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The thesis studies the difference between GWSs composition and traditional workflow applications, proposes the implement mechanism and technical architecture of GWSs composition and defines the reference model of GWSs composition platform, which provide holistic framework and top-level guidance for studying dynamic GWSs composition technology, designing GWSs composition platform, and implementing representative composite service applications.2、Theories and methods of composite process modeling and process analysis. This thesis proposes a meta-model of Geo-spatial Web services composition process defining from two aspects, i.e. process and resource. According to the process definition meta-model, we propose a new Geo-spatial Web services composition Process/Resource model based on extended WF-net, which effectively resolves the problems on uncertain activity option and dynamic variation of service in composite process model. A notion with regard to soundness of process model is proposed from three aspects, i.e. the structural correctness of process model, validity of data link and validity of resource. The notion of soundness definitely gives a dividing line on correctness of composite GWS process. This thesis analyzes sufficient and essential terms of soundness, and studies compositional property of WSCP/R-net models which provides an effective method to construct a soundness WSCP/R-net model. According to WSCP/R-net, the thesis proposes composition algebra and studies the properties of it. Based on the composition algebra, 6 kinds of composite process reduction rules are induced to optimize the process.3、Geo-spatial Web service QoS model and its application architecture. This thesis proposes an extendable GWS QoS model from three aspects, i.e. Geo-spatial Web Service itself, networking conditions and service consumer which can be used to distinguish GWSs with overlapping or identical functionality. We work over the QoS evaluation methods of composite GWS process which can be used to guide the execution, monitor and service selection of composition process. Aming at some disadvantages in traditional Web service discovery model for its lacking of QoS supporting, this thesis proposes a new service discovery model SDMQ supporting QoS constraints.4、Technologies of composite service executing. SSPL, a new composite service process language, is defined to overcome the disadvantages of existing composite services process languages which can not adapt to the dynamic variation of Geo-spatial Web Services. An algorithm is described to translate WSCP/R-net model into SSPL. The thesis studies the model of dynamic services selection with QoS global optimization, presenting an algorithm GODSS to resolve dynamic services selection with QoS global optimization in GWSs Composition.5、Design and implement experimental system and representative applications. According to the research findings presented above, we design and implement an experimental system and construct two representative applications to show that our achievements are effective and practical.

针对当前空间信息服务聚合研究中存在的若干不足，本文重点在基于工作流的空间信息服务聚合框架、空间信息服务聚合流程建模和分析技术、空间信息服务QoS模型及应用体系以及空间信息服务聚合流程执行等几个方面进行深入研究，主要工作和创新点包括：1、基于工作流的空间信息服务动态聚合框架：研究了空间信息服务动态聚合和传统工作流应用的不同，在此基础上提出了基于工作流技术的空间信息服务动态聚合实现机制、技术体系和参考模型，为研究空间信息服务聚合的关键技术、开发服务聚合支撑平台以及在此基础上构造特定的空间信息服务聚合应用提供了总体框架和顶层指导。2、空间信息服务聚合流程建模和分析技术：首先基于动态服务聚合流程建模的需求和空间信息服务动态变化的应用实际，从服务聚合的过程维和资源维出发定义了服务聚合流程定义元模型；与之相对应，对基本的WF-net进行扩展，提出服务聚合流程/资源网作为空间信息服务聚合流程的形式化描述模型，有效解决了现有的基于基本Petri网和工作流网的服务聚合建模方法所不能解决的不确定路径选择和服务的动态变化性问题；从流程结构正确性、数据依赖有效性和资源实现有效性三个方面提出了WSCP/R-net健壮性的概念，明确界定了聚合流程正确性的标准，并对WSCP/R-net模型的健壮性分析方法和WSCP/R-net模型的组合特性进行了研究；提出了空间信息服务聚合代数算子并对其性质进行了研究，在此基础上提出了6种聚合流程约简规则，从而可达到优化聚合流程、提高聚合流程执行效率的目的。3、空间信息服务QoS模型和应用体系：从服务本身、网络环境和服务消费者三个层次出发，提出了一个可扩展的空间信息服务QoS模型GSQM，实现了对空间信息服务的度量和评价，并对GSQM不同质量要素信息的客观、公正采集方法进行了研究；研究了空间信息服务聚合流程QoS评价方法，有效支持了空间信息服务聚合流程的执行、监控以及服务选择等操作；针对目前的服务发现模型仅支持服务功能性描述、不能有效满足空间信息服务应用需求的现状，提出了一种新的支持QoS约束的服务发现模型SDMQ，并对模型的实现框架进行了研究。4、空间信息服务聚合流程执行技术：针对现有的服务聚合流程描述语言不能有效满足空间信息服务动态聚合流程描述的特点，基于BPEL4WS提出了一种新的空间信息服务聚合流程描述语言SSPL；研究了满足健壮性要求的WSCP/R-net模型向SSPL的转换算法，在此基础上可以满足用户无显式编码来实现空间信息服务聚合应用的目的；研究了服务动态选择QoS全局优化模型，并在此基础上提出了一种解决服务动态选择QoS全局优化问题的实现算法GODSS.5、基于论文研究成果，设计实现了"空间信息服务聚合实验系统"，并构建了"矿产资源评价"和"城市消防应急响应"两个典型应用案例，对论文所述模型、方法的可行性和有效性进行了验证。

This paper is that dynamically demonstrates the six algorithms implementation auxiliary teaching software of the data structure It may adapt the different demand that the reader demands the algorithm data-in and the process execution control mode.

