手术前的

Bronchospasm occurred in 12 patients and resoloved after inhalation of bronchodilator and intravenous administration of corticostreoid.

术前呼吸减退的COPD肺癌患者并非外科手术的绝对禁忌症，术前锻炼和围手术期无创正压通气支持有助於术后呼吸功能的锻炼和康复。

Methods: 1. Experimental laparoscopic liver resection: We selected pigs as experimental models aiming to approach human beings physiological and anatomical condition. After CO2 pneumoperitoneum was established, the ligaments around liver were dissociated. Livers were cut off by the methods such as clamp dissection, microwave tissue coagulator, ultrasound dissector, Ligsure dissection, hand-assisted, short abdominal incision laparoscopy-assisted, and Endo-GIA switcher. The operation time and bleeding volume were compared between different methods of laparoscopic liver resection. The advantages and limitations of different methods were summarized. 2. Clinical laparoscopic liver resection: 15 cases with tumors in segment V of anterior right lobe or segments II, III of left lateral lobe or segment IV of left internal lobe were selected in this study. The liver diseases included hepatocellular cancer, hepatic cavernous hemangioma and hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia. The ligaments around liver were dissociated after CO2 pneumoperitoneum established. Laparoscopic liver resection were carried out by some of the methods combined such as clamp dissection, microwave tissue coagulator, hand-assisted, short abdominal incision laparoscopy-assisted, ultrasound dissector, rotation and suction dissector.

1、实验性腹腔镜肝切除：以猪为实验动物，旨在接近人体的生理、解剖环境下进行实验，建立操作空间后游离肝脏周围韧带，采用钳夹分离切肝法、微波刀切肝法、超声刀切肝法、Ligsure切肝法、手辅助腹腔镜肝切除法、小切口腹腔镜辅助切肝法、Endo-GIA切肝法等方法实施腹腔镜下肝切除，比较不同切肝方法的手术时间、出血量，总结各种方法的优越性及其局限性。2、临床腹腔镜肝切除：选择肿瘤位于肝右前叶第Ⅴ段、肝左外叶第Ⅱ、Ⅲ段及左内叶第Ⅳ段的15例患者，病种包括原发性肝癌、肝海绵状血管瘤、肝脏局灶性增生，建立气腹后游离肝脏周围韧带，采用钳夹分离断肝、微波刀固化后断肝、手辅助腹腔镜肝切除、小切口腹腔镜辅助肝切除、超声刀断肝、旋吸断肝等多种方法分离切线肝组织，暴露管道结构，再采用高频电凝、钛夹夹闭、缝扎止血、止血纱布覆盖、氩气刀止血、生物胶止血、Endo-GIA处理等多种方法相结合处理肝断面，统计手术完成情况、手术时间、手术出血量、术后并发症及术后住院时间等，评价腹腔镜肝切除的可行性及安全性。

Contrast sensitivity function provides a more sensitive and more full-scale method than general eidoptometry. Although vision is normal, a fall of contrast sensitivity function in the early date after laser in situ keratomileusis would affect visual quality. It can be improved by scrutiny, rational medication and examination before and after laser in situ keratomileusis.

CSF提供了一种比常规视力检查更敏感、更全面的视功能评价手段，尽管裸眼视力正常，但LASIK术后早期CSF的下降会影响患者的视觉效果，这种现象可通过严谨的术前检查筛选、合理的手术设计、细致的手术操作、术前术后规范的用药随诊得到部分的补偿。

In order to improve the resection rate, decrease the operative mortality, complication morbidity and it is important to pay great attention to the unspecific symptoms of the epigastrium, Combined adoption of the current advanced imaging methods could result in increasing early diagnosis and essential for accurate determination of tumor resectability and operation designing. It is also important that a professional surgeon team should be organized too.

腹部非特异性症状结合影像学检查可提高壶腹周围癌的早期诊断率；术前准确评估手术可切除性，制订合适的手术方案，以提高壶腹周围癌的手术切除率，降低手术死亡率、并发症发生率。

ambuscades of block unripe wisdom tooth pull out the operation is relatively complex with difficulty, in pine of rice of a place of strategic importance of ground of the inject before the detailed operation program before adopting method, art, art careful operation, unplug ram of dip of sponge of isinglass of tooth cut iodoform, reasonable use antibiotic improves the result.

