手术上的

Dr. Glasser reviewed the records of 139 women (mean age, 38.9 years; range, 23-56 years) who underwent minilaparotomy myomectomy between January 1995 and December 2003. The procedure was performed through a four- to six-inch suprapubic cruciate incision using an atraumatic Mobius retractor, thus allowing more operating surface area than a Pfannensteil incision.

Glasser医师所分析的资料包含139位女性患者(平均年龄38.9岁，年龄介於23到56岁)，这些患者都在1995年1月至2003年12月间，以小型腹腔手术去除子宫肌瘤；手术方式为先在耻骨上作一4到6英吋的十字型手术切口，再以非创伤性的Mobius(Apple Medical公司供应)牵开器将手术切口撑开；相较於Pfannensteil切割法，此法会产生的较大的手术表面积。

The mono directional Glenn operation ( n =7) was performed by side to side anastomosis of superior vena cavae with right pulmonary artery with a beating heart supported by cardiopulmonary bypass.

3例双向 Glenn手术，上腔静脉与右肺动脉进行端侧吻合，上腔静脉近心端予以缝闭。手术结果，单向 Glenn手术患者，术后动脉血氧饱和度由术前的 5 0 %～ 6 0 %提高至术后的 70 %～ 80 %。

ConclusionTo begin with, the blood supply is adequate in the intertransverse area, and the distribution of blood vessels follows some regularities, so to be familiar with the anatomy and to operate carefully can reduce bleeding.

同时腰椎横突间及小关节区域常为诸多腰椎手术所涉及，临床上在处理这一区域时常会因损伤血管，引起出血不止而导致手术视野不清并影响手术操作，同时大量的出血可影响患者的手术耐受性，增加发生输血相关并发症的风险，尤其对ILIF手术，如忽略对此区域解剖结构和血管走行的认识将可能影响手术成功施行。

In the literature, the incidence of a retroperitoneal lymphocele following surgery is 0.6 to 18% in renal transplantation,3,4,12 20 to 30% in radical surgery with lymphadenectomy for gynecological cancers,2,6,17 and 0.8 to 11% in urological procedures.9,15 There have been several reports on the formation of chylothorax or chyloascites following thoracic or upper lumbar spinal surgery because of injuries to the thoracic duct or cisterna chyli.1,8,16,1821 However, cases of retroperitoneal lymphoceles are extremely rare in lower lumbar spinal surgery.

在文献报导的引起腹膜后淋巴管瘤的手术中，肾移植中其发生率为0.6 到18%，妇科肿瘤淋巴结清扫根治性手术中为20 to 30%，泌尿系中为 0.8 to 11%。也曾经有几篇报导显示胸椎或上腰椎手术造成胸导管或乳糜池损伤引起乳糜胸或乳糜腹水。但是，下腰椎手术造成腹膜后淋巴管瘤则很少见。

Objective : To investigate the obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome surgical therapy; Methods : 30 patients with routine examination all were found to have a narrow oropharynx mainly of upper airway obstruction, OK simple tracheostomy 1, tracheotomy anesthesia in two cases, posterior pharyngeal surgery in 28 cases. velopharyngeal surgery Suprahyoid suspension for two cases; Results : 27 patients recently effective, and the total efficiency of 90%. 26 cases of long-term effective, and the total efficiency of 86.7%, complications including intubation asphyxiation, hemorrhage, such as eating reflux.

目的：探讨阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征的手术治疗；方法：30例患者经常规检查发现均存在以口咽部狭窄为主的上气道阻塞，行单纯气管切开术1例，气管切开插管麻醉2例，行腭咽部手术28例，腭咽部手术联合舌骨上悬吊术2例；结果：近期27例有效，总有效率90%，远期26例有效，总有效率86.7%，并发症包括插管窒息、出血、进食反流等。

The supraorbital approach requires a much smaller skin incision, but could provide sufficient operating space in the suprasellar region for tumor removal which not only makes excellent surgical exposure for tumor and other structure in sella region and diminish brain retractionand tissue trauma, but also benefits for total excision of craniopharyngioma. So it is an effective and safe operative approach for tumor in the sella region.

