手术的

Back-alley butcher :卑鄙的屠夫 Slang for abortionist.

俚语，给人施行流产手术的人。

Most risk factors appear in 2cm to tumor in stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ breast cancer patients,so we recommend 2cm to tumor as the safe exsection standard.The range of exsection should be expanded（＞2cm） when there were P53 mutation,the expression of C-erB-2 expanded and EIC.

Ⅰ、Ⅱ期乳腺癌保乳术后复发危险因素绝大多数（95.2%）在瘤缘外2cm以内存在，因此推荐以癌旁2cm作为保乳手术的安全切除范围，远离乳头端可缩小手术范围至癌旁1cm处；原发癌C-erbB-2扩增和P53突变时，行保乳手术应适当扩大切除范围（＞2cm）；EIC时，应扩大手术范围。

Also, few centers perform pancreatectomy for nonmalignant disease because of problems with fragile diabetes, especially in alcoholics.

个人评论：单纯就其统计学意义来说，研究人员将接受手术的胰腺癌和慢性胰腺炎患者的死亡率进行了比较，统计表明手术治疗慢性胰腺炎手术死亡率低于胰腺癌患者，但这仍不能作为建议手术治疗慢性胰腺炎的依据，因为没有对慢性胰腺炎患者中手术治疗和非手术治疗患者的预后和死亡率进行对比，我们还无法认定手术治疗慢性胰腺炎效果优于非手术治疗。

Methods: Fifty-six cases of cholelith in residual gallbladder after cholecystectomy were analysed retrospectively. Among them, 18 patients under went conventional cholecystectomy, 16 patients underwent mini-lap cholecystectomy, 22 patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy; 30 patients under went emergency operation and 26 patients under went selective operation; 42 patients' first operation was performed by under grade three hospital and 14 patients were performed by up gradethree hospital.

对56例残余胆囊结石再次手术的病例进行回顾性分析。56例中初次手术行经典胆囊切除术18例，小切口胆囊切除术16例，腹腔镜胆囊切除术22例；急诊手术30例，择期手术26例；初次手术在三级以下医院施行42例，在三级以上医院施行14例。

And 91.5% of those operations aimed to debride soft tissue,repair and fix the fractured bone.Ninetytwo cases recovered and 8 cases relieved.

全部伤员中有56例进行了86次手术，占56.0%，手术以软组织清创、修复手术以及四肢骨折固定为主，占全部手术的91.5%。

Materials and Methods: Campare gasless hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery, carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum laparoscopic surgery and operation on Cholecystectomy, colorectal resections, according to the study of operation time, expense in hospital, number of days, pathologic type, extension of radical cure, and analysis of the blood lymphocytes, immune function of erythrocyte, we could ascertain the application value of gasless hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery.

材料与方法：对比研究非气腹手助腹腔镜手术、CO_2气腹腹腔镜手术及开腹手术，从早期的胆囊切除手术的临床应用过渡到结直肠癌根治手术，分别从手术时间、住院费用、住院天数、病理分型、根治范围等进行对比研究，然后从人体外周血淋巴细胞、红细胞等免疫功能方面作进一步分析，以确定非气腹手助腹腔镜手术在临床中的应用价值。

We analyzed the regular pattern of daily medicine cost change of operation inpatients during hospitalization in every group . the results indicated that the median line of daily medicine cost had similar regular pattern in operations on the nervous system , the musculoskeletal system , the nose , mouth , and pharynx system and the female genital organs system : the top of daily medicine cost median emerged on the day of operations ; the median of daily medicine cost was low in the period after operation , and the lowest in the period before operation . the median line of daily medicine cost of operations on the digestive system and the integumentary system keeped at a high level in the period of 1 - 6 days after operations

手术病人日药费随住院时间的变化规律按icd - 9 - cm类目表的15个系统大类将住院手术病人分为15组，分析了各系统手术病人住院期间日药品费用的变化规律，结果显示：神经系统、肌肉骨骼系统、鼻口咽系统和女性生殖系统手术的日药费中位数线图具有相似的变化规律：手术病人住院期间的日药费硕士学位论文中位数的峰值位于手术当日，且手术当日的日药费变异最大；术后住院日的日药费中位数明显降低；术前住院日的日药费中位数很低；消化系统和体被系统手术在手术当日及术后1 6天内的日药费中位数维持在较高的水平。

objective:to explore the possibility and indication of surgical treatment of anastomotic recurrence following resection of cardiac carcinoma.method:reoperation was performed in 16 patients with anastomotic recurrence from 1992 to 2004.secondary resection was in 9(56.3%) and jejunostomy in 3.result:in 9 patients,pneumonia occurred in 3 and hydrothorax in 1 after secondary resection.

目的：探讨贲门癌术后吻合口复法癌再手术的可能和适应症。方法：回顾1992年至2004年我科尝试性行该手术16例，再次手术采用左胸切口和胸腹联合切口，手术切除9例（56.3%）；术中经胃造瘘术4例；行空肠造瘘术3例。结果：术后并发肺部感染3例；胸腔积液1例。

The statistic analysis of the relationship between the operative amounts and the corrected amount of eye primary position of 177 operations on the horizontal recti showed a positive proportional relation. And the correction effect in degree for each mm of surgery is between 1. 2°～2. 2°, and for different types of strabismus and different surgical treatments, the correction effects for each mm of surgery are different.

对临床177例眼水平直肌手术的手术量与眼位矫正量的关系进行了统计分析，结果表明水平直肌的手术量与眼位矫正量有较好的正相关关系，大约每毫米手术量对应的手术矫正量在〓之间，不同类型的斜视、不同的手术，每毫米手术量对眼位的矫正量不同。

Unnarcotic analgesic is effective to relieve pain in ophthalmologic operation, and operation can be more comfortable and efficient, especially for operation on extraocular muscle and long time operation.

在眼科局麻手术中辅助镇痛的临床应用使得患者在手术过程消除紧张焦虑、疼痛域值提高，从而使患者手术过程舒适，又不影响手术效率及眼科局麻手术的其他优势，对于眼外肌手术或手术时间长的内眼手术效果更明显。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。