扁桃体的

The imaging findings are characterized by sagging of the posterior fossa with low-lying cerebellar tonsils (which may be mistaken for a Chiari I malformation), elongation of the fourth ventricle, and effacement of the prepontine cistern.

其特征性的影像表现是颅后窝的下降，表现为小脑扁桃体的低位（可能被误以为是ChiariI型畸形），四脑室的延长、桥前池的消失。

MRI is the study of choice, as tonsillar position and configuration are easily identified along with other associated findings, such as syringomyelia.

但MRI是首选的检查方式，因为扁桃体的形态和位置和其他的异常可以非常容易的显示出来。

The operating time and blood loss duing operation and the degree of pain and the region of inflammation tumidity as well as hospitalization days were observed.

目的 探讨超声刀实施扁桃体切除术的可行性方法鼻内镜直视下放，对41例扁桃体切除术患者分别采用超声刀及常规手术方法，观察术中出血量、疼痛程度、炎性水肿范围、手术时间及住院天。

The results of study show:1. White pulp and red pulp in parenchyma of spleen of embryo can be obviously discerned after 18 days. Periarterial lymphoid sheath and ellipsoid periarterial lymphoid sheath also can be obviously discerned in spleen of 4 days chicken. T, B lymphocytes in appendix basement of embryo emerge after 20 days. It is the initial shape of cecal tonsil. Crypt structure of conjunction of esophago and stomachus glandularis form obviously at 4 days. It is the initial shape of esophago tonsil. The germinal center firstly emerges in these three organs at 14 days. With the increase of day age, the characteristic structure peripheral immune organs gradually develop mature. Spleen achieve mature at 21 days and cecal tonsil at 35 days.2. IgM~+ and IgA~+ cells in spleen of embryo emerge at 15 days. IgG~+ cell, CD3~+ and CD8~+T lymphocytes of embryo emerge at 20 days. CD3~+, CD8~+ and IgM~+ cells in cecal tonsil of embryo emerge at 20 days. However CD4~+, IgG~+ and IgA~+ cells all emerge in 1 day age chicken out of crust. CD3~+, CD4~+, CD8~+, IgM~+ and IgG~+ cells in esophago tonsil of embryo all emerge at 20 days. However IgA~+ cells emerge in 1 day age chicken out of crust.3. The amount of T, B lymphocytes in peripheral immune organs increase follow with the increase of day age, and hold an upgrade tendency. The amount of T, B lymphocytes in spleen achieved stabilization at 21 days, and in tonsil of esophago and appendix at 35 days.

研究结果表明：1、在组织结构方面，脾脏实质内的白髓与红髓在胚胎18日龄后明显可辨，4日龄雏鸡脾脏中形成明显可辨的动脉周围淋巴鞘和椭球周围淋巴鞘；盲肠基部T、B淋巴细胞在胚胎20日龄时开始出现，即初步形成盲肠扁桃体；食管与腺胃结合处在4日龄时形成明显的隐窝结构，即食管扁桃体初步形成；14日龄时，三种器官中首次出现生发中心；随着日龄的增长，外周免疫器官特征结构不断发育成熟，脾脏在21日龄时达到成熟水平，盲肠扁桃体和食管扁桃体在35日龄时达到成熟水平。2、在T、B淋巴细胞出现时间方面，脾脏中IgM~+和IgA~+细胞在胚胎15日龄时开始出现，IgG~+细胞、CD3~+和CD8~+T淋巴细胞在胚胎18日龄时出现，CD4~+细胞在胚胎20日龄时出现；盲肠扁桃体中CD3~+、CD8~+和IgM~+细胞在胚胎20日龄时开始出现，而CD4~+、IgG~+和IgA~+细胞均在雏鸡出壳后1日龄时出现；食管扁桃体中CD3~+、CD4~+、CD8~+、IgM~+和IgG~+细胞均在胚胎20日龄时开始出现，而IgA~+细胞则在雏鸡出壳后1日龄时出现。3、在T、B淋巴细胞数量变化方面，外周免疫器官中T、B淋巴细胞的数量随日龄增长，整体均呈上升趋势。

