手术间

Variations of completeness of fusion were also represented. For ALIF and PLIF, this included tests of solid bridging bone within the posterior or anterior 75%, 50%, or 25% disc space.

对腰椎前路椎间融合与后路椎间融合来说，包括对起稳定连接作用的植骨骨质的测验，这些骨质在前路或后路手术中分别占椎间隙的75%， 50%或者25%。

Ariations of completeness of fusion were also represented. For ALIF and PLIF, this included tests of solid bridging bone within the posterior or anterior 75%, 50%, or 25% disc space.

对腰椎前路椎间融合与后路椎间融合来说，包括对起稳定连接作用的植骨骨质的测验，这些骨质在前路或后路手术中分别占椎间隙的75%， 50%或者25%。

Results There were fetal type in 12 cases, embryonal type in 7 cases, anaplasia type in 3 and mixed type in 2. The cytoplasmic postive expression of CK, AFP, S-100 protein and Vimentin of epithelial tumor cells were found in 14, 10, 9 and 6 cases respectively. Positive staining of CEA, P53 and P16 of nuclei of epithelial tumor cells were found in 11, 9 and 7 cases respectively.Among the 12 cases who underwent surgical excision, 8 patients with fetal type survived over 5 years. Conclusions This study suggests that immunoreaction of hepatoblastomas are different in the histological subtypes.

结果 胎儿型12例，胚胎型7例，间变型3例和上皮间叶混合型2例；细胞角蛋白、甲胎蛋白、S-100蛋白和波形蛋白在肿瘤上皮细胞浆的表达分别为14例、10例、9例和6例，癌胚抗原、P53和P16蛋白在细胞核中的表达分别是11例、9例和7例；手术切除肿瘤12例中8例生存期超过5年者均为胎儿型。

［Objective］ To analyze the outcome of internal fixation for occipitalization with atlantoaxial joint dislocation by posterior decompression and occipitocervical fusion ［Method］ From December 2005 to June 2007,8 patients with occipitalization and atlantoaxial joint dislocation received removal of the posterior arcus of atlas and the enlargement of the posterior edge of the foramen magnum after skull traction performing for an average of 135 daysAll patients were operated on by posterior craniocervical fusion using cervifix internal fixation system and autologous ilium graftsThe clinical efficacy after operation was analyzed by Japanese Orthopaedic Associationneural function score ［Result］ All the patients were followed up from 6 months to 2 years, average of 15 monthsNo complication was foundAtlantodental interval was 5~9 mm before and 4~6 mm after skull tractionAtlantoaxial joint dislocation didn't completely reducedThe neurological defects were improved to some extents according to the JOA scoreImageology showed all patients had full decompression and bony fusionThe loosening or broken internal fixation was not found ［Conclusion］ Posterior decompression and fusion is a feasible method for the treatment of occipitalization with atlantoaxial joint dislocation,and the clinical effect is satisfactory

分析后路减压枕颈融合内固定术治疗合并寰枢关节脱位的寰椎枕骨化临床疗效。［方法］2005年12月至2007年6月间，对8例合并寰枢关节脱位的寰椎枕骨化患者在行颅骨牵引治疗一段时间（12~16 d，平均135 d）后采用枕骨大孔后缘扩大，寰椎后弓切除减压取自体髂骨枕颈融合Cervifix系统内固定术，手术后采用日本骨科学会神经功能评分分析临床疗效。［结果］8例患者随访6个月~2年，平均为15个月。8例患者无一例出现术后并发症，术前寰齿前间隙为5~9 mm，经颅骨牵引后为5~7 mm，寰枢关节脱位未能完全复位。手术前后JOA评分示神经症状均有不同程度恢复，影像学检查示枕颈区减压充分植骨区获得骨性融合，无一例出现内固定松动或断裂。［结论］合并寰枢关节脱位的寰椎枕骨化患者术前仔细评估影像学改变，采用颅骨牵引一段时间后行后路减压枕颈融合内固定术的治疗方案是合理可行的，且临床效果满意。

About 48%(90/194) were below 29 years of age. Ninety-nine of 194 cases had either radiotherapy alone or supplementary treatment with radiotherapy following surgery. We analyzed multiple prognostic factors. The factors of importance included postoperative radiotherapy; female in glioblastoma multiforme; the primary tumor dose above 5000 rads and/or whole brain irradiation in malignant astrocytoma and glioblastoma multiforme; the primary tumor dose above 4500 rads in ependymoma, medulloblastoma and oligodendroglioma; and spinal axis irradiation above 2000 rads in ependymoma and medulloblastoma that produced a better prognosis than in other groups.