眶上锁孔入路切口小，能提供鞍上区足够的手术空间，足以显露鞍区病变及其邻近结构，且减少了脑牵拉和手术创伤，有利于颅咽管瘤的全切除，是一种安全有效的处理鞍区病灶手术入路途径。

The supraorbital approach requires a much smaller skin incision, but could provide sufficient operating space in the suprasellar region for tumor removal which not only makes excellent surgical exposure for tumor and other structure in sella region and diminish brain retractionand tissue trauma, but also benefits for total excision of craniopharyngioma.

眶上锁孔入路切口小，能提供鞍上区足够的手术空间，足以显露鞍区病变及其邻近结构，且减少了脑牵拉和手术创伤，有利于颅咽管瘤的全切除，是一种安全有效的处理鞍区病灶手术入路途径。

The results are unsure for experimental use;The rabbit's corneas that were removed with upper-half of corneal limbal epithelium lamella and erased the center corneal epitheliums were transparent with intact corneal epithelium;In the approach,the corneal and limbal epitheliums were burned with a cotton swab socked in 1 mol/L NaOH,there were 4 rabbits' corneal stroma happened perforation or ulcer and symblepharon,and the other one presented corneal epithelium phenotype.This is an applicable method to create the pathological model of corneal limbal stem cell total deficiency.

结果表明，处理后4周，全周角膜缘上皮板层手术切除，中央角膜上皮层用1 mol/L NaOH擦除的5只试验家兔角膜表面全部血管化、结膜化，未发生睑球粘连，角膜基质胶原纤维完整未见溃疡、穿孔等病变，细胞印迹学检查为结膜表型，可作为实验性角膜缘干细胞移植的病理模型；全周角膜缘上皮板层手术切除，中央角膜上皮用生理盐水擦除的5只试验家兔，有2只为结膜表型，另3只为角膜表型，观察期内结果不稳定；半周角膜缘上皮板层手术切除，中央角膜上皮层用生理盐水擦除的5只试验家兔，角膜表面透明，全部为角膜表型；直接用1 mol/L NaOH擦除角膜缘和中央角膜上皮的试验家兔，有4只角膜基质胶原纤维断裂、溶解，并伴有严重的溃疡、穿孔、睑球粘连等病变，不能用于移植试验，另1只角膜表面透明，未见结膜和新生血管长入，细胞印迹学检查为角膜表型。

Based on the research and review of the norms of surgical gowns and drapes, we compare and analyze the basic requirement and test procedure of the gowns. We test water-repellent treated woven cotton reusable textiles, rechargeable biocidal function polyester/cotton woven reusable textiles, spun-bond polypropylene disposable textiles, water-repellent treated laminate disposable textiles of pulps and polyester with water resistant, physical, comfortable properties testing. We design an abrasion experiment to simulate linting test and evaluate the linting properties of these textiles.

本文对目前国内外主要的手术防护服标准的基本性能测试条款和测试方法及步骤进行了分析，在此基础上，对几种经拒水处理耐久型棉紧密机织物手术防护服材料、经可再生杀菌处理涤棉机织手术防护服材料、纺粘丙纶一次性手术服材料、经拒水处理木浆/涤纶复合水刺一次性手术防护服材料的拒液性能、基本物理性能、舒适性进行了比较测试；同时，本文设计了耐磨实验来模拟掉毛实验，通过失重率来评价这些材料的掉毛性能。

A comprehensive inspection of the first day, moving the next day surgery, general anesthesia dynamic operation, looking at such a small child lying on the bed operation, when the heart is ~~~ surgery about 35 minutes, cut small, as big as a grain of rice operation is the lower body to fight out of plaster, when the hand is the two legs on both sides of the body with cast immobilization with a plaster after 3 months can be adjusted for an iron rack, shelf five clasps, released a month and a half a deduction, your baby is in mid-July to win the shelves, from surgery to拿架子basically a year's time, during the baby is not affected by the crime to say the!!!

第一天全面检查，第二天动的手术，全身麻醉动的手术，看着这么小的宝宝躺在手术床上，当时那个心情简直是～～～手术大约35分钟，刀口很小，就象大米粒一样，手术出来是下半身打的石膏，当时就是两条腿掰到身体两侧用石膏固定，带了3个月石膏后换的一种可以调节的铁架子，架子上是五个扣，一个半月放一扣，宝宝是7月中旬拿下来的架子，从动手术到拿架子，基本上要一年的时间，期间宝宝受的罪就不要说了！！！

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。