扩展

Crack propagation leading to decohesion or delamination is one of the major failure.

但在生产与使用过程中膜基界面处容易产生裂纹，裂纹的扩展导致膜层的脱落是使膜层完全失效的主要形式之一。

In situ SEM observations have revealed that fatigue crack propagation is caused by the shear band decohesion around the crack tip and the formation and cracking of the shear band is mainly caused by the plasticity generated in the loading part of a load cycle.

论文摘要： In-Situ SEM的研究揭示了疲劳裂纹的扩展是由裂纹尖端附近的剪力区散屑和生成热引起的，而剪力区裂纹主要是在循环负载下受载部位产生塑性变形引起。

Chapter six presents such new concepts as margin utility contribution force, profit-risk exchange rate, state-expectation-variance utility function, long-term expectation-variance utility curve and optimal portfolio expansion curve. The state-expectation-variance analytical method is developed from the expectation-variance analytical method. The changing rate of profit-risk exchange rate to state variable is used to define and distinguish the decreasing, constant and increasing relative risk aversion. A decomposition formula about the margin contribution force of holding wealth to state-expectation-variance utility function is displayed. The decomposition formula demonstrates that the contribution force of investors' holding wealth to their utility is composed of the pure contribution force of holding wealth and the investment contribution force bronght about through investment portfolio.

第六章提出了边际效用贡献力、收益—风险替换率、状态—期望—方差效用函数、长期期望—方差效用曲线、最优证券组合扩展线等新概念；把期望—方差分析方法发展成状态—期望—方差分析方法；用收益—风险替换率对状态变量ω的变化率来定义和区分递减、定常、递增相对风险厌恶；获得了持有财富对状态—期望—方差效用函数的边际贡献力的分解式，该分解公式表明投资者的持有财富对他的效用的贡献力由持有财富本身的纯贡献力和持有财富通过投资证券组合所产生的投资贡献力所组成。

In the following, we list the main works in our paper:(1) We introduce briefly the concepts of fuzzy mathematics and three fundamental principles—decomposition theorem, representation theorem and extension theorem. We also present the concepts of fuzzy number and some simple properties.

本文主要内容包括以下几个方面：(1)简要地介绍了模糊数学中基本概念和三大基本定理--分解定理，表现定理和扩展定理，模糊数的概念、性质以及比较两个模糊数的方法。

This is the point that we have reached: it would seem that in every successful transcendental argument there must be at least one genuinely ampliative or synthetic step, which given its significance cannot simply be assumed (on pain of the argument being question-begging against the sceptic), and which – since it says more than any of the given premises – cannot be established deductively in the course of the argument.

我们已经到达这里：似乎在每一个成功的TA，必须至少有真正的扩展或综合的步骤，被给出的其重要意义不能简单被假设（反对怀疑论者上，诉诸问题是要避免的），也不能在论证过程中演绎地建立（——因为这超出了给出前设）。

By default, the output file name is the same as the name of the first source file.

默认输出的文件名称与第一个源文件的名字是相同的，默认的扩展名为exe，如果指定了/dll选项。

Default file name, and default extension.

默认的文件名，默认扩展名。

The default file name extension .

默认的文件扩展名。

Usually, the base object model is located in a deferent assembly than its extensions; however, this is not a requirement.

通常，基本对象模型坐落在一个比它的扩展恭顺集会，但是，这并不是要求。

Another interesting thing would be to allow extensible components, perhaps definable, especially for each level.

另一个有趣的事情是让可扩展的组件，也许是定义每个级别。"/页"

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失