手术前的

Diagnosed as Siamese twins before birth, they were kept in hospital until they were old enough to be operated on.

在实施手术的5个星期前，外科医生们还在双胞胎的皮肤下面植入了可膨胀的气球，以确保此次手术后，有足够的皮肤组织用来遮盖手术伤口。

The potential prognostic factors (nasal obstruction, cross-sectional area of nasal cavity, rhinosinusitis severity, preoperative olfactory loss, nasal polyps, allergic rhinitis, concurrent septoplasty and turbinal surgery, postoperative steroid treatment) for improvement in olfaction after FESS were also evaluated in these patients.

手术六个月后，这些病患的嗅觉功能再用同样方法来评估，同时分析可能的预后因子〈鼻塞、鼻腔截面积、鼻及鼻窦炎严重度、术前嗅觉丧失程度、鼻息肉、过敏性鼻炎、附带鼻中膈鼻甲手术、术后类固醇治疗〉对术后嗅觉功能改变的影响。

Methods Adenomyosis was diagnosed under lapososcopy in 4 infertile cases. Meanwhile coexsting endometriosis,pelvic adhesion and adenomyoma were treated by surgery and endocoagulator in 4 and 2 cases respectively.GnRH-α therapy was given for six months before laparoscopic surgery in 1 case and after laparoscopic surgery in 3 cases .

4例有严重痛经的子宫腺肌病伴不孕症患者经B超及腹腔镜或病理检查确诊，在腹腔镜检查的同时手术矫治合并存在的子宫内膜异位症和盆腔粘连。4例中，3例子宫后壁有局限性腺肌瘤形成(其中2例在腹腔镜下行手术切除)。3例于术后、1例于术前注射长效缓释型GnRH-α，每月1次，共6次。

Methods adenomyosis was diagnosed under lapososcopy in 4 infertile cases. meanwhile coexsting endometriosis,pelvic adhesion and adenomyoma were treated by surgery and endocoagulator in 4 and 2 cases respectively.gnrh-α therapy was given for six months before laparoscopic surgery in 1 case and after laparoscopic surgery in 3 cases .their fecundity outcome were followed-up after cessation of gnrh-α treatment.

4例有严重痛经的子宫腺肌病伴不孕症患者经b超及腹腔镜或病理检查确诊，在腹腔镜检查的同时手术矫治合并存在的子宫内膜异位症和盆腔粘连。4例中，3例子宫后壁有局限性腺肌瘤形成(其中2例在腹腔镜下行手术切除)。3例于术后、1例于术前注射长效缓释型gnrh-α，每月1次，共6次。

The results are as follows:(1) With the imposing of orthopedic force of simulating maxillary protraction on maxilla, in the sagittal direction, the maxillary complex of the SD Rats in experimental group grows more quickly than that in two control groups, and the extent of the maxillary complex increases more evidently. The maxillary complex displays anti-clockwise forward and upward rotation.(2) With the imposing of orthopedic force on maxilla, upper incisors exhibit labial-inclined, labioclination of lower incisors changes insignificantly, and the shape and the dimension of skull are not affected significantly.(3) The expression of TGF-3 , in frontomaxillary sutures and palatomaxillary sutures shows different intensity in different extent of time. But The expression of TGF-{3, in experimental group is more intensive than that in two control groups, and that in operated control group and natural growth group has no significant difference.

结果如下：在模拟上颌前牵引矫形力作用下，(1)生长发育期大鼠上颌复合体在矢状方向生长加快，长度明显增加，并表现出向前向上的逆时针旋转；(2)上切牙唇倾，下切牙的唇倾度没有明显变化，颅脑的形态与大小不受影响；(3)额颌缝和腭颌缝中TGF-β_1的表达，同一时段实验加力组要强于手术对照组与自然生长组，而手术对照组与自然生长组之间无显著性差异。

The exclusion of pathoanatomical data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample database, of key importance in guiding the surgical approach, prevents any conclusions being drawn about the merits and disadvantages of anterior versus posterior surgery.

若从全国住院患者样本数据库中删除对指导手术入路有重要意义的病理解剖学数据，则无法通过对比而得出任何关于前后路手术的优势和不足的结论信息。

This operation is suitable for the following portal hypertension: simple occlusion of hepatic vein (a pathological type of Budd-Chiari syndrome)thrombosis in portal vein or prehepatic portal hypertension due to cavernous transformation; intrahepatic portal hypertension with rebleeding after treatment of splenectomy or without operation, and the patients with liver function in Child A or B class.

本手术主要适应于以下原因引起的门静脉高压：①单纯化肝静脉闭塞(布-加综合征的一种病理类型)；②门静脉主干血栓形成成海绵样变性引起的肝前性门静脉高压；③肝内型门静脉高压行断流术后再发出血或未行手术，肝功能为Child A和B级者。

The laparoscopic method is a variation of the "tension-free" procedure and is performed by insertion of different surgical instruments and video camera into the abdominal cavity or the preperitoneal space for mesh implantation.

腹腔镜手术方法是无张力疝修补的变化方式。医生用不同的手术器械插入病人的腹腔，借助摄象机把一张补片放入病人腹腔或者腹膜前间隙。

The investigation covered both preoperative and postoperative psychological activities,the level of satisfaction,and the relative sociomedical problems for LASIK.

结果：受术者以脑力劳动及需要较好视力职业者为多，95.27％的人对手术有过一些或详细了解，并仔细考虑过。75 。15％的人术前表现为心情平稳和信心百倍。术后98 。82％的人自觉手术非常满意或尚满意，不满意率仅1.18％。

Objective To evaluate the success rate and the risk of impairing vision for epimacular surgery.

目的 探讨不同类型的黄斑前膜手术的成功率和手术损伤视力的风险。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。