手术前的

The results in this paper are possesses an important meaning to the position of the ostium of frontal sinus, adjacency relation and prevent anterior ethmoid artery from the risk of injury.

四、结论本文的结果对鼻内镜下额窦手术的额窦口定位、与毗邻的关系以及预防筛前动脉的损伤有其重要的指导意义。

Abstract］ objective to discuss the influencing factors of healing up of anastomosis between traditional and morden ideas and question the more reasonable method of intestinal tract preparation in stage one operation.methods twenty-six patients with colon cancer were divided into 3 groups:colostomy group（8 cases）,washing group (9 cases) and suction group (9 cases).all the patients underwent colectomy plus stage one anastomosis and exteriorization with different interoperative preparation with which we compared the healing up of anastomosis within the three groups.results there were 3 cases having fistula in the colostomy group （8 cases）;one case in the washing group,but all the patients in the suction groups gained stage one healing up.conclusion as a method of emergency interoperative peparation,stool suction has a better healing up of anastomosis than colostomy and washing;it is advantageous to observe the healing up of anastomosis through colectomy plus stage one anastomosis and colon-outlying.

目的 探讨影响吻合口愈合因素的传统与现代观念并进一步探讨一期手术中更为合理的肠道准备方式。方法 26例降结肠癌分为造瘘组（8例）、冲洗组（9例）和粪便吸引组（9例）三组，术中分别采用3种不同方式行紧急肠道准备，所有病人均采用结肠切除一期吻合加外置的方法，对比观察三组病人的吻合口愈合情况。结果造瘘组（8例）有3例发生瘘，冲洗组有1例发生瘘，粪便吸引组全部一期愈合。结论粪便吸引作为一种术中紧急肠道准备方法，其吻合口愈合情况优于前两组；结肠一期吻合加外置的方法有利于观察吻合口的情况。

ABSTRACT:OBJECTIVETo study the correlation between anatomic structure of the inferior alveolar nerve canal and dental implantation by measuring mandible innervation esemplarsMETHODSThe intramandibular course of mandibular canal and its dimendion were measured in 15 mandibles with teeth; the relationship between blood vessel and nerve was observed in 5 fresh samples in which the artery was filled; and then the data were analyzed by statisticsRESULTSThe mandibular canal was close to the lingual side and the inferior margin of the mandible, the mandibular canal and the 10mm underside of mandible were parallel in the region of the first and the second molars, it runned outboard to genal aperture when it was hereabout genal aperture, and the blood vessel lay above nerve in the mandibular canalCONCLUSIONIn implant operation performed according to normal anatomy, injury to inferior alveolar nerve may be avoided.

［目的］探讨下颌管的解剖结构与牙种植的关系［方法］选取15具牙列完整的成人离体下颌骨标本和5具经过动脉血管内灌注的新鲜标本，测量下颌骨在每个牙位截面上有关牙槽嵴及下颌管的相关数据，进行统计学分析［结果］牙槽嵴顶以及下方10mm宽度由前向后逐渐增宽；牙槽嵴由上向下逐渐增宽；下颌管位于下颌骨体内下方走行中偏舌侧，并近下颌骨下缘，在下颌第1，2磨牙区下颌管走行与下颌下缘成平行状，在近颏孔处转向外和向颊侧出颏孔；下颌管内血管位于下牙槽神经之上［结论］牙种植术中按正常解剖部位并且侧重颊侧骨板操作，可避免损伤下牙槽神经；如果术中下颌管内突然涌出大量新鲜血液，则提示若继续手术可能损伤下牙槽神经。

ABSTRACT:OBJECTIVETo study the correlation between anatomic structure of the inferior alveolar nerve canal and dental implantation by measuring mandible innervation esemplarsMETHODS The intramandibular course of mandibular canal and its dimendion were measured in 15 mandibles with teeth; the relationship between blood vessel and nerve was observed in 5 fresh samples in which the artery was filled; and then the data were analyzed by statisticsRESULTSThe mandibular canal was close to the lingual side and the inferior margin of the mandible, the mandibular canal and the 10mm underside of mandible were parallel in the region of the first and the second molars, it runned outboard to genal aperture when it was hereabout genal aperture, and the blood vessel lay above nerve in the mandibular canalCONCLUSIONIn implant operation performed according to normal anatomy, injury to inferior alveolar nerve may be avoided.