男与女之比例为2.7比1，年龄分布自1至81岁，平均年龄33.3±19.3岁，中值年龄为34岁，29岁以下占48%(90/194)，其中99例单独或手术后辅以放射腺治疗，分析同种脑瘤的预后因素，其中多形神经胶母细胞瘤有手术后放射线治疗或女性，多形神经胶母细胞瘤合并星细胞瘤原发肿瘤剂量5000雷得以上或曾全颅腔照射，神经管胚细胞瘤，间胶质母细胞瘤，及室管膜瘤原发肿瘤剂量4500雷得以上，室管膜瘤及神经管胚细胞瘤有脊轴照射2000雷得以上预后均佳，且统计上有显著的差异。

The major benefits of radiosurgical ablation of spinal lesions are short treatment time with rapid symptomatic response. Early adverse effects are infrequent.

以此种介入性的放射手术治疗脊椎肿瘤最大的好处是手术时间短、病症可在短时间内获得改善、术后不常出现副作用。

Induced abortion is the small operation of a short time, language communication has the limitation on time, it is the psychological state of the person that understand induced abortion, reduce anguish of its body and mind, the help eliminates undesirable mood, create optimal mentation, make the operation goes on wheels, the person that blame language communicates pair of induced abortion is having main effect. 1, the vision that uses attention, the mood of the person that riant expression stabilizes induced abortion, reduce their insecurity, scared psychology thereby.

人工流产是一个短时间的小手术，语言交流有时间上的局限性，为了解人工流产者的心理状况，减轻其身心痛苦，帮助消除不良情绪，创造最佳心理状态，使手术顺利进行，非语言交流对人工流产者有着重要功能。1、用关注的目光，微笑的表情稳定人工流产者的情绪，从而减轻她们的紧张、惧怕心理。

Results All 63 patients were operated with laparoscope successfully. There were 36 subserous myoma, 18 intramurul myoma, 9 intra-broad ligament and 16 multi-myoma. Maximum tumor size in diameter: 12cm, mean (7.9±1.6)cm. Duration of operation: 35~240 mm, mean (88±53) min, 60% of which were spent in suture and 20% in myoma excising. Blood loss during the operation: 20~1250 ml, mean (156±148) ml, 70% of which were lost in suture. Average hospital ization stay (5.5±2.7) d.

结果 63例均在腹腔镜下完成手术，其中子宫浆膜下肌瘤36例，肌壁间肌瘤18例，阔韧带肌瘤9例，多发肌瘤16例，最大直径12cm，平均直径(7.9±1.6)cm，手术时间35~240min，平均时间(88±53)min，其中缝合时间占60%，取瘤时间占20%，出血20~1250ml，平均(156±148)ml，其中缝合时出血占70%，平均住院时间(5.5±2.7)d。

Results Tentorial bridging veins of the cerebellum had less interference with the keyhole approach. Galen vein and its tributary could be dissected in security. With this approach, the anatomic structures in the pineal region could be exposed and easy to enter the third ventricle. The operation area could be amplified upward and forward by splitting the tentorium.

结果 小脑天幕面桥静脉对幕下小脑上锁孔入路无影响；Galen静脉系统可被安全解剖；幕下小脑上锁孔手术能充分暴露松果体区的Galen静脉系统、松果体、四叠体等；可经帆间池进入第三脑室；天幕切开能增加向上向前的手术范围。

Treatment of presbyopia with Monovision may use unifocal contact lens, implantation of intraocular lens, photo refractive keratectomy, laser in situ keratomileusis, and conductive keratoplasty that is update and nonexcimer laser refractive surgery technique.

Monovision矫正方法常用于老视和老视前期患者，即一眼矫正看远，另一眼矫正看近，其机制是双眼间的模糊抑制，MV可应用于单焦点角膜接触镜，并且还可应用于人工晶状体植入术和PRK，LASIK等激光屈光手术中，以及目前最新的非激光手术—传导性角膜成形术。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。