手术前的

36 cases severe cardiac valve replacement whose cardio/thorax were 0.68～0.90 measured by sternite, heart function were Ⅲ～Ⅳ grade, average of left ventricle diastole diameterwas 67±9.2mm. All the patients heart function were improved by strict therapy before operate. Selecting best opportunity for operation, by general anesthesia, moderate hypothermia extracorporeal circulation, perfusing heart by cold stop-beating fluid including hypokalium and blood ,and refusing dopamine to maintain haemodynamics after cardiac resuscitation.

36例重症心脏瓣膜置换术病人，X线胸片心胸比0.68～0.90，心功能Ⅲ～Ⅳ级，左室舒张末径平均67±9.2mm，术前均经过严格改善心功能治疗，选择有利的手术时机，采用以芬太尼为主，咪唑安定、异丙酚、异氟醚等为辅助药的全身麻醉，中度低温体外循环，以高钾含血冷停跳液灌注心脏，心脏复苏后静脉输注多巴胺等维持血流动力学稳定。

The preoperative diagnosis of angioleiomyoma of epididymis and tunica vaginalis was difficult,definite diagnosis depend on pathology.

附睾及睾丸鞘膜血管平滑肌瘤的术前诊断较困难，确诊需经病理学检查，手术切除是最佳的治疗方法。

Methods Based on the treatment of 62 patients with thyroid benign mass: unsevered anterior muscle of neck;For the first 11 cases, we adopted the way of removing nodule and among the rest 51 cases, 30 accepted subtotal thyroidectomy, and 21 accepted gland lobectomy.

笔者自1993年1月￣2005年12月对62例术前拟诊良性病变的甲状腺肿块采用改良的手术方法，取得了满意临床效果，现报告如下。1临床资料1.1一般资料本组男27例，女35例。年龄21￣69岁，平均45岁。

Abstract］ objective to assess the efficacy and safety of holmium laser urethrotomy under ureteroscope to treat the urethral stricture.methods 16 cases were treated by holmium laser resection under ureteroscope.the length of the stricture was 0.1～1.0 cm.the blood loss and the complications as well as curative effect after operation were observed.results all of the cases were treated successfully with less bleeding and no severe complications.the maximal urinary flow rate improved obviously after operation.conclusion the holmium laser under ureteroscope demonstrates good effect to treat urethral stricture.

目的 探讨输尿管镜下钬激光切开术治疗尿道狭窄的疗效。方法 16例患者采用经尿道输尿管镜下钬激光切开术治疗，狭窄长度0.1～1.0 cm，观察其术中出血、术后并发症及疗效。结果 16例患者均顺利完成手术，疗效满意，术中出血少，术后最大尿流率较术前有明显改善，无严重并发症发生。结论输尿管镜下钬激光切开术治疗对尿道狭窄是一种安全、微创且行之有效的治疗方法。

Methods From January 2003 to October 2006, polysomnography was performed on 120 children with adenoidal hypertrophy before and after adenoidectomy. Various polygraphic parameters describing the macro- structure of sleep and the microstructure of sleep were analyzed.

对120例行腺样体肥大切除术的儿童，分别于术前及术后1个月行夜间睡眠多导监测，比较手术前后宏观、微观睡眠结构的变化。

There were no obvious affections on the donor sides after the operation of anterolateral femoral flap.

切取股前外侧皮瓣，对股四头肌的功能无明显的影响，但在手术中要注意保护神经分支。

Loss of correction is less in patients undergoing combined anteroposterior surgery.

在接受联合前后路手术的患者的矫正度丢失较小。

Methods: The anatomic construction of the cerebellopontile angle and the relationship of VN and its surrounding nerves and vessels were observed under microscope .

在手术显微镜下观察了52例前庭蜗神经瘤病人的桥脑小脑角剖结构及VN与周围神经、管的解剖关系。

Objective:To appraise the value of endoscopically assisted anterior approach of the cervicothoracic junction so as to provide anatomic clues for EAAA and evaluate the effect of clinical application.

目的： 探讨将内窥镜技术应用于脊柱颈胸段的前路手术中，研究入路技术并提供解剖学依据，初步评价其临床应用的疗效。

The agger cells situated at the pathway of the intranasal frontal sinus during surgery and dacryocystorhinostomy, the nasal CT scan might be beneficial to the prevention of surgical complications.

鼻丘为鼻内额窦手术和鼻腔泪囊造口术的进路，可借助鼻窦CT进行术前设计和预防并发症的发生。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。