手

Two chiral centers of 〓 and 〓 are come fromchiral isoamyl alcohol and chiral octanol-2 respectively.

和〓的手性中心分别来自于手性异戊醇和手性辛醇-2。

The way humans cognize the body part expression TE, which means "hand" in Japanese, can be considered through two kinds of cognitive processes; one is based on metonymical link which basically relies on spatial contiguity and conceptual contiguity with HANDS, and the other one is based on metaphorical link which relies on the similarity with our hands.

对於日语身体部位词「手」的认知过程大致上可分为，基於和「手」有空间上或概念上的关连性而形成的换喻，以及透过与「手」的相似性而形成的隐喻。

The osmium-catalyzed asymmetric dihydroxylation of olefins provides one of the most effective methods for the preparation of vicinal diols. Almost all kinds of olefinic substrates can be transformed to the corresponding diols by means of AD reaction. The chiral osmium catalyst is generated in situ by the chiral ligand complexing with OsO〓 in the reaction.

手性锇催化剂催化的烯烃不对称二羟基化反应是合成手性邻二醇最有效的途径之一，可以将几乎所有类型的烯烃转变成相应的手性邻二醇，因此广泛地应用于药物、天然产物以及精细化工产品的合成。

For very long time, many research groups focus on using more than a stoichiometric amount of a chiral auxiliaries to obtain high enantioselectivity. There were mainly two sorts of processes reported on highly catalytic asymmetric addition of Grignard reagents to aldehydes. The former case was to transform Grignard reagent RMgX into other organometal reagents such as R_2Zn and R-Ti derivatives via complicated procedures at extremely low temperature. The later case was to link a chiral ligand to Mg in the form of organomagnesium amides or use chiral amine ligand catalyzing the alkylation of aldehydes.

格氏试剂对醛的不对称加成的报道大多需要大量的手性助剂以获得高的光学活性，而高度催化的格氏试剂对醛的不对称加成主要通过两种途径进行：一种是把格氏试剂转化成其他的有机金属试剂如R_2Zn和R-Ti化合物再对醛进行加成，反应通常在低温下进行；另一种是利用手性镁胺作为中间体或直接用手性胺催化来完成此反应。

Considerable attention has really been focused on ionic liquids as "green" alternatives to classical environmentally damaging organic solvents in many fields such as in organosynthesis, material, catalysis, electrochemistry, biochemistry, physicochemistry, separation and so on. However, there have been only a few examples of chiral ILs have been reported so far, and ILs possessing chirality are having been synthesized aimed at application in asymmetric catalytic reaction.

离子液体在许多领域如电化学、有机合成、催化、生物化学、物理化学、材料及分离等的绿色替代溶剂技术引起了人们的重视，然而，有关手性离子液体的合成与应用的报道比较少，含有手性片段的离子液体不断被合成出来并期望在不对称催化反应中得到应用，但是成功的例子不多，使用手性离子液体在不对称催化反应中还在初始的探索阶段。

Expanding pinacol reductive coupling reaction into asymmetric one with both diastereoselectivity and enantioselectivity may lead to its application in synthesising medicaments and biologic active compounds with structure of vicinal diol. Asymmetric pinacol coupling reaction is also the most compact and effecient method in synthesizing chiral ligands or chiral auxiliary with C〓 symmetry.

将这一反应发展成为既有高度的非对映选择性，又有高度对映选择性的不对称偶联反应在合成许多含有手性邻二醇结构的药物或生物活性物质将有更重要的应用，同时不对称Piancol偶联反应也是合成C〓对称性的邻二醇多用途手性配体或手性助剂的最为简捷有效的方法。

With the need of pure isomer of racemic mixture increasing, more and more attentions have been paid to the chiral resolution membrane technology, which has been known as an energy-saving technology and considered as an easily scale-up chiral resolution technique.

手性拆分膜技术作为一种低能耗和易于工业放大的手性拆分技术，近年来随着单一手性物质需求的日益增长得到了广泛的关注。

Of the index finger back side island flap, the seaming finger nerve back lateral finger artery reversiveisland flap, the neighbour finger skin flap, the dorsal metacarpal artery reversive island flap and theposterior interosseous artery reversive forearm flap, groin skin flap,ilium skin flap and thoracic -umbilical flap were 197 cases.

杜昭，蔡文，黄德征（广西医科大学第六附属医院手外科，广西玉林537000）摘要：目的探讨手部创伤组织缺损显微外科修复方法及其效果。方法采用食指背侧岛状皮瓣、缝接指神经的背侧支指动脉逆行岛状皮瓣、邻指皮瓣、掌背动脉逆行岛状皮瓣和前臂骨间后动脉逆行皮瓣、髂腹股沟皮瓣、髂骨皮瓣及胸脐皮瓣转位修复手部创伤组织缺损197 例。

The method was confirmed to be feasible by experiments. Spatialization computer, vision, sensor, Fuzzy computation

对于手的跟踪这一问题而言，尽管视觉方法可以方便地确定手的平面图像位置，但对于手相对身体的深度信息

Whereafter,we achieved a highly enantioselective approach towards the synthesis ofβ-substituted chiral ketones utilizing Oppolzer\'s sultam as chiral auxiliary.The-and-enantiomer of target chiral ketones were obtained with up to 99%ee.

应用手性辅剂樟脑磺内酰胺的手性诱导作用，高对映选择性地合成了一系列β-芳基取代手性酮，其ee值高达99%，可用于药物及其它精细化工中间体的不对称合成。3。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。