结论埋伏阻生智齿的拔除手术较为复杂和困难，通过术前具体的手术方案、术前注射地塞米松、术中仔细操作、拔牙创口碘仿明胶海绵浸填塞、合理使用抗生素提高效果。

ABSTRACT Objective To discuss the importance of the study of conformation and variation of extrahepatic bile duct before gallbladder operationMethods The images of 100 cases having normal structure of gallbladder and extrahepatic bile duct were studied;the conformations and confluence sites were analyzedResults Among the 100 cases,97 cases had clear images of extrahepatic bile duct (97%),3 cases with large amount of air bulbs in bile duct because of the laxation of the lower common bile duct still had clear images of the general conformation of extrahepatic bile duct,87 cases had clear images of gallbladder and cystic duct (87%),13 cases (13%) had partial images of gallbladder or cystic ductConclusions ERCP can clearly show out the conformation and variation of extrahepatic bile duct and cystic duct and it is of important value before gallbladder operation

目的 通过对100例胆囊及肝外胆管正常结构尚存在的患者ERCP图像资料进行归纳和分析，探讨胆囊手术术前了解肝外胆道系统形态及变异的重要性。方法选出100例胆囊及肝外胆管正常结构尚存在的患者图像，对其形态、汇合位置进行分析。结果 100例患者图像中肝外胆管显示清晰者97例(97%)，3例因胆总管下端开口松弛导致大量气泡进入胆道，但肝外胆管大体形态显示尚清晰，胆囊及胆囊管显示清晰者87例(87%)，13例(13%)仅部分显示胆囊或胆囊管。结论 ERCP可以清晰显示肝外胆管及胆囊管的形态及变异情况，对于胆囊手术术前了解肝外胆道系统形态及变异有重要价值。 ERCP；胆囊管；肝外胆管

Communication should be strengthened between oculist and patient.

lasik手术是一种选择性手术，医患之间应加强沟通，严格进行术前检查，严格掌握手术的适应证和禁忌证。

Collecting a total of 102 cases(107eyes) of pations with traumatic optic neuropathy that underwent edoscopic optic nerve decompression surgery during December 1999 - April 2008 line,retrospective analysis of CT performance for the optic canal and paranasal sinuses,and Comparison of them with surgical results.102 cases of patients performed routine and coronal axial sinus CT scans,the optic canal zone wi th thin target scan,line of nasal tip and the anterior clinoid process connection as baseline for axis scan,and the vertical line of "bed nasal line" as baseline for coronal scan.

方法收集1999年12月-2008年4月间在青医附院耳鼻喉科行鼻内镜下视神经减压手术的外伤性视神经病患者的病例，共102例(107眼)，回顾分析其鼻窦及视神经管CT表现，并查看手术记录描述，将CT结果与术中所见情况进行对比分析。102例患者术前常规行轴位及冠状位鼻窦CT扫描，视神经管区行薄层靶扫描，以骨性鼻尖与前床突的连线为轴位扫描基线，以&床鼻线&的垂直线为冠状位扫描基线。

Such changes in alignments did not affect surgical results in CSM patients, while OPLL patients with preoperatie kyphosis had lower recoery rates than those with straight and lordotic alignments.

颈椎序列改变对CSM患者的手术效果没有明显影响，然而在OPLL患者中，术前颈椎后凸的患者手术后恢复要比前凸和曲线变直的患者差。

The spiral CT of three-dimensional SSD and VRT reconstruction provide more clear image on the details of pelvic tumors,which can stereoscopically,easily,understandably display the relationship between the lesion and surrounding structure,and the excisional range,so it can help clinical doctors for accurate diagnosis and making operation plan.

螺旋CT三维表面SSD及VRT图像清晰地显示了术前骨盆肿瘤的细节，以最易理解的形式立体直观地显示了病变及与周围结构的关系及手术应切除的范围，有助于术前正确诊断和制定手术计划，有效地减少术后局部复发。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。