扑

Based on the comparison of proposed basic topologies, Hypercube, as a popular used topology in networks, has a lot of advantages such as simple routing algorithm, small diameter and average number of internode distance, high fault-tolerance and so on. On the other hand, the network nodal degree which is logarithmically proportional to the number of network nodes limits the Hypercube network population most. So a class of hierarchical topologies are proposed to remedy this weakness of Hypercube and keep most of the advantages of Hypercube, such as CCC , HHC and deCube and so on.

基于对所提出的基本互连网络的性能比较，超立方体网络作为一个得到普遍研究的网络拓扑结构具有很多的优点，比如网络的非常简单的寻路算法，很小的直径和网络平均节点距离，高容错能力等等，但非常遗憾的是超立方体的缺点是超立方体的节点度随着网络规模的增加而成对数关系增加，从而限制了此网络的应用规模，大大地掩盖了它的诸多优点，所以人们提出了一类分层网络结构来弥补超立方体的不足同时最大限度地利用其优点，包括CCC，HHC以及deCube等。

A hidden line removing algorithm based on Divide-and-Conquer strategy working in object space is presented,whose speed is improved with the topological relation of the CSG+Brep,and stability is achieved with the ray method It runs well in the CAID syste

在物体空间中，采用Divide－and－Conquer策略的隐藏线消除算法，利用CSG＋Brep的拓扑相关性和增加相关体素遮挡判断提高隐藏线消除的速度，用射线法解决隐藏线消除的可靠性。

If the network model being simulated is large, nodes are usually organized into a hierarchy, and hierarchical routing protocols are then most natural.

在目前被广泛使用的网络模拟器ns中，分层路由协议只能静态地计算路由，而不能在模拟的过程中动态适应网络拓扑的变化。

The existing QoS-aware hierarchical multicast routing algorithms don't take into account more than two QoS metrics during their topology aggregations and route computations.

现有的QoS层次多播路由算法在其拓扑聚集和路径计算的过程中只考虑了存在两个QoS特征值的情况。

Based on topology aggregation,QoS-aware hierarchical multicast routing algorithms are used to construct a multicast tree satisfying QoS requirements among network domains.

在拓扑聚集的基础上，QoS层次多播路由算法用来构造满足QoS要求的域间多播树。

In order to reasonably depict four basic problems with friction, one Coulomb friction new form in first Kirchhoff stress is proposed to deal with finite deformation problems, other Coulomb friction form in incremental mode to elastoplastic flow theory; Hilbert function spaces concerning elastoplastical problems with friction are established, so it makes all operations and calculations in the treatise standardized within the scope of reasonably topologic structure; In view of functional extremum, the equivalence between generalized variational inequalities principles in elastoplasticity with friction and corresponding basic problems are testified by inducing Lagrangian multipliers, so it provides a rationally theoretical basis for numerical methods in elastoplasticity with friction; From the viewpoint of variational inequality, the theory of generalized variational inequalities in elasticity and elastoplasticity with frictional constraint is studied, and the uniqueness and existence of the solution of FEM is proofed under the proposed conditions of stress compatibility, and them FEM approximation and a discrete solution are discussed; Based on the principles of generalized variational inequalities in elastoplasticity with friction, direct generalized variational inequalities methods is pretended, which is a natural generalization and development of direct variational methods; Using generalized variational inequalities methods, some examples in metal forming including plane deformation, upset and extrusion are analyzed and the results prove that all the theories and methods in the paper are right, feasible, accurate and advanced.

主要内容有：为了合理地描述金属塑性成形中摩擦约束弹性、弹塑性基本问题，提出和研究了有限变形下以Kirchhoff第一应力表示的Coulomb摩擦定律形式和弹塑性流动理论下以增量形式表示的Coulomb摩擦定律表示形式；系统建立了摩擦约束弹塑性问题的Hilbert函数空间，使本文规范在一个具有合理的代数拓扑结构内进行一切操作和运算；利用Lagrange乘子，从泛函极值的角度系统地阐述和论证了一系列摩擦约束弹性、弹塑性广义变分不等原理与相应的实际问题之间的等价性，它为处理摩擦约束的弹塑性力学数值方法提供了合理的理论基础；从变分不等式的角度出发，阐述了对应于摩擦约束弹性、弹塑性问题的广义变分不等式理论，首次提出了在应力相容性条件下，它的有限元解具有存在唯一性，进而讨论了其有限元近似及离散解法；基于摩擦约束弹塑性广义变分不等式原理，首次提出了直接广义变分不等式方法，这一方法是直接变分法的合理推广和发展；利用直接广义变分不等式方法对金属压力加工中的平面变形问题、镦粗、挤压等塑性成形问题进行了分析计算，验证了该理论和数值算法的正确性、实用性、精确性和优越性。

We give a sufficient condition for the self-similar set in the plane which is homeomorphic to the unit disk.

最后一章讨论自相似集的拓扑结构，给出了平面上的自相似集同胚于单位圆盘的充分条件。

In the first part, the concepts of the completely normal spaces and strong completely normal spaces in L-topological spaces are defined, which are the generalization of the completely normal spaces in general topological spaces. They are some good properties such as hereditary, weakly homeomorphism invariant properties, good L-extension, but they arent producible in general.

第一部分的主要内容如下：第一部分这一部分是将一般拓扑学的完全正规分离性的概念推广到了L-拓扑空间，给出了L-拓扑空间的完全正规分离性和强完全正规分离性的定义并讨论了它们的若干性质，比如，它们都是可遗传的，弱同胚不变的，"Lowen意义下好的推广"等。

Homology Theory: An Introduction to Algebraic Topology, James W.

本书是同调代数和代数拓扑方面的一本著名的教材。

Then it's hopeful for us to inquire into the problem of topological classification of topological spaces,not being confined to their homotopy classification.

这篇文章就将利用平环和M|¨bius带三角剖分导出的复杂网络的研究成果来猜测新的拓扑不变量。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。