［目的］探讨下颌管的解剖结构与牙种植的关系［方法］选取15具牙列完整的成人离体下颌骨标本和5具经过动脉血管内灌注的新鲜标本，测量下颌骨在每个牙位截面上有关牙槽嵴及下颌管的相关数据，进行统计学分析［结果］牙槽嵴顶以及下方10mm宽度由前向后逐渐增宽；牙槽嵴由上向下逐渐增宽；下颌管位于下颌骨体内下方走行中偏舌侧，并近下颌骨下缘，在下颌第1，2磨牙区下颌管走行与下颌下缘成平行状，在近颏孔处转向外和向颊侧出颏孔；下颌管内血管位于下牙槽神经之上［结论］牙种植术中按正常解剖部位并且侧重颊侧骨板操作，可避免损伤下牙槽神经；如果术中下颌管内突然涌出大量新鲜血液，则提示若继续手术可能损伤下牙槽神经。

Our case underscores the importance of promptly evacuating an SEH.6,12,14,29 This patient presented with a severe neurological deficit with worsening paresis, and the prompt diagnosis and decompressive surgery performed within 8 hours after the onset of symptoms allowed complete recovery of her preoperative neurological deficit.

我们的病例强调了快速评估SEH的重要性。本例出现了严重的神经损伤和恶化瘫痪状态，但快速准确的诊断和出现症状8小时即施行的减压手术使得患者的术前神经损伤得到完全恢复。

This was a female adult case of severe bimaxillary dental alveolar protrusion and open bite. Fortunately, it was not combined with bimaxillary prognathism and her skeletal relation is neutral, no Class Ⅱor Class Ⅲ feature was noted.

"锚定控制"在治疗严重上下颚前突的病例中是非常重要的工作，虽然现在已有微植体的植入可以帮忙达到理想中的"绝对锚定"，但对患者而言，再简单的手术都有风险及压力。

The largest is preoperative originally crooked nose, this situation will be after swelling in the process of becoming more and more obvious, in addition, that is, nose surgery were inserted fake body position skew caused.

最多的情况是术前原本就歪的鼻子，这种情形会在术后消肿的过程中显得更明显，此外，就是鼻子手术时插入的人造假体的位置歪斜导致的。

Treatment of APA usually is local resection even in cases with APA-LMP(atypical polypoid adenofibroma of low malignant potential) In young, premenopausal women with APA who wish to remain fertile, local resection with careful postoperative follow-up is the appropriate treatment.

在希望保留生育功能的有APA的年轻的绝经前妇女中，局部的切除术加上认真的手术后随访是合适的治疗方式。

Results The left side of caudate lobes varied little in the shape and border,having a constant pedicle of vessels and bile ducts, which could be easily resected in surgery.Most of the blood vessle branches and bile duct of caudate lobe arose from the anterosuperior edge of Glisson's cap-sule.

结果 ①尾状叶左侧的形态、大小、边界变异不大，其血液及胆管引流有一个相对固定的&蒂&，手术切除比较容易；②尾状叶的血管供应、胆管引流繁杂，但均连接于Glisson's管的一、二级分支的前上缘；③肝短静脉数量、注入部位变异大，其走行多与腔静脉壁垂直。

Results The left side of caudate lobes varied little in the shape and border,having a constant pedicle of vessels and bile ducts,which could be easily resected in surgery.Most of the blood vessle branches and bile duct of caudate lobe arose from the anterosuperior edge of Glisson's cap-sule.The hepatic short veins varied significantly in number,but all veritcal to inferior vena cave.Conclusion There are four approaches for cau

结果 ①尾状叶左侧的形态、大小、边界变异不大，其血液及胆管引流有一个相对固定的&蒂&，手术切除比较容易；②尾状叶的血管供应、胆管引流繁杂，但均连接于Glisson's管的一、二级分支的前上缘；③肝短静脉数量、注入部位变异大，其走行多与腔静脉壁垂直。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。