手术前的

So,a antecedent proper scheme is necessary for success in the operation.

为了确保手术成功，必须在术前确定合理的手术方案。

The control group received same volume of normal saline instead. The platelet, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen, factor Ⅷ coagulator activity, the operation duration, and blood loss within postoperative 24 h were determined and compared between 2 groups.

测定两组用药前和术后的血小板计数、凝血酶原时间、部分凝血活酶时间、纤维蛋白原定量、第八因子促凝活性；记录手术时间和手术开始至24 h中出血量，评价其临床效果。

Preoperative identification of ossified dura mater will be helpful to the surgeon to modify the surgical technique and to counsel patients regarding the risks of surgery.

术前鉴别硬膜骨化对外科医生修正手术方法、告知患者可能的手术风险起着一定作用。

Still, short-course radiotherapy prior to surgery lowered recurrence by nearly half, for any plane of surgery achieved.

不过，无论何种手术平面，只要是配合了短期术前放疗的手术治疗复发率降低了将近一半。

PDA was often combined with all kinds of intracardial malformation ,preoperational diagnosis and interoperative exploration are extremely helpful for diagnosis . A strict control of indication and the improvement of CPB technique are significant to lower the death rate and postoperative complication . Suturing PDA through incision in pulmonary artery under CPB is the main treatment for PDA, using Foley catheter to block arterial canal flow helps to fully expose the operating field 、shorten CPB duration and lower the complications of lungs and brain .

各种心内畸形经常合并PDA，术前诊断及术中探查，意义重大；严格掌握手术指征和提高CPB技术，对降低手术死亡率及术后并发症具有重要意义；经肺动脉切口缝闭PDA是CPB下处理PDA的主要方法，术中应用 Foley导尿管阻断动脉导管血流，有利于术野显露、缩短CPB时间，可降低肺部、脑部并发症。

The PEAK operated well within accept-able safety limits and may greatly facilitate both posterior segment surgeries (eg, membrane dissection and sheathotomy) and anterior segment procedures (eg, capsulotomy, nonpenetrating trabeculectomy, and iridectomy).

讨论：PEAK在安全界限内是可以接受的，并且在后节手术（例如膜切开术和鞘切开术）和前节手术（例如晶状体囊切开术，非穿透性小梁切除术和虹膜切除术）中非常容易操作。

Methods Analysis was made to the surgical treatment of deep burns on42dorsum manus of38children,the time,methods for operation and the key points before,during and after operation were studied.

对38例42只小儿手背深度烧伤的手术治疗进行总结分析，探讨手术时机、方式、术前、术中、术后注意要点。

The preoperative 16-slice spiral CT examination contributes to deciding the infiltration depth, invasion extent of the primary tumor of cardia cancer and the situation of metabasis of lymph-gland surrounding it, which has significant clinical value in judging the feasibility of operation and directing the excision in operation.

术前16层螺旋CT检查有助于明确贲门癌原发肿瘤浸润深度、外浸范围和周围淋巴结转移情况，对判断手术可行性及指导手术切除具有重要的临床价值。

Methods 58 cases patients needing endocardiac orthoptic surgery were enrolled in this study, they are divided into control group and SFI group randomly. Injecting of SFI 1ml/kg by intravenous before CPB was performed in group SFI, tidal volume, Pmax , Pmean and calculating Crs and RI during 10 min , 30 min , 60 min after the trachea intubating, in the beginning of CPB and during 10min, 60min, 120min after CPB were recorded.

选择临床心内直视手术病人58例，随机分为对照组和SFI组，SFI组于CPB前予SFI 1ml/kg静注，记录气管插管后10、30、60 min，CPB手术开始时，CPB停止后10、60、120min时的潮气量、气道峰值压、平均气道压并计算肺顺应性和呼吸指数。

A case of mandibular prognathism with facial asymmetry was presented. Surgery-first orthognathic approach was performed that no pre-surgical orthodontic treatment was done before surgery.

本篇为一下颚歪斜合并前突之骨性三级患者，治疗上以手术优先之正颚手术矫正治疗取代传统的观念与作法。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。