本论文是一个动态演示数据结构中六个算法执行过程的辅助教学软件，它可适应读者对算法的输入数据和过程执行的控制方式的不同需求，在计算机的屏幕上显示算法执行过程中，可以显现数据的逻辑结构或存储结构的变化状况或递归算法执行过程中栈的变化状况。

This paper is that dynamically demonstrates the six algorithms implementation auxiliary teaching software of the data structure It may adapt the different demand that the reader demands the algorithm data-in and the process execution control mode. During the demonstration of the algorithm implementation on the computer screen, it can appear the change status of the data logical organization or the memory structure change condition or the stack change condition in the recursion algorithm implementation.

本论文是一个动态演示数据结构中六个算法执行过程的辅助教学软件，它可适应读者对算法的输入数据和过程执行的控制方式的不同需求，在计算机的屏幕上显示算法执行过程中，可以显现数据的逻辑结构或存储结构的变化状况或递归算法执行过程中栈的变化状况。

Each time a rule is executed, our test-controller will check the available testcases and the test log, select the next testcase accordingly, execute the selected testcase, and update the test log. The design of our rule and log allows for the implementation of a wide variety of test strategies.

每次一条规则被执行，测试控制器将会检查被提供的测试案例和测试记录，接著会选定一条试测案例并执行它，并在执行完毕将执行结果记录在测试记录中。

Even some virus "experts" will misinform the cause of the virus.

首先 让我们定义一下我们所说的病毒：病毒就是一个能够通过把自身附加到可执行文件之后来复制其自身代码的程序，通过这种方式可以使得被感染的可执行文件执行时，病毒代码也能够被执行。

Reasons why it is difficult to execute the fine: Reasons are from the law. The property hasn't personal bondage, so the punishment of outlawry is hard to come true. Reasons are from the criminals. Normally the criminals are poor and evade the legal sanction. The laws don't consider our present national conditions of underdeveloped economy and unbalanced development in different areas. The scope of this law is too wide and not very flexible. The rules for the execution of this law in the criminal process law are not fully realized. A set of rules is yet to be established.

对罚金刑执行难的原因分析：罚金刑本身的原因，财产无人身依附性，罚金刑本身所剥夺权益的实现性差；犯罪分子的原因，犯罪人经济状况一般较差并逃避执行；罚金刑的规定脱离现阶段我国经济不发达且各地发展不平衡的国情，适用范围过于宽泛，适用方式稍显机械；刑事程序法中关于罚金刑执行的规定明显缺失；实践中尚未建立有效的执行机制等。

On this basis, the author holds that the preceding procedure for notice before enforcement can be cancelled, the confirmation procedure for the start of enforcement should be set up, the reasonable and running ways to realize the enforcement of the prestation by act should be regulated, and the contents for the enforcement relief should be regulated, and the contents for the enforcement relief system should be completed. As a result, the civil enforcement system of China can be improved continuously

在此基础上，笔者认为，可以取消执行通知前置程序，设立执行开始确认程序，规定合理的、可操作的行为给付的强制实现途径，充实执行救济制度的内容，从而不断完善我国的民事强制执行制度。

Article 268 In the case of an application or request for recognition and enforcement of a legally effective judgment or written order of a foreign court, the people's court shall, after examining it in accordance with the international treaties concluded or acceded to by the People's Republic of China or with the principle of reciprocity and arriving at the conclusion that it does not contradict the basic principles of the law of the People's Republic of China nor violates State sovereignty, security and social and public interest of the country, recognize the validity of the judgment or written order, and, if required, issue a writ of execution to enforce it in accordance with the relevant provisions of this Law; if the application or request contradicts the basic principles of the law of the People's Republic of China or violates State sovereignty, security and social and public interest of the country, the people's court shall not recognize and enforce it.

第二百六十八条人民法院对申请或者请求承认和执行的外国法院作出的发生法律效力的判决、裁定，依照中华人民共和国缔结或者参加的国际条约，或者按照互惠原则进行审查后，认为不违反中华人民共和国法律的基本原则或者国家主权、安全、社会公共利益的，裁定承认其效力，需要执行的，发出执行令，依照本法的有关规定执行。违反中华人民共和国法律的基本原则或者国家主权、安全、社会公共利益的，不予承认和执行。

With the guiding principle of decentralization of the enforcement power, the fundamental Regulation, Council Regulation 1/2003, was first promulgated and followed by Commission 773/2004 as well as other six supplemental Notices in sequence, those of which together had become the content of the so called "Modernization Package" By way of this reform, the enforcement of EC anti-trust law would be more integrated into the legal system of the individual member state, and the competition law culture would be spread more widely and rooted more deeply; and meanwhile, the Commission could get rid most of its enforcement burden and concentrate on the truly seriously anti-trust law-violated cases, which is contributable to the development of the EC competition policy.

在「分散执行权力」的政策指导下，理事会首先发布第1/2003号规则，并陆续发布第773/2004号执行规则暨6项有关的公告以为配套，形成所谓的「执行程序现代化包裹」，建构欧体反托拉斯案件的全新执行体制。在此制之下，执委会将与各会员国竞争机关及法院，分享反托拉斯法的执行权力，除了有助於欧体竞争法的落实，亦能减轻执委会负担，使执委会得以专注处理真正严重影响竞争秩序案件，促进欧体竞争政策的发展。

With respect to a criminal offender who was sentenced to death with a two-year suspension of execution, if he commits no new crime during the period of suspension and the punishment therefor shall be extenuated after the period of suspension expires, the executing organ shall submit a written recommendation to the high people's court for decision; if he commits new crime which has been ascertained and the death sentence thus should be executed, the high people's court shall submit it to the Supreme People's Court for approval.

被判处死刑缓期二年执行的罪犯，在死刑缓期执行期间，如果没有故意犯罪，死刑缓期执行期满，应当予以减刑，由执行机关提出书面意见，报请高级人民法院裁定；如果故意犯罪，查证属实，应当执行死刑，由高级人民法院报请最高人民法院核准。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。