手术间

Trans olecranon approach with platefixation is recommended to be the best choice to treat comminuted fractures of humeral intercondyle.

经鹰嘴入路和钢板固定技术应作为肱骨髁间粉碎骨折的首选治疗方案，损伤的严重程度、手术方式的选择、术后功能锻炼的方法和患者的配合程度对术后功能恢复至关重要。

Methods: A total of 32 cases with GIST confirmed pathologically were retrospectively analyzed.

选择经手术及病理证实的胃肠间质瘤病例32例进行回顾性分析。

With careful attention to soft tissue management and surgical timing, incisions for tibial plafond fractures may be placed less than 7 cm apart, allowing the surgeon to optimize exposures on the basis of injury pattern.

留意软组织的治疗与手术时间，胫骨平台骨折的切口间的距离也许可以少于7cm，这可以让术者据受伤类型尽可能暴露术野。

Fluorescence in situ hybridization was carried out to confirm the integration of HBV DNA into male pronucleus and its replication with cell division in embryonic development.(Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction,RT-PCR) and immunofluoresence assay were performed to observe the expression of the HBV gene in two-cell stage.

材料与方法：成熟雄鼠麻醉后双侧睾丸注射经脂质体DOSPER包裹的HBV质粒，手术后雄鼠与超排雌鼠合笼交配，用荧光原位杂变(Fluorescence in situ hybridization，FISH)分别检测单细胞胚和二细胞胚间期核中HBV DNA的存在与复制，用逆转录聚含酶链反应(Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction，RT-PCR)和免疫荧光方法检测HBV基因在二细胞胚胎中的表达。

There was no significant difference in the incidence of pruritus or in the pain scoring between the two groups.

两组病人之间手术后皮肤瘙痒的发生率无明显差异，组间镇痛效果亦无明显差异。

All eighteen cups that were retained at the time of conversion surgery remained stable, with no migration and no progressive radiolucent lines, for an average of eighty-five months (range, twenty to 116 months) from the date of the primary resurfacing arthroplasty until the time of the latest follow-up.

翻修手术时保留的仍然稳定的18个臼杯，在从初次表面置换到最近随访时的平均85个月（范围20至116个月）间，都没有发生移位，没有进行性的X线透亮带。

The indication for proximal femoral replacement was a periprosthetic fracture in twenty patients, reimplantation because of a deep infection in thirteen, a failed arthroplasty in thirteen, nonunion of an intertrochanteric fracture in one, and radiation-induced osteonecrosis with a subtrochanteric fracture in one. Three patients died before the minimum two-year follow-up interval had elapsed, and two additional patients were lost to follow-up.

进行股骨近端置换的适应证是假体周围骨折28例，由于深部感染而进行再次手术13例，关节置换术失败13例，股骨粗隆间骨折不愈合1例，放射线诱导的骨坏死并伴有股骨粗隆下骨折1例。3例患者在达到最短两年随访之前就去世了，另外还有两例患者失访。

The indications for revision included periprosthetic fracture, reimplantation because of a deep infection, a failed arthroplasty, nonunion of an intertrochanteric fracture, and radiation-induced osteonecrosis.

翻修的指征包括假体周围骨折（20个病人）、深部感染（13例）、首次手术失败（13例）、转子间骨折骨不连（1例）以及辐射诱发的骨坏死（1例）。

The indication for proximal femoral replacement was a periprosthetic fracture in twenty patients, reimplantation because of a deep infection in thirteen, a failed arthroplasty in thirteen, nonunion of an intertrochanteric fracture in one, and radiation-induced osteonecrosis with a subtrochanteric fracture in one. Three patients died before the minimum two-year follow-up interal had elapsed, and two additional patients were lost to follow-up.

进行股骨近端置换的适应证是假体周围骨折28例，由于深部感染而进行再次手术13例，关节置换术失败13例，股骨粗隆间骨折不愈合1例，放射线诱导的骨坏死并伴有股骨粗隆下骨折1例。3例患者在达到最短两年随访之前就去世了，另外还有两例患者失访。

Methods we developed a surgical technique to correct short nose by increase tissue volume in nasal tip ,nasal alae and the columella. The technique contain three steps:① Wide dissection and prolongation of the outer skin envelope to cover the lengthened framework by a "V" formed surgical approach from columellar base to inner edge of alae.②Silicone or expanded polytetrafluoroethylene implant is used to correct saddle nose and to length nasal framework.③A papilionaceous concha composite graft containing a elliptic ear cartilage and a onlay "V" formed skin and subcutaneous tissue is grafted to inner edge of columella and alae. Results we performed the procedure on 8 patients.

通过8例短鼻缺陷受术者采用蝶形复合耳郭组织游离移植到鼻尖鼻翼以增加鼻尖鼻翼的组织量以达到延长短鼻的目的，手术分为三个步骤：首先从鼻小柱基底到两侧鼻翼内缘做V形切口，广泛分离鼻尾端皮肤粘膜；然后，通过硅胶或ePTFE假体材料间插并缝合于两侧大翼软骨之间延长鼻尖部软骨支架；最后，将蝶形耳后复合组织块移植到切口部以增加鼻尖鼻翼部的组织量，术后观察该法延长短鼻的实际效果。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。