The dynamic changes of the number of T or B lymphocytes and the content of immunoglobulin G, IgM, IgA in peripheral blood, the number of CD〓, CD〓 lymphocyte subpopulation, T〓 cells and IgG, IgM, IgA antibody-producing cells, the ratios of CD〓 and CD〓 T cells in immune organs (thymus, bursa of Fabricius and spleen) and immune tissues (cecal tonsils and Harderian glands), the content of IgA, IgM, IgG in local fluid (tear, tracheal fluid, intestinal fluid and bile) of one-day chicks infected with chicken infectious anemia virus and CIAV-infected chicks immunized with Newcastle disease vaccine were determined respectively by immunohistochemistry, immunogold-silves and immunoenzyme staining in order to reveal mechanism of immunopathogenesis of chicks infected with CIAV and influence of immune responses of CIAV-infected chicks to ND vaccine.

中文题名雏鸡感染鸡传染性贫血病毒后免疫变化和对新城疫疫苗的应答及其免疫机理副题名外文题名 Immune changes of chicks infected with chicken infectious anemia virus and immune response and mechanism to Newcastle disease vaccine immunity 论文作者郑世民导师刘忠贵教授学科专业基础兽医学研究领域\研究方向学位级别博士学位授予单位东北农业大学学位授予日期2002 论文页码总数105页关键词鸡传染性贫血病雏鸡新城疫疫苗馆藏号BSLW /2003 /S858 /9 本项研究采用免疫组织化学、免疫胶体金及免疫酶方法，首次对CIAV感染1日龄雏鸡和CIAV感染雏鸡ND疫苗免疫及vNDV攻击后，其外周血液的T细胞、B细胞数量和IgG、IgM、IgA含量；中枢免疫器官胸腺和法氏囊，外周免疫器官脾脏及呼吸道和消化道局部粘膜免疫组织哈德尔腺和盲肠扁桃体的ANAE〓、CD4〓、CD〓T细胞、IgG、IgM、IgA抗体生成细胞数量和CD〓与CD〓T细胞比值以及泪液、气管液、肠液、胆汁的IgA、IgM、IgG含量的动态变化规律和CIAV感染对ND疫苗的免疫保护率等进行了全面系统地研究。

The specimens were from palatopharyngeal pillar tissues which were cut while we were performing tonsillectomy on simple obesity who also had chronic tonsillitis.

对照组则取材于单纯性肥胖患者的口咽部组织，共11例，标本来源通过同期住院的单纯性肥胖患者合并慢性扁桃体炎患者，在切除扁桃体的同时切取少许咽腭弓组织。

Suis was found in all identifiable crypt areas; SS2 also appeard in marginal zone and periarterial lymphoid sheath of spleen, hepatic sinusoid of liver, interstitium of lung; presence of SS2 was at the cortex where histopathological lesions and expression of inflammatory mediators were observed.

实验表明，SS2主要定殖于扁桃体的隐窝附近；在脾的边缘区和动脉周围淋巴鞘附近、淋巴结的生发中心和皮质内、肝血窦、肺间质和肾小体中均可见菌体状荧光颗粒；在脑组织中发生脑膜炎的区域，如皮层等可检出细菌。

Objective To summarize the experiences in diagnosis and treatment of peritonsillar abscess. Methods There 13 peritonsillitis and 84 peritonsillar abscess patients were reviewed.

目的 探讨扁桃体周围脓肿诊断治疗的经验方法分析扁桃体周围炎13例，扁周脓肿84例。

Tonsillar surface and core tonsillar cultures were taken in all patients.

取所有患者的扁桃体表面和扁桃体核心组织进行培养。

Examples include accumulation of food within pockets around the teeth, 14 among the bumps at the back of the tongue, 15 or in small pockets in the tonsils; sloughed cells from the mouth; and diminished saliva flow.

积累的例子包括牙齿周围的内口袋里的食物，其中在舌头，15或在扁桃体的小口袋回颠簸14；十四，删去细胞从口腔和唾液流量减少。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。