduction.

在扰动增长的初始阶段，信号的信噪比非常地低，根据相关谱分析方法，应用相干函数，将扰动信号有效地提取出来，测量了初始扰动的增长。

In this thesis, angular velocity was put forward as the characteristics of launching disturbance based on the performance of launching vibration.

本文针对发射装置发射扰动的基本特征，提出采用角速率作为发射扰动特性的表征，并建立了利用陀螺仪测量发射装置发射扰动的测试系统。

Two types of assumed disturbances are considered:(1) the perturbed field is almost uniform in the direction antiparallel with the dipole's axis,(2) the perturbed field is originated from a ring current situated between 5 to 8 earth radii on the equatorial plane.

地磁扰动我們分別取以下两种形式：(1)当扰动磁場是均勻的而且其方向与磁軸相反；(2)当扰动磁場是由位于赤道面上5至8个地球半径的电流环引起的。

Analysed from 3 respects here disturb gravitation is right ballistic influence, imitate result makes clear, it is the long-range missile of 10000 Km above to cannon-shot, disturb the influence of gravitation can cause those who exceed the 10-5m S-2 of × of placement deviation;5 of 1 Km to disturb gravitation systematization deviation has apparent effect to missile point of fall.

这里从3个方面分析了扰动引力对弹道的影响，模拟结果表明，对于射程为10000 km以上的远程导弹，扰动引力的影响会造成超过1 km的落点偏差；5×10-5m s-2的扰动引力系统性偏差对导弹落点有明显影响。

Both components of the perturbed vector potential are considered in the equations, as well as the perturbation of the electrostatic potential.

方程包含了完全的电磁扰动：静电场扰动，磁场的垂直扰动和平行扰动。

The Nash equilibrium problem with l2-nor m bound disturbance was studied. The problem was considered as a compound dynam ic game described by N-person non-cooperative dynamic game and two-person zer o-sum dynamic game. By applying H∞ control theory method, the existence conditions of linear quadratic Nash equilibrium H∞ disturbance attenuati on strategies were presented and proved, and its state feedback Nash equilibrium solutions were given.

研究具有l2范数有界不确定性扰动的纳什均衡问题以具有不确定性扰动的线性二次纳什均衡对策问题为例，将其归结为由二人非合作非零和对策和各对策方与外部扰动的二人零和对策构成的复合对策问题，应用H∞控制理论方法，给出并证明了扰动衰减H∞状态反馈策略存在的条件和求解方法，并通过简例说明了算法的有效性

The recovery strategy for the customer time window disruption is given,to guide to design the other recovery strategy for the VRPTW disruption;By setting the single dummy depot or the multiple dummy depots,the transition that the jump-offs of vehicles on the way are reposited to the depot is proposed,making the algorithm for the VRPTW solve the disruption recovery model as before;the customer time window disruption is analyzed,to help measure the other deviation for VRPTW;A new handling constraint method based on genetic algorithm is designed,avoiding the difficulty of selecting the penalty factor in penalty strategy and makes the handling constrain simplify.

本文给出了客户时间窗变动的扰动恢复策略，可以指导设计VRPTW其他扰动恢复策略；通过设定虚拟单车场或虚拟多车场，将干扰发生在途车辆的起点复位到车场，使VRPTW求解算法同样可以用于处理扰动恢复模型；对客户时间窗变动对系统造成的干扰进行了度量，为VRPTW其他扰动度量提供了指导；设计了一种新的约束处理方法，避免了惩罚策略中选取惩罚因子的困难，使得约束处理问题简单化。

The force of low-level frontal zone disturbance is a major factor of the development of middle and low level cyclone. The large center of negative geopotential perturbation inversed by low-level disturbance potential vorticity is located in the front of cyclone providing a favourable condition for the eastward moving and development of cyclone. The high-level system plays a role of indirect force action. The interaction of the development of high-level trough and ridge and low-level frontal zone becomes an important mechanism of the developing of cyclone.

低层锋区扰动强迫是中低层气旋发展的最主要因子，低层位涡扰动反演所得的负位势扰动大值中心位于气旋的前方，有导前现象，为气旋继续东移、发展提供一个铺垫；高层系统起着间接强迫作用，高层槽脊系统的发展和低层锋区的相互作用所导致的斜压扰动成为气旋发展的重要机制。

The dose enhancement effects and decreasing effects caused by material inhomogeneity were studied quantitatively with a parameter named Dose Perturbation Factor, which was the ratio of the dose at a point in the heterogeneous phantom to the dose of the same spatial location point in the homogeneous phantom. It was showed that the degrees of the dose enhancement or decreasing depended on the energy of radiation, field sizes of the beamlets and compositions of the media. The dose perturbation for high energy X rays is greater than that for low energy X rays. At the same energy condition, the dose perturbation decreased when the field size increased. And the relationship between them was not linear.

模拟结果表明：在小射野情况下，异质组织界面处出现了较大的剂量跃变，剂量扰动效应的强弱程度取决于射线的能量、射野的大小和模体介质的不同等多种因素，高能X射线条件下的剂量扰动效应大于低能X射线条件下的剂量扰动；在入射X射线能量相同的条件下，剂量扰动效应随射野尺寸的减小而增强，并呈现一种非线性关系。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