手术前的

It's considered as a routine to clean and razor the hair of the incision region before operation.The author's conclusions:24 hours after skin preparation, the razored group will have much more bacteria on skin than unrazored group.

手术前清洁皮肤剃除手术野的毛发，被列为外科手术前常规，其利弊如何，已有学者提出异议，笔者做了一组临床实验证明：剃毛备皮组24h后皮肤表面细菌存留数明显高于不剃毛备皮组。

Comclusion: transpetrous presigmoid retrolabrinth approach was rational approach for surgery on petroclivus and -4- CPA; it抯 important for accomplish the surgery to study and master the anatomy and variance of this approach; there was relative anatomical relationship among those structure on posterior of petrous bone; AAMP was the extracranial mark of inflexion of TS and SS; LAM and PSC were obvious bone marks for operation; we can confirm the abraded range of petrous bone lean upon LAM and/or GSS beside abrading step by step as literature, and it抯 unnecessary and unrational to emphasize to show PSC if the surgical space was enough; preceding sigmoid sinus and high jugular bulb often appeared at right and would bring disadvantage effect; interspace ,between CN V and CNVII or CNVII and CNJXI, were available to reach clivus and manage the mass on the range.

经SS前迷路后入路是处理岩斜坡区、桥小脑角区病变理想的手术入路；研究和熟悉手术入路中的解剖结构及部分变异对指导手术十分必要；岩骨内测面的骨性结构之间有着相对稳定的空间关系；顶乳缝前角是SS和TS转接处在颅外的标志；IAM和PSC等结构可以作为手术中的重要骨性标志；以PSC确定岩骨的磨除范围是较安全和可靠的，但亦可以结合影像检查，以内耳道和乙状窦前缘为基点判定切除范围，如果操作空间足够，过分强调磨出半规管是不适当的；右侧GSS的宽度和深度较对侧大，SS前置和颈静脉球高位较对侧多见，这些都对右侧入路有不利的影响，但仍可以进行手术操作；三叉神经和面神经间隙及面l 神经和舌咽神经间隙方便到达斜坡并处理病变。l

Patients with dental impaction received a presurgical dose 30 minutes before surgery and a postsurgical dose 3 hours later.

有牙科阻生的病人有手术前30分钟接受了一个手术前剂量，而在3小时后接受了一次手术后剂量。

Results: Successful reopening of the vessels was obtained in both patients without the evidence of postsurgical ischemic event.

在动脉切开术期间，如果手术前的血管造影提示是颈动脉分叉远侧的血管阻塞显明，并能通过ICA获得黑质返流的血流，那么直接颈动脉内膜切除术可以安全地执行。

So a definitive diagnosis of this eneity relies very much on histopathology, aided by clinical history, presurgical serum level of calcium, and exclusionary immunohistochemistry.

因此最可靠的鉴别更多的依赖于组织病理学，借助于临床病史、外科手术前的高血钙和免疫组织化学的排他性诊断。

.to record the bp and hr15,30,45,60min in both groups.bp,hr were higher during anesthesia than before anesthesia significantly in control group;bp,hr were lower during anesthesia than before anesthesia significantly in observation group.discussion remifentail take from the bp,hr effectively during operation,reduce the blooding,ensure the operative field clean and maintain the hemodynamics tranquilization,so as to the operation go with a swing.

。观察记录手术前及手术开始后5，15，30，45min时患者收缩压及心率。与麻醉前比较，对照组患者麻醉期间收缩压及心率均明显升高，而观察组患者均显著下降，两者间差异有统计学意义。［结论］瑞芬太尼可有效地降低手术期间患者的血压及心率，减少手术视野出血，保持血液动力学指标稳定。

The night before surgery, I sat in the chair beside her bed and held her hand.

手术前的那个晚上，我坐在她床沿的椅子上，握着她的手。

"Our study demonstrates that patients with smaller pouch size lost more weight over time," Dr. Roberts said."But one unique aspect of our study is that we also looked at cofactors that might affect pouch size." These included age, sex, and preoperative BMI.

Roberts医师表示，我们的研究显示，胃囊较小的病患随著时间增长、减轻更多的体重；我们研究中独特的一点是，我们也着眼于影响胃囊尺寸的其它因子，包括年纪、性别、和手术前的BMI值。

It could also be helpful when looking at small body parts, like the thyroid or parathyroids, to help during preoperative planning. She said, instead of using a whole-body scanner to look at small body parts and organs, like a thyroid,"Just whip out your little camera and get very quickly-acquired, very high-resolution images of thyroids and other small parts."

观察身体的微小部分时也很有用，如甲状腺或甲状旁腺，这对於手术前的规划也很有帮助，可以不再需要使用整个身体的扫描仪观察微小的身体部分，只需放入微小的小摄影机，就可以迅速地得到解析度非常高的影像。

One surgeon told me that the night before he underwent surgery, his surgeon told him there is a 5 percent chance you will die in the O.R.

一位外科医生告诉我，在他手术前的一晚，他的外科医生告诉他，他可能有5%的可能性死在手术室中。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。