扩散的

Finally, we give some examples.In Chapter 3, The existence of a bounded global attactor for Olmstead model with homogeneous Dirichlet boundary condition is proved under some condition on the parameters.

本章分四个部分，第一部分是对问题的概述；第二部分讨论了扩散系数对具有无穷时滞的一维竞争扩散系统的空间一致定态解的稳定性的影响，将扩散系数d作为分支参数，我们证明了从d_0处当d

For this reason, the concept "flow point" in the interdiffusion field is proposed and the methods of fluid mechanics are applied to construct the phenomenological theory for describing the interdiffusion growth of solid phase. Two types of phase growth, i.e.

为了解决这一问题，作者借鉴流体力学的基本概念和方法，通过建立固体互扩散区域中"流点"的概念，推导了描述固体互扩散生长的普适方程，严格区别了相的体积生长与界面生长方式，并给出多元扩散偶中相生长的一般动力学描述。

Any high Re number flow over bodies consists of three basic flows: the flow with convection-dominant in all spatial directions, the flow with convection-diffusion competition in all directions and the flow with convection-dominant in part directions and convection-diffusion competition in part directions, which is called the interacting shear flow; the features of the three basic flows are different; their simplest conservation equations, i.e. the Euler equations, Navier-Stokes equations and diffusion parabolized NS equations, have different mathematical characteristics; there is a great disparity in domains of the three basic flows and the domains of NS equations are very small. Therefore, adopting Euler-DPNS-NS equation system to analyze and compute high Re number flows over bodies is a logical approach. There exists a mutual examined-complemented relationship of this approach with the usual one of adopting only NS equations.

主要内容如下：（1）高Re数绕流包含3种基本流动：所有方向对流占优流动、所有方向对流扩散竞争流动和部分方向对流占优部分方向对流扩散竞争流动，3个基本流动的特征彼此不同且在流场中所占领域大小彼此相差悬殊，NS方程区域很小，它们的最简单控制方程组Euler、Navier-Stokes和扩散抛物化NS方程组的数学性质彼此不同，因此利用Euler-DPNS-NS方程组体系分析计算高Re数绕流流动就是一个合乎逻辑的选择，该法与利用单一NS方程组的常用方法可以彼此检验和补充。

A drain diffusion layer connected to an output end of the internal circuit is formed in one of two diffusion regions of the surface of the semiconductor substrate that are defined by the gate electrode, and a source diffusion layer grounded is formed in the other region.

与内电路输出端相连的漏扩散层形成在由栅电极确定的半导体基片表面的两扩散区之一的区内，而接地的源扩散层形成在另一区内。

A model is proposed that the tunnel growth is controlled by the diffusions of Al(superscript 3+) both in the surface layer close to Al foil and in the tunnels within Al foil.

提出隧道孔的生长受Al(上标 3+)在隧道孔中的扩散和铝箔表面扩散层中的扩散共同控制，可以对上述因素的影响规律做出更合理的解释。

The recovery of tin and nitric acid from the spent solder stripper, and the feasibility of recovering nitric acid were investigated by determining diffusion dialysis coefficient of the dialysis membrane for different spent liquor including iron,copper and tin.

通过考察铁盐、铜盐和亚锡盐对硝酸扩散系数的影响研究了采用扩散渗析法从废退锡液中回收硝酸的可行性，实际样品的研究表明，扩散渗析法回收硝酸的回收率在70％以上。

The results show that, the chloride concentrations and diffusion coefficients are both a one-humped function of elevations (can also be the time scale of seawater infiltration), they increase with the increase of elevation until they get to the peak value, and then decrease with the increase of elevation; an evident relationship is being between the surface chloride concentrations and the wave forces acted on the concrete surface, while there is no much difference among the diffusion coefficients; the diffusion coefficients get to bigger as the depth from the concrete surface increase in the influence of the capillary structures evolution and chloride concentration, but this tendency of change was alleviated with the increase of depth.

研究结果表明：氯离子侵蚀混凝土设施的竖向分布规律为氯离子浓度、扩散系数与标高之间同为单峰函数分布，先随高程变大而变大，达到峰值后，随高程变大而减小；氯离子侵蚀混凝土设施的环向分布规律为混凝土构件表面氯离子浓度、氯离子通量与波浪力之间有明显的对应关系，波浪力越大，则表面氯离子浓度和氯离子通量越高，而扩散系数在各方位角差别不明显；由于混凝土长期服役过程中内部毛细孔隙结构演化以及氯离子浓度的影响，氯离子扩散系数随混凝土深度变大而变大，但这种变化趋势随深度逐渐趋缓。

In this text, on the basis of analyzed the accident characteristic of combustible liquids and influence factors of combustible liquids vapor spread, the leakage of combustible liquids is studied when the vehicle is stopped because of the factors such as traffic accident etc in the highway transportation course of flammable liquid, and its vapor density spread models in the atmosphere is set up; and the leakage of combustible liquids is also studied when the vehicle is steering because of the undefined factors during the highway transportation course of flammable liquid, and its vapor density spread models in the atmosphere is set up.

本文在分析了易燃液体的事故特性及影响易燃液体蒸气扩散因素的基础上，分别研究了易燃液体在公路运输过程中因发生交通事故等因素导致运输车辆停止时的易燃液体泄漏，并建立其蒸气在大气中的浓度扩散模型；因不确定因素致使运输车辆行驶过程中易燃液体泄漏，并建立其蒸气在大气中的浓度扩散模型。

BY molecular dynamic simulation on the self-diffusion properties of Cu nanoclusters, we found the diffusion coefficients of copper nanoclusters Nc8949 increase with the increasing temperature and increase with reciprocals of their radii approximately at

本文通过分子动力学模拟研究了纳米铜团簇的自扩散性质，结果表明Nc8949铜团簇自扩散系数随温度的升高而增大，在温度为1000K时纳米铜团簇的扩散系数随团簇半径的倒数基本呈线性增加。

Results indicate that the observed salt fluxes under the two wind conditions show a marginal difference. Under the steady wind condition, a DBL with a constant thickness of 3.5 cm is observed right above the deposited sediment. The molecular diffusion is found to be the dominant mechanism for salt transport within the DBL. The latter can suppress the hydrodynamic enhancement on the exchange of substances between deposited sediments and overlying water.

研究结果表明，在稳定风场条件下，沉积物－水界面处存在厚度约3.5cm的扩散边界层，有风条件下的界面盐分交换通量略大于无风时的通量；分子扩散是边界层内盐分运移的主要机制，扩散边界层对沉积物盐分释放具有阻滞作用，并且边界层越厚，阻滞效应越显著。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失